A Retrospective Study on the Qianyang Fengsui Dan Combined with Flying Needle Therapy in the Treatment of Kidney-Yang Deficiency Type of Insomnia / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of the Qianyang Fengsui Dan(combined with flying needle therapy)in the treatment of kidney-yang deficiency type of insomnia.Methods A retrospective study was conducted to select 82 patients with insomnia admitted to the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Dezhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from November 2020 to November 2021,and they were divided into an observation group and a control group according to whether or not they were treated with Qianyang Fengsui Dan combined with flying needle therapy,with 41 cases in each group.The control group was treated with Estazolam,while the observation group was treated with Qianyang Fengsui Dan combined with flying needle therapy on the basis of the treatment of the control group,and the course of treatment was 1 month.The changes of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)scores and Epworth Sleepiness Scale(ESS)scores,as well as polysomnographic parameters were observed before and after treatment in the two groups.The changes of γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA),glutamate(GA),substance P(SP),and neuropeptide Y(NPY)levels were compared before and after treatment between the two groups.And followed up for 1 year to compare the incidence of relapce of the two groups of patients.Results(1)The total effective rate was 95.12%(39/41)in the observation group and 63.41%(26/41)in the control group,and the efficacy of the observation group was superior to that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(2)After treatment,PSQI scores and ESS scores of patients in the two groups were significantly improved(P＜0.05),and the observation group was significantly superior to the control group in improving PSQI scores and ESS scores,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).(3)After treatment,sleep efficiency,awakening time,sleep latency,REM,and total sleep time were significantly improved in the two groups(P＜0.05),and the observation group was significantly superior to the control group in improving sleep efficiency,awakening time,sleep latency,REM,and total sleep time,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).(4)After treatment,the serum GABA,GA,SP,and NPY levels of patients in the two groups were significantly improved(P＜0.05),and the observation group was significantly superior to the control group in improving the serum GABA,GA,SP,and NPY levels,and the differences were all statistically significant(P＜0.05).(5)After treatment,follow-up for 1 year,the recurrence rate of the observation group was 0,and there were 7 cases of recurrence in the control group,and the recurrence rate of the control group was 17.07%(7/41),and the recurrence rate of the observation group was lower than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The combination of flying needle therapy and Qianyang Fengsui Dan can effectively relieve insomnia and fatigue in patients with insomnia,reduce daytime drowsiness,regulate the release of blood monoamine neurotransmitters,and reduce the relapse rate,and its efficacy is superior to that of simple western medicine treatment.

PTPRN mediates endocytosis of NaV1.2 sodium chan-nels and suppresses epileptogenesis in mice / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

Epilepsy is a disorder of the brain charac-terized by abnormal neuron excitability.However,the underlying molecular mechanism of neuron excitability modulation remains elusive.With the help of bioinformatic methods,we have identified receptor-type tyrosine-pro-tein phosphatase-like N(PTPRN)as a critical gene dur-ing epileptogenesis.PTPRN recruits NEDD4L ubiquitin E3 ligase to NaV1.2 sodium channels,facilitating NEDD4L-mediated ubiquitination and endocytosis.Knockout of PTPRN endows hippocampal granule cells with augmented depolarization currents and higher intrinsic excitability,which is reflected by increased seizure susceptibility of transgenic mice.On the contrary,reduced neuron excit-ability and decreased seizure susceptibility are observed after PTPRN overexpression.Meanwhile,we find that a 133 aa fragment recaptures modulation effect of PTPRN full-length,and this fragment shows therapeutic potential towards epilepsy caused by NaV1.2 gain of function vari-ants.In brief,our results demonstrate PTPRN playsa criti-calroleinregulatingneuronexcitability,providing a poten-tial therapeutic approach for epilepsy.

