RESUMEN
Objective To investigate the expression of metastasis associated gene-1 (mag-1) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in rectal cancer, and its correlation with clinical pathology. Methods The expressions of mag-1 and mTOR in 60 rectal cancer tissue, 30 adenoma tissues and 10 normal rectal tissues were detected by immunohistochemical method, and the correlation between the expression levels and rectal cancer clinical pathologic characteristics was discussed. Results The positive expression rates of mag-1 and mTOR in rectal cancer tissue were significantly higher than those in normal rectal tissue and adenoma tissue:55%(33/60) vs. 1/10 and 27%(8/30), 58%(35/60) vs. 2/10 and 30% (9/30), and there were statistical differences (P 0.05). The correlation analysis result showed that the expressions of mag-1 and mTOR were positively correlated in rectal cancer tissue (r=0.730, P<0.01). Conclusions The mag-1 and mTOR may correlate with invasion and metastasis in rectal cancer, and monitoring mag-1 and mTOR expression has a certain value for determining biological behavior of rectal cancer.
RESUMEN
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rh-BNP) combined with levosimendan on acute myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure.Methods Patients who suffered from anterior wall acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with heart failure (KillipⅡ ～ Ⅲ) within 12 to 24 hours after the onset of chest pain were randomized into two groups: the control group (n=30, receiving dobutamine and/or cedilanid) and the experimental group (n=30, receiving rh-BNP combined with levosimendan).The hemodynamics, parameters of laboratory tests and adverse events were observed before and after treatment.Results The experimental group showed that the respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), arterial blood gas oxygen saturation (SaO2), cardiac index (CI), extravascular lung water index (EVLWI) were significantly different between 2 h and sequential time points after treatment and pre-treatment (allP＜0.05).The control group showed that RR, HR, SaO2, CI, EVLWI were significantly different between 6 h and sequential time points after treatment and pre-treatment (P＜0.05 for all).There were significant differences in RR, HR, SBP, SaO2, CI, EVLWI at 2 h and 6 h after treatment between the two groups (P＜0.05 for all).Parameters of RR, HR, CI, EVLWI at 72 h after treatment had differences between the experimental group and controls.Patients in the experimental group presented larger urine volume, lower level of plasma NT-pro BNP, higher left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and shorter length of stay in CCU as compared with patients in the control group (P＜0.05 for all).In adverse events monitoring in hepatic parameters, electrolyte level and coagulation function before and after treatment, there was no significant difference between the two groups.Conclusions Compared with the conventional treatment, the combination therapy with rh-BNP and levosimendon can improve the hemodynamics, increase the urine volume, decrease the level of plasma NT-proBNP and elevate LVEF significantly, so as to improve the clinical symptoms and shorten the hospital stay in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure.
RESUMEN
Objective There are a few reports on rats with spontaneous congenital cataract in China .The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphological changes of lens in rats with spontaneous congenital cataract . Methods 24 d, 1-year rats with cataract and microphthalmos cataract and normal rats (n=5) were selected as research objects .Their lens were observed by a slit lamp microscope and taken photos in front of them , followed by examination through light micrograph and transmission electron micros-copy. Results Rats with microphthalmos cataract showed narrowed palpebral fissure and broaden nucleus while rats with cataract showed normal palpebral fissure and narrowed nucleus .As for 24 d,1-year rats with microphthalmos cataract , the fibers of their lens showed derangement and vacuole-like degeneration by light microscope , in addition, the abnormal connection between fiber cells were observed by electron microscopy .As for 1-year normal rats , the fibers were in consistent structure and regular arrangement without cell ingredient . Conclusion The appearance and morphological changes of the lens in rats with spontaneous congenital cataracts are in consistence with the pathological changes of cataracts , which is appli-cable in further research on the pathogenesis of cataract .
