Optimization of SRAP-PCR System for Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia and Primer Screening / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To establish the sequence-related amplified polymorphism （SRAP）-polymerase chain reaction （PCR） system for <italic>Valeriana officinalis</italic> var. <italic>latifolia</italic>，so as to lay the theoretical and technical foundations for the breeding of<italic> V. officinalis </italic>var. <italic>latifolia</italic>. Method:Single factor test was applied to investigate the effects of <italic>Taq</italic> Mix dose，Mg²⁺concentration，template DNA concentration，and <italic>Taq </italic>DNA polymerase content on SRAP-PCR amplification of <italic>V. officinalis </italic>var. <italic>latifolia</italic>，based on which the orthogonal experiments were performed to optimize the SRAP-PCR system for <italic>V. officinalis </italic>var. <italic>latifolia</italic>. The effective primers that could be used for genetic diversity studies of <italic>V. officinalis</italic> var. <italic>latifolia </italic>were selected under the optimal reaction condition. Result:The results of the single factor test showed that <italic>Taq </italic>Mix dose within the range of 8-11 μL resulted in better amplification. The addition of a low concentration of Mg²⁺，the medium to low concentrations of template DNA，or the low concentration of <italic>Taq</italic> DNA polymerase enhanced the amplification efficiency or richness. As demonstrated by the orthogonal experiments，the influencing degrees of related factors on SRAP-PCR amplification of <italic>V. officinalis</italic> var. <italic>latifolia </italic>were sorted in a descending order as follows： <italic>Taq</italic> Mix dose><italic>Taq</italic> DNA polymerase content>Mg²⁺ concentration>template DNA concentration. The optimal reaction system for <italic>V. officinalis</italic> var. <italic>latifolia </italic>was determined to consist of 11 μL of <italic>Taq</italic> Mix，30 ng of template DNA，0.025 mmol·L^-1Mg²⁺，1.5 U<italic> </italic>of<italic> Taq </italic>DNA polymerase，5 μmol·L^-1 forward primer，and 5 μmol·L^-1 reverse primer，which was supplemented to 20 μL with ddH₂O. The optimal annealing temperature was 36.8 ℃. A total of 17 pairs of effective primers with high band resolution and polymorphism were selected from 88 primer pairs for SRAP-PCR of <italic>V. officinalis</italic> var. <italic>latifolia</italic>. Conclusion:The established SRAP-PCR system for <italic>V. officinalis</italic> var. <italic>latifolia</italic> is stable， which can be used for genetic diversity studies of <italic>V. officinalis</italic> var. <italic>latifolia</italic>.

Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and control measures of trichinellosis in China: an overview / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Trichinellosis is a worldwide zoonotic parasitic disease, which may infect humans and a wide range of animals, including carnivores, herbivores and even birds. Humans get infections through ingestion of raw or semi-cooked meat or meat products containing live Trichinella larvae. Currently, this zoonosis is predominantly prevalent in southwestern, northeastern and central parts of China, which poses a great threat to human health and socioeconomic development. In addition, the emergent public health hazards caused by trichinellosis outbreaks greatly threaten human health and social stability. This review describes the current status, diagnosis, treatment and control measures of trichinellosis in China, so as to provide insights into trichinellosis control in the country.

Effects of meteorological elements on admission rates of cerebral infarction patients with hypertensive nephropathy from nine hospitals in Changchun city, Jilin Province / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>It is well recognized that meteorological factors have important infuences on the onset and development of many kinds of diseases. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of the meteorological elements on admission rates of cerebral infarction patients with hypertensive nephropathy at Changchun city, Jilin Province, northeast China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 763 medical records of inpatients from nine hospitals at Changchun city, during a period from April 6 to April 17 in 2010, were reviewed. These patients were admitted to hospitals due to the occurrence of cerebral infarction. The hypertensive nephropathy was evidenced with certain diagnosis of essential hypertension and hypertension-related kidney injuries. The cerebral infarction was diagnosed according to the World Health Organization (Stroke) standard. All the meteorological data were from practical monitoring records in Jilin Province Meteorological Observatory. The relationships between the epidemiological prevalence of cerebral infarction and meteorological variables were analyzed using the time series models of statistics.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with admission rates before the violent change in meteorological status (April 6 to April 17, 2010), the number of admission patients suffering from cerebral infarction remarkably peaked on April 12. Such an increase was highly correlated with heavy precipitation, elevation of daily average relative humidity, and reduction of average daily air temperature. With the betterment of the meteorological conditions on April 17, the admission rates of cerebral infarction patients dropped to the same level as the dates before snowing (April 6 to April 11).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The meteorological changes are highly associated with the occurrence of cerebral infarction in patients with hypertensive renal injury in northeast China. This study also suggested that an intensive medical interference for those patients with hypertension-induced organ injuries is very necessary in preventing the occurrence of cerebral infarction with hypertensive nephropathy when there is a violent change in meteorological condition.</p>