Nurses' Perceptions of Factors Influencing Elder Self-neglect: A Qualitative Study

Purpose@#Elder self-neglect is a global public health issue and should be taken seriously at large. Nurses,usually working directly with elderly patients, have a better understanding of what factors may causeelder self-neglect. In this qualitative study, we explored the influencing factors of elder self-neglect fromthe perception of nurses in the context of Chinese culture. @*Methods@#Face-to-face, in-depth interviews were conducted from November 2018 to December 2018.Purposive sampling was used. Twenty one participants recruited from eight geriatric wards of a generalhospital located in Wuhan were interviewed. A content analysis of qualitative nature was performed toanalyze the data. @*Results@#Our conceptual model illustrated the findings based on the three themes of the conflict betweenpersonal recognition and social judgment, the choice between current needs and individual beliefs, aswell as the compromise between insufficient abilities and limited resources. @*Conclusion@#Nurses together with family members and social workers can help older adults improvetheir awareness of self-neglect to bridge the gap with social judgment, learn to focus on their own needs,as well as seek as much support as possible. Nurses should also respect the autonomy and selfdeterminationof elder self-neglecters because self-neglect is related to older adults' values. Furthermore,larger studies are needed to quantitatively test and refine the model.

Nurses' Perceptions of Factors Influencing Elder Self-neglect: A Qualitative Study

Purpose@#Elder self-neglect is a global public health issue and should be taken seriously at large. Nurses,usually working directly with elderly patients, have a better understanding of what factors may causeelder self-neglect. In this qualitative study, we explored the influencing factors of elder self-neglect fromthe perception of nurses in the context of Chinese culture. @*Methods@#Face-to-face, in-depth interviews were conducted from November 2018 to December 2018.Purposive sampling was used. Twenty one participants recruited from eight geriatric wards of a generalhospital located in Wuhan were interviewed. A content analysis of qualitative nature was performed toanalyze the data. @*Results@#Our conceptual model illustrated the findings based on the three themes of the conflict betweenpersonal recognition and social judgment, the choice between current needs and individual beliefs, aswell as the compromise between insufficient abilities and limited resources. @*Conclusion@#Nurses together with family members and social workers can help older adults improvetheir awareness of self-neglect to bridge the gap with social judgment, learn to focus on their own needs,as well as seek as much support as possible. Nurses should also respect the autonomy and selfdeterminationof elder self-neglecters because self-neglect is related to older adults' values. Furthermore,larger studies are needed to quantitatively test and refine the model.

Mutant Huntingtin Causes a Selective Decrease in the Expression of Synaptic Vesicle Protein 2C / 神经科学通报·英文版

Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by a polyglutamine expansion in the huntingtin (Htt) protein. Mutant Htt causes synaptic transmission dysfunctions by interfering in the expression of synaptic proteins, leading to early HD symptoms. Synaptic vesicle proteins 2 (SV2s), a family of synaptic vesicle proteins including 3 members, SV2A, SV2B, and SV2C, plays important roles in synaptic physiology. Here, we investigated whether the expression of SV2s is affected by mutant Htt in the brains of HD transgenic (TG) mice and Neuro2a mouse neuroblastoma cells (N2a cells) expressing mutant Htt. Western blot analysis showed that the protein levels of SV2A and SV2B were not significantly changed in the brains of HD TG mice expressing mutant Htt with 82 glutamine repeats. However, in the TG mouse brain there was a dramatic decrease in the protein level of SV2C, which has a restricted distribution pattern in regions particularly vulnerable in HD. Immunostaining revealed that the immunoreactivity of SV2C was progressively weakened in the basal ganglia and hippocampus of TG mice. RT-PCR demonstrated that the mRNA level of SV2C progressively declined in the TG mouse brain without detectable changes in the mRNA levels of SV2A and SV2B, indicating that mutant Htt selectively inhibits the transcriptional expression of SV2C. Furthermore, we found that only SV2C expression was progressively inhibited in N2a cells expressing a mutant Htt containing 120 glutamine repeats. These findings suggest that the synaptic dysfunction in HD results from the mutant Htt-mediated inhibition of SV2C transcriptional expression. These data also imply that the restricted distribution and decreased expression of SV2C contribute to the brain region-selective pathology of HD.

Correlation between sleep quality and anxiety in CKD patients / 现代临床护理

Objective To study the correlation between sleep quality and anxiety in patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKD).Method Toally 118 patients with CKD were investigated with Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS).Results About 75.42％ (89/118) patients had poor quality of sleep.The scores by PSQI and the dimensions were higher than those of the norms (all P＜0.05),but the total scores by PSQI and the factors of sleep quality,time of falling sleep,duration of sleep,use of hypnosis drugs were all significantly lower than those of the insomnia group (all P＜0.01).35.59％ (42/118) of the patients had anxiety and the score of SAS was significantly higher than that of the national norm (P＜0.01).The total scores of PSQI,sleep quality,sleep time,sleeping time,sleep disorder,daytime function were positively related to the score of SAS (P＜0.01).Conclusions The quality of sleep is poor in the CKD patients and there is a positive correlation between the quality of sleep and the anxiety.It is necessary to strengthen the knowledge-related health education and to provide emotional support and individualized nursing services for CKD patients so as to relieve their anxiety and improve their sleep quality.

A PRELIMINARY RESEARCH IN CULTIVATION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF CORTICAL AND MESENCEPHALIC NEURAL STEM CELLS IN VITRO / 解剖学报

Objective To explore the differences of cultivation and differentiation between cortical neural stem cells(C-NSCs) and mesencephalic neural stem cells(M-NSCs). Methods We dissociated embryonic cortex and ventral mesencephalon respectively,and single cell suspensions were achieved by trypsin digestion and mechanical dissociation in sterile condition.These cells were planted into DMEM/F12 culture medium with B27,bFCF,and then were passaged by mechanical methods and induced to differentiation in DMEM/F12 medium with 10%FBS(without growth factors).For examining the features of C-NSCs and M-NSCs,reverse phasecontrast microscopy,immunocytochemical techniques were applied to detect nestin,NSE,GFAP antigens and the specific antigen(TH) of neurons differentiated from the two kinds of NSCs.We observed and compared the difference of the two kinds of NSCs. Results The NSCs existed both in cortex and ventral mesencephalon of embryonic mice,which expressed nestin and possessed the ability of self-renewing and multipotent, but the density of NSCs in cortex was higher than that in ventral mesencephalon.There were some TH positive cells differentiated from M-NSCs but none came from C-NSCs.Conclusion The proliferative activity of C-NSCs is higher than that of M-NSCs,but more number M-NSCs differentiated into dopaminergic neurons in serum medium.