RESUMEN
Objective To investigate the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog gene (PTEN) and 1-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) in rectal cancer and its correlation with clinical pathology.Methods MaxVisionTM immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expressions of PTEN and PI3K in 60 rectal cancer tissues,30 adenoma tissues and 10 normal rectal tissues,and the correlation between the expression levels and its clinicopathologic characteristics was discussed.Results The positive expression rate of PTEN in rectal cancer tissue was significantly lower than that in normal rectal tissue and adenoma tissue [43.3％ (26/60) vs.100.0％ (10/10),93.3％ (28/30),P ＜ 0.05].The positive expression rate of PI3K in rectal cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in normal rectal tissue and adenoma tissue [75.0％ (45/60) vs.30.0％ (3/10),33.3％ (10/30),P ＜ 0.05].The positive expression of PTEN and PI3K were correlated with carcinoembryonic antigen,degree of cell differentiation,TNM stage,lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis(P＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05 ),but had no correlation with age,gender,neoplasm location,neoplasm appearance (P ＞ 0.05).The correlated analysis showed that the positive expression of PTEN had negative correlation with PI3K (r =-0.269,P =0.023 ).Conclusions The high expression of PI3K and down regulation of PTEN in rectal cancer are closely related to its invasion and metastasis.There are some values to monitor PTEN and PI3K expression for determining biological behavior of rectal cancer.
RESUMEN
Colorectal cancer is the third high incidence of tumor in the world,and liver is one of the most common sites of distant metastasis.Liver metastasis accounts for 50％-75％ in distant metastasis.Only about 10％ -15％ of patients are candidates for resection,and the recurrence is easy.Selective internal radiation therapy is a new type of radiotherapy.It is partial and liver-targeted.For unresectable colorectal liver metastasis,selective internal radiation therapy alone or in combination with other therapies can reduce cancer focus,prolong the survival,and maybe improve overall survival.
RESUMEN
Neoadjuvant therapy has been gradually applied to the treatment of colorectal liver metastasis in recent years. Many clinic researches indicate neoadjuvent chemotherapy, neoadjuvent radiotherapy and neoadjuvent chemoradiotherapy can improve surgical reaction rate and radical rate of colorectal liver metastasis,and can shrink the primary tumor and metastasis, improve the resection rate and sphincter preservation rate, and reduce the recurrence rate of locally advanced lower rectal cancer. Neoadjuvent therapy has great clinical practical value in the multi-modality treatment for colorectal metastasis.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The emphasis for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases is to detect correlated risk factors. Among those accepted risk factors, whether serum uric acid (SUA) plays an independent role in the development of diseases is unknown.OBJECTIVE: To study SUA distribution and the prevalence of hyperuricemia, in middle-aged and elderly residents from the conjoining area between city and countryside in Guangzhou, and its association with other cardiovascular disease risk factors.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.SETTING: Department of Cardiovascular internal medicine, Prevention and Health department, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.PARTICIPANTS: An investigation on the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases was carriedout among total 890 residents living at the conjoining area between city and countryside in Guangzhou in December 2002. A total of 642 persons including 152 men and 490 women who were above 55years and had complete data were involved, and all of them understood and agreed to the investigation.the-spot investigation. Systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, body height and body mass were measured, and then body mass index [body mass (kg)/body height (m)2] was calculated. