Capacitação de Enfermeiros na Estratégia Saúde da Família: análise do processo de educação permanente para o Sistema Único de Saúde / Training of Nurses in Strategy Family Health: analysis of the process of permanent education for the Single System of health

O objetivo foi analisar a formação permanente de enfermeiros que atuam na Estratégia Saúde da Família. Realizou-se um estudo observacional descritivo, transversal com 19 enfermeiros. As variáveis foram coletadas mediante um formulário estruturado. Os dados foram analisados pelo programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows (versão 18.0). Existe um percentual alto de realização de capacitação pelos enfermeiros do município avaliado, em áreas vitais da saúde pública, pois 100% dos enfermeiros possuem capacitação em Saúde da Criança/Imunização, Eliminação da Hanseníase e Controle da Tuberculose. Conclui-se que os enfermeiros buscam, por meio das capacitações oferecidas pelos órgãos competentes, a aprendizagem para transformar as práticas profissionais mediante uma contínua interação com a comunidade, no sentido de mobilizá-la e estimular sua participação.

The aim was to analyze the qualification and qualification of nurses working in the Family Health Strategy. A descriptive, cross-sectional observational study was carried out with 19 nurses. The variables were collected using a structured form. The data were analyzed by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows (version 18.0). There is a high percentage of training carried out by nurses in the municipality evaluated in vital public health areas, since 100% of nurses have training in Child Health/Immunization, Leprosy Elimination and Tuberculosis Control. It is concluded that the nurses seek, through the capacities offered by the competent bodies, the learning to transform professional practices through a continuous interaction with the community, in order to mobilize and stimulate their participation

El objetivo fue analizar la calificación y capacitación de los enfermeros que trabajan en la Estrategia Salud de la Familia. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo, transversal con 19 enfermeros. Las variables fueron recolectadas mediante un formulario estructurado. Los datos fueron analizados por el programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows (versión 18.0). En el caso de los enfermeros del municipio evaluado, en áreas vitales de la salud pública, existe un porcentaje alto de realización de capacitación por los enfermeros del municipio evaluado, pues el 100% de los enfermeros poseen capacitación en Salud del niño/Inmunización, Eliminación de la Hanseniasis y Control de la Tuberculosis. Se concluye que los enfermeros buscan, a través de las capacitaciones ofrecidas por los órganos competentes, el aprendizaje para transformar las prácticas profesionales mediante una continua interacción con la comunidad, en el sentido de movilizarla y estimular su participación

Conhecimento de enfermeiros e médicos de uma microrregião do Nordeste brasileiro sobre a vacinação infantil / Knowledge of nurses and physicians of a micro-region of Northeast Brazil on child vaccination

O objetivo foi avaliar o conhecimento de profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família de uma microrregião do Nordeste brasileiro sobre o calendário vacinal no primeiro ano de vida. Estudo descritivo, seccional com 33 médicos e 50 enfermeiros. Os dados foram processados pelo software Statistical Package for the Social Science versão 19. A maioria dos participantes (62,5%) afirmou não ter recebido treinamento para atuar em sala de vacina. Ao cruzar o conhecimento com a categoria profissional, verificou-se significância estatística para o enfermeiro (p≤0,02). Quanto aos motivos para o adiamento e às contraindicações, observou-se baixa porcentagem de acertos. Há necessidade de capacitar os profissionais responsáveis pelas imunizações, no sentido de assegurar os benefícios e a qualidade da imunização nas crianças de 1 ano.

The aim was to evaluate the knowledge of professionals of the Family Health Strategy of a micro-region of Northeast Brazil about the vaccine calendar in the first year of life. Descriptive, sectional study with 33 physicians and 50 nurses. The data were processed by the software Statistical Package for Social Science, version 19. The majority of the participants (62.5%) stated that they had not received training to work in the vaccine room. When crossing the knowledge with the professional category, statistical significance was verified for the nurse (p≤0.02). Regarding the reasons for postponement and contraindications, we observed a low percentage of correct answers. There is a need to train professionals responsible for immunizations to ensure the benefits and quality of immunization in 1-year-old children.

El objetivo fue evaluar el conocimiento de profesionales de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia de una microrregión del Nordeste brasileño sobre el calendario vacunal en el primer año de vida. Estudio descriptivo, seccional con 33 médicos y 50 enfermeros. Los datos fueron procesados por el software Statistical Package for the Social Science, versión 19. La mayoría de los participantes (62,5%) afirmó no haber recibido entrenamiento para actuar en sala de vacuna. Al cruzar el conocimiento con la categoría profesional, se verificó significancia estadística para el enfermero (p≤0,02). En cuanto a los motivos para el aplazamiento y las contraindicaciones, se observó un bajo porcentaje de aciertos. Hay necesidad de capacitar a los profesionales responsables de las inmunizaciones, para asegurar los beneficios y la calidad de la inmunización en los niños de 1 año.

