Experiencia de educación continua en línea en gastroenterología para médicos no especialistas / Experience of continuing online education in gastroenterology for non specialist medical doctors

Background: Continuing education is essential for health professions and online courses can be a good way for professional development. Aim: To describe the experience with online courses for continuing education in hepatology and gastroenterology and to analyze their educational impact. Material and Methods: A three years' experience in courses on liver diseases and digestive tract is described. Their curricular design, methodology, and the educational impact was analyzed using the four levels of the Kirkpatrick's model. Results: On average, there were 321 students per course (2015-2017). 94% were Chilean and 6% from abroad (20 countries). In the educational impact analysis, in level 1 "reaction": 93% said that the course fulfilled their expectations and 92% would recommend it. In level 2 "learning": 42% approved the courses. Level 3 "behavior" was not evaluated and level 4 "organizational change" highlighted that the traditional face-to-face continuing education model of Chilean Gastroenterology Society (SChG) changed to full distance model in these three courses, with 1284 students from South America, Asia and Europe, in a 3-years-period. Additionally, these programs were included in the Medical Society of Santiago (SMS) continuing education agenda. Conclusions: The alliance between the SMS and the SChG generated on line courses that meet the educational needs of physicians and medical students, with excellent results and student perception.

Neumonía bacterémica por Neisseria meningitidis: primer caso reportado en Chile y revisión bibliográfica / Neisseria meningitidis pneumonia. a case report

Few cases of bacteremic pneumonia by Neisseria meningitidis (NM) have been described worldwide; mostly in elderly patients or those with comorbidities. They appear clinically indistinguishable from other acute infectious pneumoniae, that do not develope the syndrome of meningococcemia. We report a 17-years-old male, without prior medical history, consulting in the emergency department with a 7-day history of productive cough, right pleural pain, fever and dyspnea. He was admitted to the ICU due to septic shock and respiratory distress. He was managed with vasoactive drugs and prone positioning ventilation for 48 hours. Chest radiography showed a right superior lobe condensation. The electrocardiogram and echocardiogram suggested septic myocarditis. Blood cultures demonstrated the presence of serogroup W135-NM. A lumbar puncture ruled out meningitis, and a 10-day ceftriaxone therapy was completed favorably.

Apneas e infecciones en lactantes / Apnea and infections in infants

Infections are a frequent cause of apnea in infants, involving both respiratory and extrarrespiratory systems. In the first group we find upper respiratory infections and lower respiratory infections caused by virus or bacteria such as Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Parainfluenza and Bordetella pertussis; in the second group urinary tract infections and severe infections such as meningitis and sepsis are of importance. In this article we analyze different causes of infections attributed to apnea, taking into account existing literature at the time.

Las infecciones son una frecuente causa de apneas en lactantes, pudiendo involucrar tanto el sistema respiratorio como extrarrespiratorio. En el primero encontramos las infecciones respiratorias altas y/o bajas producidas tanto por virus como bacterias, donde destacan Virus Respiratorio Sincicial, Parainfluenza y Bordetella Pertussis; en el segundo grupo son de importancia la infección urinaria e infecciones graves como meningitis y sepsis. En este artículo se analizan estas distintas causas infecciosas atribuidas a eventos de apneas en lactantes, en consideración a la literatura actualmente existente.