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride and total cholesterol were measured by endpoint method; SUA was measured by uricolase turbidimetric method.were defined as hyperuricemia. Diagnosis of hypertension was made according to the WHO/ISH 1999 Prevention and Cure Guidelines of Hypertension. Various kinds of dyslipidemia were diagnosed based on Prevention and Cure suggestions of dyslipidemia for Chinese (1997). Obesity was defined, according to 2002 International Obesity Special Working Group'skewness distribution and described by Median ± quartile. Spearson correlation analysis was used to determine the dependability between SUA and other selected cardiovascular risk factors. Binary Logistic regression analysis was done for further analysis.SUA and other cardiovascular risk factors.terolemia and hypertriglyceridemia in men and women were 30.3%, 30.8%;were (357.30±66.77) and (299.80±59.64) μmol/L respectively. SUA level was positive correlated with age in women (r=0.18, P ＜ 0.01), but was not of SUA in men were 293.53, 357.30, 427.08 (μmol/L), and in women were 247.60, 299.80, 366.88 (μmol/L). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglyceride, blood pressure and body mass index were positively associated with SUA, while high-density lipoprootein cholesteral was negtive correlated with SUA. In both men and women, triglyceride, total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure and body mass index were positively correlated with SUA significantly (r=0.09-0.35, P ＜ 0.05-0.01), but highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol was negatively correlated with SUA significantly (r=-0.21, -0.25, P ＜ 0.05, 0.01); diastolic blood pressure in men and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in women were positively correincluded to Logistic regression equation were age, body mass index and triglyceride [OR (95%CI): 1.048 (1.023-1.073), P=0.000; OR (95%CI): 1.156(1.096-1.219), P=0.000; OR (95%CI): 1.436 (1.224-1.684), P=0.000].uricemia is correlated with hypertension and various kinds of dyslipidemia.The elevation of SUA may be an important marker of cardiovascular dismay affect SUA mostly, and increase the risk for hyperuricemia.
RESUMEN
This paper mainly discusses that the theory of toxic pathogen is a significant part in nosazontology of TCM. The paper explains the meaning of toxic evil and argues toxic pathogen as an independent factor in TCM pathogen. Meanwhile, it discusses the characteristics of disease induced toxic pathogen from aspects of onset and symptoms and signs. Toxic evil includes biologic toxic evil, physical and chemical toxic evil and endogenous toxic evil. Toxic pathogen with some infectivity can cause disease intermixing with other six evils, and it can cause disease rapidly or become latent evil. The symptoms and signs are characterized by nontypical symptoms and inapparent yin-yang and cold-heat attribute in the initial stage. Toxic pathogen can cause patho-products as blood stasis, lump, and sputum. It can affect different zangfu according to different kinds of toxin. Diseases induced by toxic pathogen are obstinate and can cause extensive inner damage.
RESUMEN
Objective To investigate the expression of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases in active Mooren's ulcer corneas.Methods An indirect immunofluorescent technique was used to visualize the presence of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2,3,9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1,2 in active Mooren's ulcer corneas from 6 patients and normal human corneas from 4 corpses.The results were further analyzed by an image-processing system.Results Only TIMP1,2 were detected in normal corneal epithelium while MMP-1,2,3,9,and TIMP-1,2 all were found in Mooren's ulcer corneas.MMP-2,TIMP-2 expressed in epithelium,MMP-3 expressed in stroma,MMP-1,9,and TIMP-1 expressed in both epithelium and stroma.Conclusion In active Mooren's ulcer cases,corneal lesion and corneal wound healing coexist,but the destructive reaction is greater than wound healing.Over-expression of MMP-9 and unbalanced regulation of MMPs/TIMPs may play an important role in the Mooren's ulcer of this stage.
RESUMEN
Objective To investigate the relationship of oxidative damage with the secondary lesion in acid-burnt cornea. Methods The model of mild, moderate and severe acid burn in rat cornea was established in 72 Long-Evans rats. Four served as normal control. The content of corneal malonaldehyde (MDA) was determined by thiobarbituric acid test (TBA) and the activity of corneal superoxide dismutase (SOD) was detected by chemical colorimetry test at day 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 after acid burn. Results No obvious change of MDA and SOD in the mildly-burnt cornea, MDA increased slightly and SOD was of no obvious change in the moderately-burnt cornea, MDA increased and SOD decreased in the severely-burnt cornea significantly. Conclusion The breakage of the balance between the generation and elimination of free radical is possible reason why the secondary lesion occurs in severely-burnt cornea.