Epidemiological situation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related mortality in a municipality in northeastern Brazil. A retrospective cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The number of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related deaths covers different segments of the population differently, making monitoring of this mortality essential. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological situation of AIDS-related mortality in a municipality in the northeastern region of Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective cross-sectional study based on data from death certificates in the mortality information system of the Health Information Center, Municipal Health Foundation, Brazil. METHODS: Between 2003 and 2013, we investigated death certificates on which AIDS-related mortality was reported. Sociodemographic data, year, place, type of establishment where death occurred and underlying and associated causes that led to AIDS-related death were described. The Mann-Kendall test was used to verify the growth trend of the standardized mortality rate over the period studied. RESULTS: Among the 1,066 AIDS-related deaths, 69.7% were among men; 47.2% of the individuals were 28-41 years of age, 32.7% had had 4-7 years of schooling, 66.9% were pardos (mixed race), 55.7% were unmarried and 15.3% were housekeepers. Hospitals were the site of 97% of the deaths, and 91% occurred at public hospitals. Respiratory failure was the main cause of death. The prevalence of infectious and parasitic diseases was 99.0%. AIDS-related mortality increased by 160% over the period studied, from 5.5/100,000 inhabitants in 2003 to 14.3/100,000 in 2013. CONCLUSION: In the Brazilian municipality studied here, AIDS-related mortality was most prevalent among men and young adults of lower socioeconomic level. Over the period studied, the mortality rate increased.

Efeitos da Suplementação Alimentar com Whey Protein e Leucina em Ratos Normais / Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Whey Protein and Leucine in Normal Mice

O uso indiscriminado de suplementos proteicos e à base de aminoácidos tem despertado o interesse em avaliar possíveis efeitos prejudiciais à saúde associados à ingestão de doses excessivas, especialmente sobre a função renal. O objetivo foi avaliar o efeito da suplementação alimentar com whey protein e leucina sobre a função renal, parâmetros metabólicos e massa corporal de ratos sob condições fisiológicas. Rattus norvegicus, pesando 327±24g foram distribuídos em cinco grupos (n=5-7/grupo) e alimentados com ração comercial e água ad libitum e tratados v.o com whey protein nas doses de 0,45 e 1,8 g/kg/dia (WP1 e WP2), leucina 0,675 e 1,35 g/kg/dia (LEU1 e LEU2), ou água (controle C). A suplementação foi feita por gavagem, diluindo-se os suplementos em água destilada em volume de 10 mL/kg. Após quatro semanas, amostras de sangue foram obtidas e processadas para dosagens bioquímicas de creatinina, ureia, triglicérides, colesterol total e frações e glicemia de jejum. Para avaliação estatística, utilizou-se ANOVA seguida de pós-teste Tukey, com nível de significância de 5%. Houve ganho de peso em WP2 e LEU2 e menor consumo alimentar em WP1, WP2 e LEU1. Não houve aumento dos níveis de creatinina e ureia plasmática, indicativos de disfunção renal. Foi observada redução estatisticamente significativa de triglicérides, colesterol total e glicemia de jejum em LEU1 quando comparado ao controle, p<0,05. Não houve interferência dos tratamentos sobre as frações LDL-c e HDL-c. A suplementação alimentar com whey protein e leucina não resultou em danos renais. A leucina na dose de 0,675 g/Kg promoveu melhor perfil metabólico.(AU)

The indiscriminate use of protein supplements and amino acid base has aroused the interest in evaluating possible detrimental health effects associated with the ingestion of excessive doses, especially on renal function. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with whey protein and leucine on renal function, metabolic parameters and body mass of mice under physiological conditions. Rattus norvegicus, weighing 327 ± 24g were divided into five groups (n = 5-7 / group) and fed with commercial feed and water ad libitum and whey protein at doses of 0.45 and 1.8 g / kg / day (WP1 and WP2), leucine 0.675 and 1.35 g / kg / day (Leu1 and LEU2) or water (control C). The supplement was provided by gavage, diluting supplements in distilled water at a concentration of 10 ml / kg. After four weeks, blood samples were obtained and analyzed for biochemical levels of creatinine, urea, triglycerides, total cholesterol and fractions and fasting glucose. For statistical analysis, ANOVA followed by Tukey post-test at 5% significance level was used. There was weight gain in WP2 and LEU2 and lower food consumption in WP1, WP2 and Leu1. There was no increase in creatinine and urea plasma levels, indicative of renal dysfunction. There was a statistically significant reduction of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and fasting glucose in Leu1 when compared to the control, p <0.05. There was no interference of treatment on LDL-C and HDL-C fractions. Supplementing with whey protein and leucine did not result in kidney damage. Leucine at a dose of 0.675 g / kg led to improved metabolic profile.(AU)