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Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the postoperative pulmonary function in patients undergoing laparoscopic operation.Methods Eighty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 45-64 yr,weighing 45-70 kg,undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer,were divided into 2 groups (n =40 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) and dexmedetomidine group (group Dex).General anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia was used.In group Dex,dexmedetonidine was intravenously infused as a bolus of 0.3 μg/kg over 10 min after epidural catheterization and before induction of general anesthesia,followed by an infusion of O.4 μg · kg-1 · h-1 starting from the end of tracheal intubation until 30 min before the end of operation.The equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group C.After epidural catheterization and before infusion of dexmedetomidine (T0),immediately before termination of pneumoperitoneum (T1) and at 1,6 and 24 h after operation (T2-4),blood samples were taken from the peripheral vein for determination of concentrations of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6),IL-10,tumor necrosis factor-alpha and malondialdehyde,and arterial blood gas analysis was performed simultaneously.Respiratory index and oxygenation index (OI) were calculated,and the occurrence of OI ≤ 300 mmHg was recorded.Results Compared with group C,the serum IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations and respiratory index were significantly decreased,and IL-1O concentrations and OI were increased at T1-4,and malondialdehyde concentrations were decreased at T1-3,and the incidence of OI ≤ 300 mmHg was decreased in group Dex (P＜0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can inhibit inflammatory responses and improve the postoperative pulmonary function in patients undergoing laparoscopic operation.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on postoperative intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients with severe brain injury.MethodsNinety ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients with severe brain injury,aged 19-64 yr,with Glasgow coma scale 3-7,undergoing emergency craniotomy,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =30 each):control group (group C) and 2 different doses of dexmedetomidine groups (groups D1,D2 ).Anesthesia was induced with propofol 1.5-2.0 mg/kg,fentanyl 4 μg/kg and vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg and maintained with iv infusion of propofol and remifentanil and intermittent iv boluses of vecuronium.The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation.Dexmedetomidine 0.3 and 0.7 μg· kg- 1· h- 1 were infused after tracheal intubation in groups D1 and D2 respectively and the infusion was maintained for 48 h.ICP was monitored after operation and maintained ＜ 30 mm Hg by iv injection of hexadecadrol,mannitol and glycerol fructose within 2 d after operation.Venous blood samples were obtained from peripheral vein after anesthesia induction and at 6,12 and 24 h after operation (T0-3) for determination of sertum IL-1β and TNF-α concentrations by ELISA.The clinical results were evaluated using Glasgow prognosis score at 3 months after operation.The amount of hexadecadrol,mannitol and glycerol fructose consumed during 2 d after operation was recorded.ResultsCompared with T0,serum IL-1βand TNF-α concentrations were significantly higher at T1-3 in the three groups ( P ＜ 0.05).The serum IL-1β and TNF-α concentrations at T1-3 and the amount of hexadecadrol,mannitol and glycerol fructose consumed were significantly lower,and the clinical results were significant better in groups D1 and D2 than in group C,and in group D2 than in group D1 ( P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionDexmedetomidine can reduce postoperative ICP in patients with severe brain injury in a dose-dependent manner which is helpful for improving prognosis.The decrease in IL-1β and TNF-α levels and inhibition of inflammatory response may be involved in the mechanism.
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Objective To evaluate the incidence of postanesthetic shivering in patients undergoing radical operation for lung cancer under dexmedetomidine-assisted anesthesia.Methods Eighty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 50-75 yr,height 158-180 cm,weighing 48-79 kg,scheduled for radical operation for lung cancer under general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia,were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n =40 each): normal saline control group (group C) and dexmedetomidine group(group D).Anesthesia was induced with midazolam,fentanyl,propofol and rocuronium.The patients were tracheal intubated and mechanically ventilated.Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane inhalation and intermittent epidural ropivacaine.BIS was maintained at 40-55.Group D received dexmedetomidine intravenous infusion at 0.5 μg · kg- 1· h- 1 from immediately after tracheal intubation until 1 h before the end of operation,and group C received the equal volume of normal saline.The shivering within 1 h after operation was scored and recorded.Results The incidence rate of postanesthetic shivering was 50％ in group C and 10％ in group D.Compared with group C,the incidence rate and degree of shivering were decreased in group D( P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine-assisted anesthesia can reduce the incidence of postanesthetic shivering in patients undergoing radical operation for lung cancer.
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Objective To investigate the effect of preemptive analgesia with parecoxib sodium on postoperative cognitive junction in the elderly patients.Methods Sixty ASA ⅠorⅡ patients aged 69-83 yr weighing 47-73 kg undergoing elective operation on the femoral head or hip joint were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=30 each):control group (group C) and parecoxib group (group P).Their preoperative mini-mental state examination scores were more than 23.Parecoxib sodium 40 mg in 5 ml normal saline was injected iv before induction of anesthesia in group P. Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with fentanyl and tramadol was used in all patients. VAS score was maintained ≤3. If VAS score was more than 3, a bolus of fentanyl 0.2 μg/kg was given iv.Venous blood samples were taken at 1 day before and 1, 4, 24 and 72 h after operation for determination of plasma concentrations of cortisol.Cognitive function was assessed by mini-mental state examination. The total amount of fentanyl and tramadol consumed was recorded. Results Plasma cortisol concentrations and incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction were significantly lower and the total amount of fentanyl and tramadol consumed was smaller in group P than in group C.Conclusion Preemptive analgesia with parecoxib sodium 40 mg can reduce the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the elderly patients.