RESUMEN
Objective To investigate caspase 3 in the apoptosis of EJ cells in bladder carcinoma induced by mitomycin C(MMC). Methods The apoptosis and changes in cell cycle were examined by means of TUNEL and flow cytometry. The ability of caspase 3 antibody to resist apoptosis induced by a low dose of mitomycin was also studied. Results The typical characteristics of apoptosis were observed in EJ cells treated with low dose of mitomycin and the apoptotic index (AI) was (62.9? 2.2 )%, being much higher than that in the group treated combinedly with caspase 3 antibody and MMC(4.9?0.3)% and in the controls (2.7?0.7)%, P
RESUMEN
Objective To investigate the expression of cyclin E and p27kip1 in bladder transitional cell carcinoma and its clinical significance. Methods cyclin E and p27kip1 expressions were detected in 69 specimens by SP of immunohistochemistry.The results were analyzed in relation to the clinical data. Results The positive rates of cyclin E expression and p27kip1 expression in bladder carcinoma were 42% and 51%,respectively.cyclin E expression was positively related to the tumor grade,the higher the tumor grade,the higher the cyclin E positive expression;but there was no association between cyclin E positive expression and tumor clinical stage.Significant correlation was found between p27kip1 positive expression and tumor grade and clinical stage,the lower the p27kip1 positive expression,the higher the tumor grade and clinical stage.In relapsing bladder carcinoma,both cyclin E and p27kip1 positive expression decreased significantly.There was close correlation between cyclin E expression and p27kip1 expression and the correlation was statistically significant. Conclusions cyclin E and p27kip1 expressions may be important prognostic indicators and potentially useful for assessing tumor malignant extent.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE To investigate the spectrum of organisms causing purulent endophthalmitis and to identify the variance of bacterial spectra and their sensitivities to commonly used antibiotics.METHODS The medical records of patients with purulent endophthalmitis receiving pathogen examination in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from Jan 2000 to Dec 2006 were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS Of the 416 cases,82.0% purulent endophthalmistis were caused by ocular trauma and the organisms were isolated in 181(43.5%)of them.Among the pathogens isolated,14.9%,47.5%,9.9% and 27.6% were fungi,Gram-positive cocci,Gram-positive bacilli and Gram-negative bacilli,respectively.The fungal endophthalmistis was sporadic per annum.The most common bacterial pathogen was staphylococcus epidermidis(33.1%) which increased year by year.The most common Gram-negative bacterium was Escherichia coli(10.5%).Among the common pathogens,the Gram-positive cocci were sensitive to fluoroquinolones and cefoperazone,and the Gram-positive bacilli were sensitive to aminoglycosides and cefoperazone while the Gram-negative bacilli were resistant to various kinds of antibiotics in different degree.CONCLUSIONS The purulent endophthalmistis should be monitored in patients with open ocular injury.Fluoroquinolones with cefoperazone to treat the ocular inflammation are a preferred therapeutic regimen for patients with bacterial endophthalmitis with unknown etiopathogenesis.
RESUMEN
Objective To compare the locations and levels of collagen type Ⅲ, laminin, and fibronectin in Mooren's ulcer and normal human corneas. Methods An indirect immunofluorescent technique and immunohistochemical staining were used to determine the distribution of collagen type Ⅲ, laminin, and fibronectin. The positive results were quantitatively analyzed with an image-processing system. Results Collagen type Ⅲ was not detected in the normal cornea. However, the staining could be seen in the corneal stroma close to Mooren's ulcer focus. Laminin was expressed faintly in the basement membrane of the normal cornea and the positive expression increased in the basement membrane and Bowman's membrane of Mooren's ulcer. In the normal cornea basement membrane, fibronectin was located continuously. In Mooren's ulcer basement membrane, however, fibronectin could not be found in all sections in which one expressed in epithelium and the others in stoma close to the ulcer focus. Conclusion Epithelial basement membrane may play a potential role in the pathogenesis of Mooren's ulcer.