In-hospital delay to primary angioplasty for patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction between cardiac specialized hospitals and non-specialized hospitals in Beijing, China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Evidence indicates that early reperfusion therapy in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) reduces complications. This study was undertaken to compare the in-hospital delay to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) for patients with STEMI between specialized hospitals and non-specialized hospitals in Beijing, China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two specialized hospitals and fifteen non-specialized hospitals capable of performing PPCI were selected to participate in this study. A total of 308 patients, within 12 hours of the onset of symptoms and undergoing PPCI between November 1, 2005 and December 31, 2006 were enrolled. Data were collected by structured interview and review of medical records.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median in-hospital delay was 98 (interquartile range 105 to 180) minutes, and 16.9% of the patients were treated within 90 minutes. Total in-hospital delay and ECG-to-treatment decision-making time were longer in the non-specialized hospitals than in the cardiac specialized hospitals (147 minutes vs. 120 minutes, P < 0.001; 55 minutes vs. 45 minutes, P = 0.035). After controlling the confounding factors, the non-specialized hospitals were independently associated with an increased risk of being in the upper median of in-hospital delays.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There were substantial in-hospital delays between arrival at the hospital and the administration of PPCI for patients with STEMI in Beijing. Patients admitted to the cardiac specialized hospitals had a shorter in-hospital delay than those to the non-specialized hospitals because of a shorter time of ECG-to-treatment decision-making.</p>

Effects of socioeconomic status on the distribution of cardiovascular risk factors and clinical treatments of patients with acute myocardial infarction in Beijing / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effects of socioeconomic status on the distribution of cardiovascular risk factors and clinical treatments of patients with acute myocardial infarction in Beijing.Methods In Beijing, a prospective, muhi-center, registration study was carried out which including 800 patients who were consecutively hospitalized for ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction within 24 hours after event attack in 19 different hospitals in Beijing between November, 2005 and December, 2006.Indicators of socioeconomic status included self-reported personal income (＜500, 500-2000,＞2000 RMB/month), educational attainment (≤ 12 and ＞ 12 years) and status of medical insurance (yes/no).According to categories of education, patients were categorized into two groups of lower socioeconomic status and higher socioeconomic status. Differences of cardiovascular risk factors and clinical treatments were compared across the two groups respectively. Results Proportion of diabetes and hyperlipidemia in patients with higher socioeconomic status was much higher than that of patients with lower socioeconomic status (P＜0.05, P＜0.01 respectively). Patients with lower socioeconomic status were more likely to be smokers (P ＜0.05). The rates of receiving coronary angiography and PTCA were much lower in patients with lower socioeconomic status. Medical insurance and income were the most important two socioeconomic factors determining the use of PTCA. Conclusion Compared to patients with lower socioeconomic status,patients with higher socioeconomic status had higher rates of hyperlipidemia and diabetes but lower smoking rate among cardiovascular risk factors. The rates of receiving interventional therapies were much lower in patients with lower socioeconomic status.

Effect of low-dose folate treatment on plasma homocystyeine and chemokine levels in patients with hyperhomocysteinemia / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of low-dose folate on plasma homocysteinemia (Hcy) and chemokine levels in patients with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty HHcy patients were treated with 0.8 mg/d folate for 6 months. Plasma levels of Hcy, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin-8 (IL-8), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured before and after folate treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Plasma level of Hcy significantly decreased after folate treatment [(57.1 +/- 18.0) micromol/L vs (25.8 +/- 12.0) micromol/L, P <0.05]. However, the plasma levels of MCP-1, IL-8, SOD, and MDA were not changed after folate treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Folate treatment can decrease the plasma Hcy level in HHcy patients; however, it has no obvious effects on the chemokine levels.</p>

Effectiveness and safety of nadroparin in acute coronary syndrome / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) used in acute management of patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (ACS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 102 patients with non-ST segment elevation ACS were treated for at least 48 hours ( > or =5 times) with subcutaneous nadroparin (1 mg/kg each 12 hours). All 102 patients underwent coronary angiographies (CAG) within 8 hours after LMWH injection, followed by immediate percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Anti-Xa activity at the time of catheterization was (0.62 +/- 0.18) IU/ml, and 90% of the patients had anti-Xa activity > 0.5 IU/ml. No death, myocardial infarction relapse or emergent revascularization occurred after PCI. Thrombosis and/or embolism occurred in 2 patients (3.5%) during PCI. Mild hemorrhage was observed in 4 patients (3.9%) of PCI group and in 2 patients (4.4%) in CAG group. No major hemorrhage occurred.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PCI within 8-12 hours of the last dose after > or =48 hours nadroparin subcutaneous injection seems to be effective and safe.</p>

Effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha on differentiation of mesencephalic neural stem cells and proliferation of oligodendrocytes in the rat / 生理学报

To observe the influence of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on differentiation of rat mesencephalic neural stem cells (NSCs), the numbers of neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes generated from NSCs were analyzed after differentiation for 3 days by using immunocytochemistry technique. The results show that: (1) TNF-alpha enhanced the proportions of neurons and oligodendrocytes in progeny of NSCs; and (2) TNF-alpha induced the proliferation of oligodendrocytes derived from NSCs, but the proliferation of astrocytes was not influenced by TNF-alpha. We conclude that the TNF-alpha could influence the application of NSCs.

Effects of CNTF on the nuclear translocation of PKC following NMDA administration in primary hippocampal neurons / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the effect of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) on the nuclear translocation of protein kinase C (PKC) following NMDA administration in the primary cultured hippocampal neurons.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>(1) PKCGAMMA or PKCepsilon- immunocytochemistry staining method was used after treating neurons with NMDA or CNTF. (2) The gray of the nucleus of the PKC-positive neurons were measured under the image pattern analysis system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) After NMDA administration of different concentration and time, Nucleus appear PKCgamma and PKCepsilon activities, especially the 100 micromol/L NMDA 30 min group. (2) The gray of nucleus in CNTF + 500 micromol/L NMDA group is similar to control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>NMDA can induce nuclear translocation of PKC in the primary cultured hippocampal neurons, and CNTF can inhibit the translocation. It suggests that the inhibition of PKC translocation induced by NMDA is one of the important reasons for the neuro-protective effects of CNTF.</p>

Experimental study of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide on relieving brain edema induced by ischemia in rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>In order to study the effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide(PACAP) on brain edema induced by ischemia in rats and its underlying receptor mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Brain ischemia model in rats was established by ligaturing four--vessels. The percentage ratio of wet over dry tissue weight, sodium and potassium contents of dry brain tissue were measured by weighing and enzymatic analysis methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The brain water contents significantly increased after rats exposed to 1 h of reperfusion following 30 - minute ischemia. Furthermore, sodium contents in brain tissue increased and potassium contents decreased following perfusion. Changes of brain water contents, sodium and potassium contents were relieved by lateral ventricular injection of PACAP in the concentration of 1 x 10(-9), 1 x 10(-10) or 1 x 10(-11) mol respectively before ischemia. The effect of PACAP could be blocked by MCAP6 - 38 (specific type I PACAP receptor antagonist) lateral ventricular injection prior to PACAP administration.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Exogenous PACAP may act as a protective effect in brain edema induced by ischemia in rats, which is mediated by type I receptor.</p>

Effect of CART55-102 protein vaccine on morphine analgesia and tolerance / 第二军医大学学报

0.05).CART vaccine at 10?g significantly depressed the analgesic effect of morphine analgesia (P