Relationship of contrast-enhanced echocardiography combined with serum CD137 and IGFBP-6 with endpoint events in patients with CHD / 中华老年心脑血管病杂志

Objective To explore the predictive value of contrast-enhanced echocardiography com-bined with serum levels of CD137 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6(IGFBP-6)for cardiovascular adverse events(MACE)in elderly patients with stable coronary heart disease(CHD)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods A total of 108 elderly patients with stable CHD(CHD group)who visited Department of Cardiology of Changsha First Hospital from March 2020 to March 2022 were recruited in this study.They were grouped into a non-MACE group(81 cases)and a MACE group(27 cases)according to whether MACE occurred after PCI.Another 100 healthy individuals who taking physical examination during the same period served as control group.Their serum CD137 and IGFBP-6 levels were detected,and the contrast agent filling speed(β value)and maximum number of microbubbles(A value)were calculated based on the results of contrast-enhanced echocardiography.Their general clinical data were col-lected.ROC curve analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data.Results The serum levels of CD137 and IGFBP-6 were significantly higher,while the β value and A value were obviously lower in the CHD group than the control group(P＜0.01).And the serum levels were notably higher,and the β value and A value were remarkably lower in the MACE group than the non-MACE group(P＜0.01).The AUC of cardiac ultrasound parameters βvalue and A value combined with serum CD137 and IGFBP-6 to predict MACE after PCI in CHD patients was 0.930,which was significantly higher than the AUC value of every single indicator(P＜0.01).β value,A value,CD137 and IGFBP-6 levels were all risk factors for the occurrence of MACE in CHD patients after PCI(P＜0.01).Conclusion Contrast-enhanced echocardiography,serum CD137 and IGFBP-6 levels have certain predictive value for MACE in elderly CHD patients after PCI,and combined detection has higher predictive value.

ORP8 acts as a lipophagy receptor to mediate lipid droplet turnover

Lipophagy, the selective engulfment of lipid droplets (LDs) by autophagosomes for lysosomal degradation, is critical to lipid and energy homeostasis. Here we show that the lipid transfer protein ORP8 is located on LDs and mediates the encapsulation of LDs by autophagosomal membranes. This function of ORP8 is independent of its lipid transporter activity and is achieved through direct interaction with phagophore-anchored LC3/GABARAPs. Upon lipophagy induction, ORP8 has increased localization on LDs and is phosphorylated by AMPK, thereby enhancing its affinity for LC3/GABARAPs. Deletion of ORP8 or interruption of ORP8-LC3/GABARAP interaction results in accumulation of LDs and increased intracellular triglyceride. Overexpression of ORP8 alleviates LD and triglyceride deposition in the liver of ob/ob mice, and Osbpl8-/- mice exhibit liver lipid clearance defects. Our results suggest that ORP8 is a lipophagy receptor that plays a key role in cellular lipid metabolism.

Virtual non-contrast images combined with 40 keV virtual monoenergetic images for reducing radiation dose of CT enterography based on dual-layer spectral detector CT / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To observe the value of virtual non-contrast(VNC)image combined with 40 keV virtual monoenergetic image(VMI)for reducing radiation dose of CT enterography(CTE)based on dual-layer spectral detector CT(DLCT).Methods Data of 63 patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)who underwent CT true non-contrast(TNC)scanning and dual-phase contrast scanning were retrospectively analyzed.CT values,noise(SD),signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)of lesion/tissue/structure on TNC,conventional arterial and venous phase,VNC of arterial and venous phase(VNCa and VNCv)and 40 keV VMI images were measured,and dose-length product(DLP),volume CT dose index(CTDIvol)and effective dose(ED)were calculated,respectively.Objective evaluation was performed to compare TNC and VNC,also between conventional arterial phase and 40 keV VMI.Subjective score and radiation dose were compared between conventional CT and VNC combined with 40 keV VMI.Results No significant difference of CT values of involved intestinal wall,non-involved intestinal wall nor psoas major muscle was found among TNC,VNCa and VNCv images(all P＞0.05).CT values,SNR and CNR of involved intestinal wall,non-involved intestinal wall and psoas major muscle on 40 keV VMI images were all higher than those on conventional arterial phase CT images(all P＜0.05).The subjective score of conventional CT and VNCv combined with 40 keV VMI images was 4(4,5)and 4(4,5),without significant difference(P＞0.05).Compared with conventional CT scanning,radiation dose of CTE using VNCv combined with 40 keV VMI decreased about 67.53％.Conclusion DLCT VNC combined with 40 keV VMI could reduce radiation dose of CTE.

