Prevalência de feminicídios na Grande Vitória envolvendo região craniofacial no período de pandemia do vírus Sars-CoV-2 / Feminicide prevalence in Grande Vitória involving the craniofacial region during the pandemic of the Sars-CoV-2 virus

Introdução: feminicídio é o homicídio que envolve violência doméstica e familiar, menosprezo ou discriminação ao fato da vítima ser mulher. Em 2020, foi decretada pandemia do vírus SARS-CoV-2 e como forma de reduzir a disseminação foi adotado o isolamento social, expondo muitas mulheres a um maior risco de violência doméstica. Estudos apontam que a maioria dos traumatismos relacionados à violência contra mulher ocorrem na face, ressaltando a importância de estudar os casos de feminicídio envolvendo a região bucomaxilofacial. Objetivo: verificar a prevalência de feminicídio, envolvendo lesões em região craniofacial, no período anterior (2018 e 2019) e durante (2020 e 2021) a pandemia da coronavírus. Métodos: foi realizada análise descritiva, por meio da frequência numérica e percentual do número de feminicídios envolvendo a região craniofacial no período de 2018 a 2021. Resultados: o número de laudos analisados de feminicídio ocorridos na Grande Vitória foi 47, sendo 24 antes e 23 durante a pandemia. Averiguou-se também que em 68,83% dos casos houve a presença de lesão craniofacial, principalmente em região do crânio e extraoral. Conclusão: não ocorreu variação significativa na prevalência de feminicídio antes e durante a pandemia do vírus SARS-CoV-2 na região da Grande Vitória, no Estado do Espírito Santo

Introduction: femicide is homicide that involves domestic and family violence, contempt or discrimination against the fact that the victim is a woman. In 2020, pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 virus was declared and, to reduce the spread of the disease, social isolation was adopted, exposing many women to a greater risk of domestic violence. Studies indicate that most traumas occur on the face, highlighting the importance of studying cases of femicide involving the oral and maxillofacial region. Purpose: to verify the prevalence of femicide, involving lesions in the craniofacial region, in the period before (2018 and 2019) and during (2020 and 2021) the coronavirus pandemic Methods: a descriptive analysis was carried out, through the numerical frequency and percentage of the number of femicides involving the craniofacial region in the period from 2018 to 2021. Results: the number of reports of femicide analyzed in Vitória was 47, with 24 before and 23 during the pandemic, with no significant variation. It was also found that in 68.83% of the total cases there was the presence of craniofacial lesion, mainly in the skull and extraoral region. Conclusion: there was no significant variation in the prevalence of femicide before and during the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic in the Grande Vitória region, in the state of Espírito Santo

Predicting mortality in neonates with gastroschisis in a Southeastern state of Brazil

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to verify risk factors associated with gastroschisis mortality in three neonatal intensive care units located in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of neonates with gastroschisis was performed between 2000 and 2018. Prenatal, perinatal, and postsurgical variables of survival or nonsurvival groups were compared using chi-square statistical test, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and logistic regression. Tests with p<0.05 were considered statistically determined. RESULTS: A total of 142 newborns were investigated. Mean maternal age, gestational age, and birth weight were lower in the group of nonsurvival (p<0.05). Poor clinical conditions during admission, complex gastroschisis, closure with silo placement, the use of blood products, surgical complications, and short bowel syndrome were more frequent in the nonsurvival group (p<0.05). Complex gastroschisis [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 3.74, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) 1.274-11.019] and short bowel syndrome (adjusted OR 7.55, 95%CI 2.177-26.225) increased the risk of death. Higher birth weight inversely reduced the risk for mortality (adjusted OR 0.99, 95%CI 0.997-1.000). CONCLUSION: Complex gastroschisis and short bowel syndrome increased the risk of death, with greater birth weight being inversely correlated with the risk of mortality. The findings of this research can contribute to the formulation of protocols to improve the quality and safety of care in order to reduce neonatal mortality associated with gastroschisis.

