RESUMEN
Obesity is a well-known risk factor of hypertension and diabetes. This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Kungher (Rural Health Training Center Field Practicing Area) population and to evaluate its relationship with hypertension and diabetes. This Cross sectional study comprises of 163 subjects attending a local medical camp between 25- 70 years of age. Height, weight, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar and post prandial blood sugar were determined using standard methods. It was found that the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 15% and 34% respectively and it was predominant among women than men. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and post prandial blood sugar were significantly elevated in obese subjects than in normal BMI subjects (control). It was concluded that the results showed a higher trend of hypertension and diabetes with increase in BMI.
RESUMEN
Family planning is often regarded as the woman's responsibility, but there is growing recognition of the need to involve men in family planning programs.The objective of the study was to determine the role of men in family planning decision-making and toassess men’s attitude towards family planning. A cross sectional survey was carried out in Kungher, rural area of Patan district of Gujarat, India and 610 eligible couples were interviewed using a pre-tested, semi-structured interviewer based questionnaire to collect information pertaining to the couple’s socio-demographic data, fertility intentions & attitude towards contraception.It was seen that majority of the males were in the age group of 40 – 45 years (32.8%) and females were in the age group of 35 – 39 years (31.1%). Among the women whose spouse approved of their contraceptive usage, 41.3% of the women were using contraceptives and 58.7% were not using any contraceptive. 79.7% of the women who had frequent (more often) discussions with their partners were currently using contraceptives and 20.3% did not use any form of contraceptives despite frequent discussions. As regards perception of ideal family size it was observed that in 68.7% (95% CI: 63.2 – 74.2%) of cases there was agreement between husband and wife about the number of children that they should ideally have.It was concluded that men should be actively involved at knowledge, supportive and acceptor level, so that their decision making role can be utilised for promotion of contraceptives in appositive manner.Family planning programmes shouldinvolve men at all levels of the programme.
RESUMEN
Background: Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life is the single most important child survival intervention, the Eleventh Five Year Plan will concentrate on promoting optimal breastfeeding practices among women at home and in health facilities .The present study was, therefore, conducted to assess the use of Commercial Formula and breast Feeding among the rural & urban community of Ahmedabad district.Material and Method: This study was carried out in Urban and Rural communities of Ahmedabad District. Grade I PEM was seen in 138 (45.5%) Grade II in 126 (41.59%) & Grade III in 12 (03.96%) children. In the present study showed that out of total 603 children were studied in the age group of 0-24 months. Result and Discussion: In study group 19.16 % were from 0-6 months while 43.64% of children were of 7-12 months of age. 287 (95.66%) mother said that breast-feeding started immediately after birth. 234 (78.00%) mother said that commercial weaning food are not more nutritious than breast milk. While for rural areas, Almost 262(86.46%) mother had correct knowledge that breast feeding is given up to 4-5 month of age. 293 (96.70%) mother said that breast-feeding started immediately after birth. The difference of the feeding practice of urban rural area was found statically significant. These finding of our study were compared with the findings of District Level Household Survey-3(DLHS3) which shows significant improvement in the immunization in both urban & rural areas.
RESUMEN
Introduction: Nicotine, one of the major alkaloids of cigarette smoke, is known to stimulate the CNS. It was thought worthwhile to study effect after single cigarette smoking on some cognitive functions. These effects may be important in relation to increasing incidence of conditions where cognitive functions are deranged e.g. Alzheimer’s disease. Materials and Methods: The design of the study was open. Cognitive tests, blood pressure and heart rate recording were done in a group of subjects (n=34) who smoked a cigarette. The tests were performed twice in individual subjects; one before and other after smoking a cigarette (in control group (n=30) the two tests were performed after a resting period of 5 minutes). To study cognitive functions, following parameters were included: Forward Digit Span Test, Word List Memory Test, Benton Visual Retention Test, Mental Arithmetic Test, Motor Co-ordination Test, Digit Letter Substitution Test and Paragraph Cancellation Test (details of the tests will be elaborated during presentation). Results: In the subjects who smoked a cigarette heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure exhibited significant rise. In these subjects, scores of various cognitive tests showed statistically significant improvement as compared to the control group (detail data will be furnished during presentation).Conclusion: In the present study, smoking a cigarette has shown definite improvement in cognitive functions like short-term memory, alertness, visual retention, calculation skill and motor co-ordination. No attempt is made in the present study about the effect of repeated smoking. The tolerance to these effects cannot be ruled out presently. The present results need further exploration from point of view of therapeutic utility.