Clinical application of local anesthesia for TiRobot-assisted removal of sacroiliac screws / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective:To explore the feasibility and advantages and disadvantages of local anesthesia for TiRobot-assisted removal of sacroiliac screws by comparison with general anesthesia for TiRobot-assisted removal of sacroiliac screws.Methods:A retrospective study was performed in 39 patients with posterior pelvic ring fracture-dislocation who had undergone removal of percutaneous sacroiliac screws after fracture union from January 2017 to December 2020 at Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Affiliated to Chengdu University. Their sacroiliac screws were removed with TiRobot assistance under local anesthesia (LA group) or general anesthesia (GA group). In the LA group of 18 cases, there were 10 males and 8 females, aged (43.3 ± 8.4) years (from 25 to 58 years); in the GA group of 21 cases, there were 12 males and 9 females, aged (44.9 ± 9.0) years (from 23 to 60 years). The 2 groups were compared in terms of time for planning screw removal path, fluoroscopy frequency, fluoroscopy time, operation time, anesthesia time, anesthesia cost, postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) and postoperative ambulation time.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in baseline data between the 2 groups, showing comparability ( P>0.05). Follow-ups revealed grade A wound healing in all patients. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in time for planning screw removal path, fluoroscopy frequency, fluoroscopy time or operation time ( P>0.05). The anesthesia time [(41.6 ± 8.3) min], anesthesia cost [(653.5 ± 102.6) yuan] and postoperative ambulation time [(2.6 ± 0.6) h] in the LA group were significantly less than those in the GA group [(52.3 ± 9.5) min, (2,475.6 ± 261.8) yuan and (8.7 ± 2.4) h] while the VAS score in the former group (3.8 ± 1.5) was significantly higher than that in the latter group (2.5 ± 1.3) (all P<0.05). Conclusions:It is feasible to use local anesthesia for TiRobot-assisted removal of sacroiliac screws. In TiRobot-assisted removal of sacroiliac screws, compared with general anesthesia, local anesthesia may lead to shorter anesthesia time, lower anesthesia cast and shorter ambulation time, but the patients need to be compliant enough.

A randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial of minodronate tablet in postmenopausal Chinese women with osteoporosis / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective:To verify the efficacy and safety of daily oral minodronate in postmenopausal women with established osteoporosis.Methods:In this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, 262 postmenopausal women were enrolled. Patients were randomized to receive daily oral minodronate 1 mg with supplements of 500 mg calcium and 200 U vitamin D 3 ( n=130) or placebo ( n=132) with daily supplements of 500 mg calcium and 200 U vitamin D 3, for 48 weeks. The primary endpoint was the average bone mineral density (BMD) change in the lumbar vertebrae 48 weeks post-treatment. Secondary outcome measures was the incidence of vertebral fractures. Safety assessments included the rate of adverse events. Results:At the end of 48 weeks treatment, the average BMD change rate from baseline were: full analysis set results: (3.52±4.82)% in the minodronate group and (2.00±5.74)% in the placebo group; per-protocol set results: (3.99±5.05)% in the minodronate group and (2.07±6.20)% in the placebo group; the differences were all significant (all P<0.05). Vertebral fracture occured in 3 patients (2.3%, 3/132) in the placebo group, and 1 case (0.8%, 1/130) in the minodronate group ( P>0.05). The incidence of adverse events was 71.5% (93/130) in the minodronate group and 78.0% (103/132) in the placebo group ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Minodronate is effective and safe in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis without severe side effects.