Influence of birthplace on gastroschisis outcomes in a state in the southeastern region of Brazil

Abstract Objective: To characterize the influence of birthplace on outcomes of patients with gastroschisis admitted to three hospitals in a state in Brazil's southeastern region, according to condition inborn (born in a reference center) or outborn (born outside the reference center). Methods: Retrospective multicenter cohort study of patients with gastroschisis. The sample size utilized was of patients admitted in three hospitals with a diagnosis of gastroschisis ICD 10 Q79.3 between January 2000 to December 2018. Patients were divided into two groups, inborn and outborn. Characteristics of prenatal, perinatal and postoperative were compared using statistical tests. The level of significance adopted was P-value < 0.05. Results: In total, 144 cases of gastroschisis were investigated. The outborn patients group had higher rates of absence of antenatal diagnosis (p = 0.001), vaginal delivery (p = 0.001), longer time between birth and abdominal wall closure surgery (p = 0.001), to silo removal (p = 0.001), to first enteral feeding (p = 0.008), for weaning from mechanical ventilation (p = 0.034), used less peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) and required more venous dissections (p = 0.001), and lower mean of serum sodium (p = 0.015). There were no differences in mortality rates and length of hospital stay between the inborn and outborn groups. Conclusion: Although outborn patients with gastroschisis were less likely to have an antenatal diagnosis and were more prone to a longer time to undergo surgical and feeding procedures, and to spend more time in mechanical ventilation, these disadvantages seemed not to reflect on the death rate and the length of hospital stay of patients from this group.

Cirurgia de transplante autógeno pela técnica imediata / Autogenous transplantation surgery through the immediate technique

O transplante dentário envolve a implantação de um dente autólogo, simultaneamente extraído, em novo alvéolo. O momento ideal para a realização deste procedimento se dá, quando o dente atinge de metade a três quartos do comprimento radicular, e o forame apical está aberto. Esse trabalho avalia um transplante autógeno utilizando a técnica convencional. Selecionou-se para tanto paciente do gênero masculino, com 15 anos de idade, com indicação de exodontia dos dentes 37 e 38. Durante exame clínico e radiográfico, observou-se que o dente 37 achava-se impactado no 36, provocando sua erupção incompleta, com possibilidade de reabsorção radicular. Propôs-se, então, o transplante dentário o qual foi realizado com o consentimento dos responsáveis legais. Após o bloqueio anestésico, incisão, descolamento do retalho, odontosecção, exodontia do 37 e limpeza, fez-se a exodontia do dente 38 que foi posicionado no alvéolo do 37, sem traumatizar a região apical permanecendo submucoso. Três meses mais tarde, teve início a erupção espontânea. Após três anos de controle clínico e radiográfico, ficou constatado que o dente transplantado estava em boas condições. Radiograficamente, as imagens sugeriram reparação, rizogênese e desenvolvimento radicular. O transplante dental, quando corretamente indicado, é uma boa alternativa terapêutica para reabilitação bucal em pacientes jovens.

A dental transplant involves, simultaneously, an autogenous tooth extraction and implant in another alveolus. The ideal moment for this procedure is when the tooth reaches between ½ and ¾ of the root length and the apical foramen is still open. This study evaluates a clinical case of an autogenous transplant using the immediate technique. A 15-year-old male patient needing extraction of teeth 37 and 38 was selected for the study. The clinical and radiographic examinations showed tooth 37 impacted on tooth 38 tooth, causing its incomplete eruption and indicating root reabsorption. During the surgical procedures tooth 37 was extracted and cleaned, after which tooth 38 was implanted in the alveolus of tooth 37 and also extracted. Afterwards, the 38 tooth was placed inside the 37 tooth alveolus, remaining in the submucosa. The foliar sac remained in place without causing trauma to the apical region. Three months later spontaneous eruption took place. After three years of clinical and radiographic follow-up, , the transplanted tooth presented a healthy condition, with the images showing bone repair and formation and development of the root. A dental transplant, when correctly indicated, turns out to be a good alternative to oral rehabilitation in young patients.