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Background & objectives: Investment in mental health is quite meagre worldwide, including in India. The costs of new interventions must be clarified to ensure the appropriate utilization of available resources. The government of Gujarat implemented QualityRights intervention at six public mental health hospitals. This study was aimed to project the costs of scaling up of the Gujarat QualityRights intervention to understand the additional resources needed for a broader implementation. Methods: Economic costs of the QualityRights intervention were calculated using an ingredients-based approach from the health systems’ perspective. Major activities within the QualityRights intervention included assessment visits, meetings, training of trainers, provision of peer support and onsite training. Results: Total costs of implementing the QualityRights intervention varied from Indian Rupees (?) 0.59 million to ? 2.59 million [1United States Dollars (US $) = ? 74.132] across six intervention sites at 2020 prices with 69-79 per cent of the cost being time cost. Scaling up the intervention to the entire State of Gujarat would require about two per cent increase in financial investment, or about 7.5 per cent increase in total cost including time costs over and above the costs of usual care for people with mental health conditions in public health facilities across the State. Interpretation & conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that human resources were the major cost contributor of the programme. Given the shortage of trained human resources in the mental health sector, appropriate planning during the scale-up phase of the QualityRights intervention is required to ensure all staff members receive the required training, and the treatment is not compromised during this training phase. As only about two per cent increase in financial cost can improve the quality of mental healthcare significantly, the State government can plan for its scale-up across the State.
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The study is about the investment behaviour of “Foreign Institutional Investors” (FII) in the Indian stock market w.r.t their trading behaviour and its impact on stock market movements. We have collected the daily data of investment of FII net equity investments and NIFTY 50 index in Indian stock markets for a long time period from the year 2000 to 2022. The paper used trend analysis and the relationship between FII net equity investments and NIFTY 50 index. The paper found a significant relationship and causality in the direction of NIFTY to FII investments. The FII are found to invest with consistency in the Indian stock market and are also responsible to contribute significantly to the development of the Indian stock market.
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Background: Cervical lymphadenopathy is relatively common clinical observation. Cervical lymphadenopathy is a diagnostic dilemma to the surgeon. The various avenues available for the analysis of cervical node enlargement are clinical evaluation, aspiration cytology, and open biopsy. Aim: To study the role of the FNAC in diagnosis of cervical node enlargement after correlating with a lymph node biopsy. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in Department of Surgery, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur. All the patients aged more than 15 years presented with neck swelling were enrolled. Detailed history will be taken followed by physical examination in all the patient with cervical lymphadenopathy. Results: Majority of the cases in this study had non-neoplastic causes for cervical lymphadenopathy in which tuberculosis is most common. Male to female ratio of 1.3:1. Maximum incidence was found to be tuberculosis. Maximum number of cases was in the age group of 21 to 30 years. The diagnostic accuracy of FNAC for tuberculous lymphadenopathy is 91.66%. The diagnostic accuracy of FNAC for nonspecific lymphadenitis was 87.50%. For secondary’s neck and lymphoma were 100%, 100% respectively. Conclusions: FNAC is a simple and safe procedure, which can be employed on outpatient basis. FNAC is found to be a frontline investigation of choice with biopsy and histopathological examination done for confirmation.
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Background: Acute pancreatitis is an acute abdominal emergency condition that need immediate hospital stay and intensive care. In 80% of cases it runs a mild course and rest of the patients have severe pancreatitis. It's severity is assessed by using Ranson's scoring system and Modified CT severity index. This study was carried out to evaluate role of Ranson's scoring system and modified CT severity index in assessing severity of acute pancreatitis. Methods: - This is a prospective observational study which is conducted on patients with acute pancreatitis admitted in Department of Surgery, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur. 30 patients of acute pancreatitis enrolled. Ranson's criteria and modified CT severity index apply to all of them. Results: Out of 30 patients, 20 patients have mild pancreatitis. 4 patients have moderate pancreatitis. 6 patients have severe pancreatitis. Conclusion: We conclude that Ranson's criteria and modified CT severity index have significant role in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis and the chances of developing complications as regards morbidity and mortality.