Analysis of electric bicycle-related traffic injury in Songjiang District of Shanghai / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo explore the status and influencing factors of electric bicycle （e-bike）-related traffic injury in Songjiang District of Shanghai， and to provide reference for prevention and control of the injury. MethodsA self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the community residents over 16 years old who rode e-bike in Songjiang Western Industrial Zone. The survey included general demographic characteristics， physical and psychological conditions， e-bike use， accidents and injuries. Descriptive analysis， chi-square test and Fisher's exact probability method were used to explore the influencing factors of traffic injury by e-bike in Songjiang District. Results1 030 questionnaires were distributed and 1 013 valid questionnaires were recovered. The effective rate of the questionnaire was 98.35%. From June 2020 to May 2021， the incidence of e-bike traffic accidents in Songjiang Western Industrial Zone was 17.47% and the incidence of injuries was 12.64%. The difference between e-bike accident group and non accident group was statistically significant （P<0.05） in the following factors： gender， registered residence， educational level， sleeping time， fatigue， violation of traffic regulations including speed limit 25 km‧h-1 and crossing of red traffic lights， riding after alcohol drinking， riding speed higher than 30 km‧h-1， riding on the phone， wearing headset， turning without prompting signal， riding on the lane of motor vehicles，and e-bike life. The top three injured body parts were limb pelvis （48.10%）， body surface （27.85%） and head （13.92%）. The nature of injury was mainly contusion / abrasion （82.03%）， followed by fracture （17.19%）. ConclusionThe incidence of e-bike traffic accidents in Songjiang District is high. We should strengthen the traffic safety education of e-bike riders， strengthen the road traffic control， and reduce the occurrence of e-bike road traffic accidents in Songjiang District.

Anthrahydroquinone-2,6-disulfonate alleviates paraquat-induced kidney injury via the apelin-APJ pathway in rats

Objective: To explore the protective effects of anthrahydroquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AH 2 QDS) on the kidneys of paraquat (PQ) poisoned rats via the apelin-APJ pathway. Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four experimental groups: control, PQ, PQ+sivelestat, and PQ+AH 2 QDS. The PQ+sivelestat group served as the positive control group. The model of poisoning was established via intragastric treatment with a 20% PQ pesticide solution at 200 mg/kg. Two hours after poisoning, the PQ+sivelestat group was treated with sivelestat, while the PQ+AH 2 QDS group was given AH 2 QDS. Six rats were selected from each group on the first, third, and seventh days after poisoning and dissected after anesthesia. The PQ content of the kidneys was measured using the sodium disulfite method. Hematoxylin-eosin staining of renal tissues was performed to detect pathological changes. Apelin expression in the renal tissues was detected using immunofluorescence. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of the following proteins in the kidney tissues: IL-6, TNF-α, apelin-APJ (the apelin-Angiotensin receptor), NF-κB p65, caspase-1, caspase-8, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), and the C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). In in vitro study, a PQ toxicity model was established using human tubular epithelial cells treated with standard PQ. Twenty-four hours after poisoning, sivelestat and AH 2 QDS were administered. The levels of oxidative stress in human renal tubular epithelial cells were assessed using a reactive oxygen species fluorescence probe. Results: The PQ content in the kidney tissues of the PQ group was higher than that of the PQ+AH 2 QDS group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed extensive hemorrhage and congestion in the renal parenchyma of the PQ group. Vacuolar degeneration of the renal tubule epithelial cells, deposition of crescent-like red staining material in renal follicles, infiltration by a few inflammatory cells, and a small number of cast formation were also observed. However, these pathological changes were less severe in the PQ+sivelestat group and the PQ+AH 2 QDS group (P<0.05). On the third day after poisoning, immunofluorescence assay showed that the level of apelin in the renal tissues was significantly higher in the PQ+AH 2 QDS group than in the PQ group. Western blotting analysis results showed that IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB p65, caspase-1, caspase-8, GRP78, and CHOP protein levels in the PQ group were higher than in the PQ+AH 2 QDS group (P<0.05). The expression of apelin-APJ proteins in the PQ+AH 2 QDS group was higher than in the PQ+sivelestat and PQ groups (P<0.05); this difference was significant on Day 3 and Day 7. The level of oxidative stress in the renal tubular epithelial cells of the PQ+AH 2 QDS group and the PQ+sivelestat group was significantly lower than in the PQ group (P<0.05). Conclusions: This study confirms that AH 2 QDS has a protective effect on PQ-poisoned kidneys and its positive effect is superior to that of sivelestat. The mechanism of the protective effects of AH 2 QDS may be linked to reduction in cellular oxidative stress, PQ content of renal tissue, inflammatory injury, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptosis. AH 2 QDS may play a role in the treatment of PQ poisoning by upregulating the expression of the apelin-APJ.

