Ultrasonographyical Study of Kidneys Length Correlation in Various Clinical Stages of Chronic Type II Diabetes

The aim of the study was to use ultrasound imaging technique to differentiate between acute and chronic kidney diseases in type 2 diabetes. The renal length of left and right kidneys was compared and a detailed documentation was made. The study was carried out in Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. Our study included adult male and female population who were known case of Diabetes Mellitus, above 18 years of age and biochemically diagnosed for nephropathy. All patients were subjected to ultrasonography evaluation of the renal parenchymal thickness and the findings were documented

Study of chronic sinusitis to radiological and diagnostic nasal endoscopic examination findings

Introduction: Nasal polyposis is an inflammatory condition of varied etiology, of which fungal etiology is an important cause. Allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) now is believed to be an allergic reaction to aerosolized environmental fungi in an immunocompetent host. Aim and objectives: To determine the incidence of fungal etiology in the patients presenting with nasal polyps and correlate the histopathological findings with microbiological fungal cultures. Materials and methods: This study has been carried out over a period of 2 years from July 2014 to June 2016 in the Department of Pathology, Gandhi Hospital. Histopathological sections of resected nasal polyps from 52 patients were studied for the presence of fungi and results correlated with fungal cultures done in Department of Microbiology. Results: Majority of the polyps were unilateral 92% (48), seen in males 54% (28), most common in 3 rd decade 27% (14). Histologically, 80% (40) of cases showed eosinophils and 23% of cases (12) showed presence of fungal hyphae. Fungal culture was positive in 34.6% (18 cases) with Aspergillus being the most common comprising 21% (11 cases). Others were candida pseudotropicalis 1.9% (1 case), Rhizopus 5.7% (3 cases), Mucor 3.8% (2 cases), and penicillium 1.9% (1 case). Conclusion: The incidence of fungal etiology in nasal polyps is significantly higher in our study compared to the west. Hence it is crucial to look for the presence of fungus in nasal polyps before administering treatment as use of antifungal therapy will benefit patients and prevent recurrence