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Background: COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is an emerging complication among patients with COVID-19 but hasn’t been well studied in cancer patients. This study, we try to find out important aspects associated with CAPA among cancer patients with regards to clinico-epidemiological factors. Methods: In this retrospective observational study, we included 198 consecutive patients COVID-19 between April 2020 and February 2021. CAPA cases were classified according to CAPA-European Confederation of Medical Mycology criteria (2020 ECMM/ISHAM consensus criteria). Results: The overall incidence of CAPA was found to be 10.1% in our study population. The incidence among hematological malignancies was 11.25% and solid tumors was 10%. In-hospital mortality was significantly high among patients with CAPA as compared to that among without CAPA (40% versus 16.85%; p<0.012695). Significant number of patients with CAPA had received chemotherapy in last 3 months before diagnosis of COVID-19 (50% versus 28.09%, p=0.043222) and had evidence of culture positive bacterial infection (30% versus 5.62; p=0.000888). Significantly more patients having CAPA were on steroids, required oxygen and/or ventilator support as compared to those without CAPA. Conclusions: CAPA is a significant cause of mortality and length of hospital stay (16 versus 7 days; p=0.00001) among cancer patients with COVID-19. Cancer patients with COVID-19 were at increased risk of CAPA as compared to non-cancer patients.
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Background: Later years of life are accompanied by many physical; emotional and environmental changes which may impact on the well-being of the individual. Many factors are known to influence the subjective well-being of older adults; but most; if not all of this information was the result of studies in the Western world. This study aimed at obtaining and documenting the predictors of subjective well-being (SWB) among older Ghanaians. Methods: Data for the study was obtained from the WHO SAGE study. The single item measure of life satisfaction was used to determine subjective wellbeing. Descriptive statistics as well as logistic regression analysis were carried out to determine the predictors of SWB. Results: A total of 4724 individuals aged 50 years and above responded to the questionnaires. Of these 50.4 were males. Following multivariate logistic regression analysis; age; sex; educational level; income and ethnic background were found to significantly affect the SWB of older Ghanaians. Being male was associated with higher level of SWB (OR=1.68; CI: 1.39 - 2.03). For those 50 years and above; being younger (50-59 years) was also associated with a high level of SWB (OR=17.72; CI: 10.13-30.98). Earning a low income and having low educational level were both associated with low levels of SWB (OR=0.304; CI: 0.22-0.42; and OR=0.47; CI: 0.37-0.60 respectively). Ewes (p=0.027); Grumas (p=0.002) and Mole-Dagbons (p=0.04) had significantly higher SWB compared to the other ethnic groups. Conclusion: Among older Ghanaians; factors that positively influence SWB are younger age; male sex; high educational level and high income
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678 under five children were surveyed in village Shahbad Mohammadpur, Delhi. Two weeks morbidity was also recorded. 47.9 per cent children had one or more risk factors studied. Significantly more female children (54.1 per cent) were at risk than male children (43.3 per cent). 433 risk factors were observed in 325 at risk children. Majority of them had one or two risk factors. Birth interval less than two years and malnutrition were most frequent risk factors. At risk children suffered significantly more than not at risk (21.2 per cent vs 14.4 per cent). The results confirmed the validity of the risk factors considered for the study.