Characteristics of the Distance and Space Required for Knife Slashing Using a Motion Capture System / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the relationship between the perpetrator's sex, victim's position and slashing location as well as anthropometric parameters on distance and space required for slashing, to provide the theoretical basis for the judgment of whether the crime scene was consistent with the criminal activity space.@*METHODS@#The kinematics data of 12 male and 12 female subjects slashing the neck of standing and supine mannequins as well as the chest of the standing mannequins with a kitchen knife were obtained by using a 3D motion capture system. The relationship between the perpetrator's sex-victim's position, the perpetrator's sex-slashing location, and anthropometric parameters and the distance and space required for the slashing were analyzed by two-factor repeated measures ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis respectively.@*RESULTS@#Compared with slashing the neck of supine mannequins, the distance (L) and normalized L (l) of slashing the neck of standing mannequins were greater, while vertical distance (LVR) and normalized LVR (lVR) of the knife side were smaller. Compared with slashing the neck of standing mannequins, the L and l slashing the chest of standing mannequins were greater, while LVR and lVR were smaller. Horizontal distance (LHR) and normalized LHR (lHR) of the knife side in males were greater than that in females. Height and arm length were positively correlated with L, LHR, and LVR when striking the standing mannequins.@*CONCLUSIONS@#When slashing the neck of supine or standing victims, the slashing distance is shorter and the slashing height is greater. Furthermore, the distance and space required for slashing are correlate with anthropometric parameters.

Anthrahydroquinone-2,6-disulfonate alleviates paraquat-induced kidney injury via the apelin-APJ pathway in rats

@# Objective: To explore the protective effects of anthrahydroquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AH 2 QDS) on the kidneys of paraquat (PQ) poisoned rats via the apelin-APJ pathway. Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four experimental groups: control, PQ, PQ+sivelestat, and PQ+AH 2 QDS. The PQ+sivelestat group served as the positive control group. The model of poisoning was established via intragastric treatment with a 20% PQ pesticide solution at 200 mg/kg. Two hours after poisoning, the PQ+sivelestat group was treated with sivelestat, while the PQ+AH 2 QDS group was given AH 2 QDS. Six rats were selected from each group on the first, third, and seventh days after poisoning and dissected after anesthesia. The PQ content of the kidneys was measured using the sodium disulfite method. Hematoxylin-eosin staining of renal tissues was performed to detect pathological changes. Apelin expression in the renal tissues was detected using immunofluorescence. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of the following proteins in the kidney tissues: IL-6, TNF-α, apelin-APJ (the apelin-Angiotensin receptor), NF-κB p65, caspase-1, caspase-8, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), and the C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). In in vitro study, a PQ toxicity model was established using human tubular epithelial cells treated with standard PQ. Twenty-four hours after poisoning, sivelestat and AH 2 QDS were administered. The levels of oxidative stress in human renal tubular epithelial cells were assessed using a reactive oxygen species fluorescence probe. Results: The PQ content in the kidney tissues of the PQ group was higher than that of the PQ+AH 2 QDS group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed extensive hemorrhage and congestion in the renal parenchyma of the PQ group. Vacuolar degeneration of the renal tubule epithelial cells, deposition of crescent-like red staining material in renal follicles, infiltration by a few inflammatory cells, and a small number of cast formation were also observed. However, these pathological changes were less severe in the PQ+sivelestat group and the PQ+AH 2 QDS group (P<0.05). On the third day after poisoning, immunofluorescence assay showed that the level of apelin in the renal tissues was significantly higher in the PQ+AH 2 QDS group than in the PQ group. Western blotting analysis results showed that IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB p65, caspase-1, caspase-8, GRP78, and CHOP protein levels in the PQ group were higher than in the PQ+AH 2 QDS group (P<0.05). The expression of apelin-APJ proteins in the PQ+AH 2 QDS group was higher than in the PQ+sivelestat and PQ groups (P<0.05); this difference was significant on Day 3 and Day 7. The level of oxidative stress in the renal tubular epithelial cells of the PQ+AH 2 QDS group and the PQ+sivelestat group was significantly lower than in the PQ group (P<0.05). Conclusions: This study confirms that AH 2 QDS has a protective effect on PQ-poisoned kidneys and its positive effect is superior to that of sivelestat. The mechanism of the protective effects of AH 2 QDS may be linked to reduction in cellular oxidative stress, PQ content of renal tissue, inflammatory injury, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptosis. AH 2 QDS may play a role in the treatment of PQ poisoning by upregulating the expression of the apelin-APJ.

