RESUMEN
Background: Less favored social classes usually have more unhealthy life-styles and a more difficult access to Health Resources. Aim: To study the possible association between poverty and some common diseases, in a population of postmenopausal women. Material and Methods: Four hundred and forty nine poor women aged 56 ± 12 years and 776 consecutive women aged 53 ± 12 years, answered a personal interview about their lifestyles and medications used. Their medical records were reviewed and they were subjected to a complete physical examination, including weight and height measurement. A fasting blood sample was also obtained. Poverty was defined according to criteria of the Spanish National Institute of Statistics that is based on the income in Euros and the number of family members that share such income. Results: A higher proportion of poor women live in rural areas. They were shorter, had a higher weight and thus a higher body mass index, smoked less and drank less alcohol than their non-poor counterparts drink. The consumption of caffeine, the actual calcium intake and the physical activity during leisure time was similar in both groups. Compared with their counterparts, poor women had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (15.9 and 10.1 percent respectively, p = < 0.01), obesity (44.2 and 24.3 percent respectively, p < 0.01) hypertension (24.3 and 16.4 percento respectively, p<0.01) and autoimmune rheumatic diseases (7.8 and 4.8 percent> respectively, p = 0.03). A multiple logistic regression model showed that obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, alcohol consumption and living in rural areas, were independently associated to poverty. Conclusions: Poor postmenopausal women have a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus, obesity, autoimmune rheumatic diseases and hypertension and lower frequency of smoking and alcohol consumption than their affluent counterparts do.