A simulação no ensino de competências para a realização de serviços farmacêuticos de âmbito clínico / Use of simulation in teaching competencies for pharmaceutical clinical services

O cuidado farmacêutico, operacionalizado em serviços farmacêuticos de âmbito clínico, é capaz de aumentar os desfechos desejáveis a partir do uso dos medicamentos. A realização destes depende de competências clínicas adequadas, cujo desenvolvimento ocorre por meio de métodos que permitam ao estudante a associação entre conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes. A simulação é um método que proporciona um cenário adequado para esse fim e, por isso, buscou-se analisar e reunir evidências sobre seu uso no desenvolvimento de competências para a realização desses serviços por meio de uma revisão integrativa. A intersecção entre os descritores "cuidados farmacêuticos" e "competências clínicas" nos bancos de dados PubMed/MedLine e Lilacs, entre os anos de 2013 e 2018, retornou 703 estudos, dos quais 18 foram incluídos por dois pesquisadores independentes. Como resultados, 61,1% dos estudos utilizaram a simulação para desenvolvimento e avaliação da comunicação com paciente e equipe de saúde, 50,0% dos estudos avaliou o componente "habilidade" e a simulação realística ou virtual foi utilizada em 55,5% dos estudos. A simulação demonstra ser um método pertinente ao desenvolvimento de competências clínicas, porém seu uso no Brasil se mostra incipiente e os recursos de infraestrutura e econômicos são os principais obstáculos para seu o uso.(AU)

Pharmaceutical care in pharmaceutical clinical services is able to increase the desired outcomes through the use of medications. The performance of these services depends on appropriate clinical competence, whose development is related to the appropriate choice of a method that allows the student to associate knowledge, skills and attitudes. Simulation is a method that provides an adequate setting for this purpose and, therefore, we sought to analyze and gather evidence on its use for developing competence to perform pharmaceutical clinical services through an integrative review. The intersection between the keywords "pharmaceutical services" and "clinical competence" in the PubMed/ MedLine and Lilacs databases between 2013 and 2018 yielded 703 studies, and 18 of those studies were included by two independent researchers. As results, 61.1% of the studies used simulation to develop and evaluate communication with patient and health team, 50.0% of the studies evaluated the component "skill" and 55.5% of the studies used realistic or virtual simulation. Simulation proves to be a relevant method for the development of clinical competence in pharmaceutical services, but its use in Brazil is incipient and infrastructure and economic resources are the main obstacles to its use.(AU)

Impact of a drug dispensing model at a Community Pharmacy in Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

Although dispensing of medication has been addressed by theoretical models, studies that confirm the impact of this service are still needed. The objective was to evaluate the impact of a new model of medicine dispensing system on patients' medication knowledge, adherence to treatment and satisfaction. One hundred and four patients attending the dispensing service of a community pharmacy between 21 January 2013 and 20 April 2013 were included in this intervention study. The impact of the service on patients' medication knowledge, adherence to treatment and satisfaction was assessed by using validated questionnaires at two time points: at the moment of medication dispensing and 30 days thereafter by telephone contact. Statistical analysis was performed by McNemar's test, and a p<0.05 was set as statistically significant. The number of patients showing insufficient knowledge about medications decreased by 50% (p < 0.05), and the number of those showing sufficient knowledge was three times greater (p < 0.05) after medicine dispensing. A high level of satisfaction was observed. Improvement of medication adherence, however, was not observed. The proposed system model for drug dispensing improved patients' knowledge about medication and satisfaction