Virtual screening of anti-inflammatory components in Blumea balsamifera(L.)DC.And effect of ergosterol peroxide on NF-kB Signaling pathways / 中国药理学通报

Aim To target the key proteins of TLR4 signaling pathway to sereen the compounds of Blumea baisamifera ( L.) DC.in order to explore the anti-in- flammatorv active components and the mechanism of action of key proteins targeting TLR4 signaling pathway in Blumea balsamifera( L.) DC.Methods The effects of ergosterol peroxide ( EP) on cell activity, LPS in¬duced inflammatory factor secretion and NF-kB related protein expression were detected by MTT, EL1SA, Western blot and Subcellular Structural Localization.Results The results showed EP, (3-sitosterol, 16- kaurene, carosterol, luteolin, ergosterol, hyperin and genkwa had more optimal interconnection score.EP (2.3 x 10"5 ~ 9.3 x 10 5 mol • L"1) inhibited the degradation and phosphorylation of inflammatory pro¬tein IkB and phosphorylation of NF-kB p65 down¬stream of TLR4 signaling pathway induced by LPS in BAW264.7 cells,and further inhibit the entrv of NF-kB p65 into the nucleus, thus inhibiting the secretion of cytokines IL-lp and 1L-6.Conclusions The antiin¬flammatory components of Blumea balsamifera ( L.) DC are identified by molecular docking technology and ac-tivity detection technique, and the anti-inflammatory action anrl mechanism of EP as active substances are e- luci dated.

High-throughput screening identifies established drugs as SARS-CoV-2 PLpro inhibitors

A new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has been identified as the etiologic agent for the COVID-19 outbreak. Currently, effective treatment options remain very limited for this disease; therefore, there is an urgent need to identify new anti-COVID-19 agents. In this study, we screened over 6,000 compounds that included approved drugs, drug candidates in clinical trials, and pharmacologically active compounds to identify leads that target the SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro). Together with main protease (M

Tumor microenvironments self-activated nanoscale metal-organic frameworks for ferroptosis based cancer chemodynamic/photothermal/chemo therapy

Ferroptosis, as a newly discovered cell death form, has become an attractive target for precision cancer therapy. Several ferroptosis therapy strategies based on nanotechnology have been reported by either increasing intracellular iron levels or by inhibition of glutathione (GSH)-dependent lipid hydroperoxidase glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). However, the strategy by simultaneous iron delivery and GPX4 inhibition has rarely been reported. Herein, novel tumor microenvironments (TME)-activated metal-organic frameworks involving Fe & Cu ions bridged by disulfide bonds with PEGylation (FCSP MOFs) were developed, which would be degraded specifically under the redox TME, simultaneously achieving GSH-depletion induced GPX4 inactivation and releasing Fe ions to produce ROS

Engineering progress in microbial production of polyhydroxyalkanoates / 生物工程学报

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are polymers obtained by esterification of hydroxy fatty acid monomers. Due to similar mechanical characteristics of traditional petroleum-based plastics, 100% biodegradability and biocompatibility, PHAs are considered to be one of the most potential green materials. However, the application and promotion of PHAs as a green and environmentally friendly material are difficult because of the high production costs. This article focuses on the current methods to reduce production cost of PHAs effectively, such as cell morphology regulation, metabolic pathway construction, economic carbon source utilization and open fermentation technology development. Despite most research results are still limited in laboratory, the research methods and directions provide theoretical guidance for the industrial production of economic PHAs.

Corrigendum to “Quantitative determination of multi-class bioactive constituents for quality assessment of ten Anoectochilus, four Goodyera and one Ludisia species in China” Chinese Herbal Medicines 12 (2020) 430–439 (Chinese Herbal Medicines (2020) 12(4) (430–439), (S1674638420300824), (10.1016/j.chmed.2020.07.002)) / 中草药·英文版

The authors regret for the changes in Fig. 6 as follow: [Figure presented] Fig. 6. HPLC-ELSD chromatograms of ten Anoectochilus, four Goodyera and one Ludisia species on AQ-C

Clinical analysis of ureteral endometriosis complicated with hydronephrosis:92 cases series / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective:To investigate the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of ureteral endometriosis with hydronephrosis.Methods:A retrospective study was performed of 92 cases diagnosed as ureteral endometriosis with surgery confirmed in Peking University First Hospital from January 2000 to January 2021.Results:The incidence of ureteral endometriosis was 0.9% (92/10 222), with an average age of (40.0±6.0) years. Among 92 cases, urological symptoms and pelvic pain including dysmenorrheal, periodic abdominal pain were the main forms of clinical characteristics, while 11 patients (12%, 11/92) were asymptomatic. All patients with ureteral endometriosis had hydronephrosis and hydroureter before surgery, hydronephrosis were left sided in 48 (52%, 48/92) patients, right sided in 39 (42%, 39/92) patients, both sided in 5 (5%,5/92) patients. The distal and middle sections of ureteral obstructions existed in 73 (79%, 73/92) patients and 19 (21%, 19/92) patients, respectively. Out of the 92 ureteral lesions 71 (77%, 71/92) patients were extrinsic lesions, 21 (23%, 21/92) patients presented intrinsic lesions. Of the 38 cases who took preoperative radionuclide renal dynamic imaging examination, there were 6 (16%, 6/38) cases of mildly damaged, 7 (18%, 7/38) cases of moderately dameged, 14 (37%, 14/38) cases of severely damaged, and 11 (29%, 11/38) cases of normal renal function. Laparotomy was decided in 25 (27%, 25/92) patients, and laparoscopic surgery in 67 (73%, 67/92) patients. In cases of ureteral surgery, ureterolysis, partial ureteral resection and ureterocystoneostomy, partial ureteral resection and end-to-end ureteral anastomosis and nephroureterectomy were undertaken in 52 (57%, 52/92), 20 (22%, 20/92), 12 (13%, 12/92) and 8 (9%, 8/92) patients separately. The median follow up was 108 months (range: 6 to 240 months). During the follow-up period, 68 (87%, 68/78) patients took urinary ultrasound after surgery, and 60 (88%, 60/68) cases of hydronephrosis disappeared, and 8 (12%, 8/68) cases were better than before.Conclusion:Most of the patients with ureteral endometriosis are impaired with renal function, and early surgical treatment could effectively relieve urinary obstruction and promote the recovery of renal function.

Incidence of deeply infiltrating endometriosis among 240 cases of pelvic endometriosis and analysis of its clinical and pathological characteristics / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the incidence of deeply infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) among patients of pelvic endometriosis confirmed by pathology and to make analysis of its clinical and pathological characteristics.Methods:From January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018, clinical data of 240 cases of pelvic endometriosis diagnosed by laparoscopy and pathology hospitalized in Peking University First Hospital were analyzed retrospectively for the characteristics of symptoms, pelvic examination and anatomic distribution of endometriosis foci.Results:(1) Among 240 cases of pelvic endometriosis, 94 were diagnosed with DIE with an incidence of 39.2% (94/240); of them the diagnosis were made preoperatively in 44 cases (46.8%, 44/94). (2) Compared with those without DIE, patients with DIE had higher rates of secondary dysmenorrhea [53.2% (50/94) versus 38.4% (56/146), P=0.033], anal pain [43.6% (41/94) versus 28.1% (41/146), P=0.013], dyspareunea [39.4% (37/94) versus 18.5% (27/146), P=0.001] and frequent bowel movement [33.0% (31/94) versus 15.8%(23/146), P=0.002]. (3) Patients with DIE had higher rates of bad movement of uterus [21.3% (20/94) versus 6.8% (10/146), P=0.001], painful nodularity on uterosacral ligaments [26.6% (25/94) versus 6.2% (9/146), P<0.01], painful nodularity of posterior fornix [19.1% (18/94) versus 4.8% (7/146), P<0.01], blue nodule in vaginal wall [6.4% (6/94) versus 0 (0/146), P=0.003] by pelvic examination compared with those without DIE. (4) Ninety-four patients with DIE had a total of 162 nodules, of those 88 (54.3%, 88/162) located in uterosacral ligaments, 14 (8.6%, 14/162) in the rectum, 7 (4.3%, 7/162) in vaginal wall, 6 (3.7%, 6/162) in ureter, 4 in bladder (2.5%, 4/162), 2 (1.2%, 2/162) in Douglas pouch. Forty-three DIE patients (45.7%, 43/94) had more than one nodules. Patients with DIE had concomitant ovarian endometriosis in 69 cases (73.4%, 69/94), with a total of 103 endometrial cysts. (5) Patients with DIE had a higher rate of obliterated Douglas pouch [76.6% (72/94) versus 19.2% (28/146), P<0.01]. Conclusions:More than one third of patients with pelvic endometriosis have concomitant DIE with a lower rate of preoperative diagnosis. Pelvic pains, bad movement of uterus and painful nodulirity around cervix suggest the presence of DIE.

Changes of coagulation function in patients with adenomyosis and its clinical significance / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective:To measure the coagulation function of patients with adenomyosis so as to explore its relationship with increased menstrual amount and its clinical significance.Methods:From January 2014 to May 2019, clinical data of patients with hysterectomy in which 111 pathologically diagnosed adenomyosis (case group) and 115 with uterine myoma (control group) in Peking University First Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The changes in coagulation function of the two groups were compared, and the correlation between coagulation and uterine volume in the adenomyosis group was analyzed.Results:(1) The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was longer in the adenomyosis group than that in the uterine myoma group [(30.4±3.1), (29.6±2.5) s, respectively; P<0.05], while the thrombin time (TT) was shorter than that in the control group [(14.2±1.2), (14.6±1.0) s, respectively; P<0.05]. (2) According to the results of the Pearson correlation test, there was a positive correlation between prothrombin time (PT; r=0.135, P=0.042) and fibrinogen (FIB-C; r=0.139, P=0.036). (3) Platelet counts were higher in the anemia group of adenomyosis than that in the non-anemia group [(323±79)×10 9/L, (274±56)×10 9/L, respectively; P<0.05]. (4) FIB-C in non-anemia group of adenomyosis was lower than non-anemia group of uterine myoma [(2.8±0.5), (3.0±0.6) g/L, respectively; P<0.05], the anemia group of adenomyosis shortened TT compared with the anemia group of uterine myoma [(14.4±1.2), (15.2±0.9) s, respectively; P<0.05]. Conclusion:Patients with adenomyosis have abnormal coagulation function, which may be related to the increase amount of menstruation, and anemia may also be involved in coagulation disorders.

Comparison of occult blood loss after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: The intraoperative blood loss of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is lower than that of total knee arthroplasty, but the difference of postoperative occult blood loss between them has not been widely studied. OBJECTIVE: To compare the difference of occult blood loss between unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty, and to analyze whether patients with preoperative anemia can also undergo unicompartmental knee arthroplasty without the risk of blood transfusion. METHODS: 148 patients with knee osteoarthritis treated in 904 Hospital of the Joint Service Support Force of Chinese PLA from January 2014 to December 2016 were selected. Among them, 58 cases underwent unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and 90 cases underwent total knee arthroplasty. Hemoglobin levels and hematocrit were measured before and 1, 4, 21 and 42 days after operation, and the occult blood loss and blood transfusion rate were calculated. The trial was approved by the Ethics Committee of 904 Hospital of the Joint Service Support Force of Chinese PLA (approval No. 2019-01-03). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The hemoglobin level of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty group was higher than that of total knee arthroplasty group at 1 and 4 days after operation (P 0.05). (2) Hematocrit in the unicompartmental knee arthroplasty group was higher than that in the total knee arthroplasty group at 1 and 4 days after operation (P 0.05).(3) From day one to day four after surgery, there was no occult blood loss in the female of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty group, and the average occult blood loss in the male was 4 g/L. The average occult blood loss was 10 g/L in female and 7 g/L in male in total knee arthroplasty group. The occult blood loss in male and female in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty group was lower than that in total knee arthroplasty group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). (4) The blood transfusion rate was 0% in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty group and 4.4% in total knee arthroplasty group. In patients with preoperative moderate anemia (hemoglobin 60-89 g/L), there was no need for blood transfusion in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty group (n=3), but blood transfusion was needed in 2 of 6 patients in total knee arthroplasty group (33%). (5) The results showed that unicompartmental knee arthroplasty had obvious advantages over total knee arthroplasty in postoperative occult blood loss.