Correlation of "Parts-components-properties" of Traditional Chinese Medicines from Latex-containing Plants / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation among the botanical characteristics， biological characteristics， chemical composition， and medicinal properties and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines （TCM） from latex-containing plants， so as to strengthen the theory of "identifying symptoms for qualities" and provide a reference for the development and utilization of the latex-containing plant resources. MethodStatistics on the meridians for properties and tastes， efficacy， medicinal parts， family and genus， and chemical components of TCM from latex-containing plants were carried out. A total of 53 TCM from latex-containing plants included in the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia were screened by mining the Chinese Botanical Journal， Chinese Materia Medica， Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicines， and related literature. In addition， their meridians for properties and tastes， medicinal parts， chemical components， and TCM classifications were summarized and statistically analyzed by using Excel 2013 and ChiPlot 2023.3.31 software. ResultIt was found that latex-containing plants were mainly distributed in one kingdom， one phylum， two classes， and 20 families， and most of the TCM from latex-containing plants belonged to Dicotyledonaceae under Angiosperms. In terms of properties and tastes， plain>cold>warm>cool>hot and bitter>pungent>sweet>sour>salty. In terms of meridians， liver>lung>kidney>spleen=large intestine=stomach>heart>bladder=gallbladder=small intestines. In terms of medicinal parts， roots （root， rhizomes， tuberous root， and root bark）>resin>seed>whole herb （whole herb and above-ground part）>stem （stem and branch）>fruit>leaf>flower=skin. In terms of research on chemical components， they were mostly glycosides. In terms of TCM classification， they were mostly medicines for activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis. ConclusionThe TCM from latex-containing plants is mainly plain， with a uniform warm and cold distribution. The tastes are mainly bitter and pungent， and the major meridians are the liver and lung. The roots and resins are mainly used as medicines. The components mostly contain glycosides， alkaloids， and volatile oils， and most of them are medicines for activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis， as well as for removing heat and toxins. There is a certain degree of correlation among the growth habits， medicinal parts， chemical components， and the properties， tastes， and efficacy of the TCM from latex-containing plants. It may provide a reference for resource development and utilization of TCM from latex-containing plants.

Correlation Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicines from Fungi Based on "Habit-Growth Environment-part-medicinal Properties" / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveThe relevant laws among the biological characteristics， medicinal parts， growth environment， and medicinal properties and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines （TCM） from fungi were excavated， so as to strengthen the theory of distinguishing symptoms for quality and provide a reference for the development and utilization of TCM from fungi. MethodThe medicinal parts， meridians for properties and tastes， heterotrophic mode， and efficacy of commonly used TCM from fungi were summarized. By consulting the Compendium of Materia Medica， Shennong Materia Medica， Flora of China， and literature， the TCM from fungi indexed in the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and some local pharmacopeias were checked. ResultA total of 28 common TCM from fungi were selected. Different TCMs from fungi have different meridians for properties and tastes， medicinal parts， habits， and growth environments. The relevant information was counted. Among the four properties， plain>cold>warm. Among the five tastes， sweet>bitter>light>pungent=salty. In terms of medicinal parts， fruiting body>sclerotia>complex>spermia=outer skin=other. In terms of meridians， lung>liver=heart>spleen=kidney>stomach. In terms of habits， parasitism>saprophysis>symbiosis=facultative parasitism=facultative saprophysis. ConclusionTCM from fungi are mainly parasitic and saprophytic， and the plain property and sweet taste the most. The meridians are mostly lung， heart， and liver. Nourishment and diuresis are the main efficacy. There is a certain correlation between the color， habit， medicinal parts， and growth environment of TCM from fungi and their properties， tastes， and efficacy， providing comprehensive literature reference and theoretical basis for their in-depth research， clinical use， and resource development.

Correlation of "Medicinal Tissue-property， Taste， and Efficacy-clinical Application" of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Plant Skin / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the functions and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） from plant skin and their Chinese patent medicines and explore the related laws of the medicinal tissue， property， taste， efficacy， and clinical application， so as to strengthen the theory of identifying symptoms for qualities and provide references for the development and utilization of TCM from plant skin and their Chinese patent medicines. MethodBy reviewing the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and some local pharmacopeias， TCM from plant skin and their Chinese patent medicines were screened out， and the characteristics， functions， and precautions of TCM from plant skin and their Chinese patent medicines were summarized. Statistical analysis was carried out with Excel. ResultA total of 62 TCM from plant skin were found， mainly distributed in one kingdom， three phyla， and 31 families. In terms of the family genus， Rutaceae>Leguminosae>Cucurbitaceae. In terms of the medicinal tissue， bark>root bark>fruit bark>seed bark. In terms of property and taste， warm>cold>plain>cool>hot， and bitter>sweet=pungent>acidic. In terms of meridians， lung>liver>spleen>heart>colorectal>kidney>stomach=bladder. In terms of TCM classification， most of them belong to the category of heat-clearing medicines. There were 485 types of Chinese patent medicines from plant skin， with the most Chinese patent medicines containing Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium. Among the forms of administration， pills were the most predominant. In terms of the tastes of the medicines， bitter and sweet flavors predominated. In terms of functions， medicines for strengthening the body resistance were the most. For the precautions， contraindications during pregnancy were the most common. ConclusionThere is a correlation among medicinal tissue， property， taste， efficacy， and clinical application of TCM from plant skin. It is also necessary to pay attention to the contraindications of the medicines and rationally choose TCM from plant skin and their Chinese patent medicines under the guidance of TCM theory based on syndrome differentiation and treatment.

Effects of Different Soil Water Content on the Yield and Quality of Rehmannia Glutinosa / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This study aimed to elucidate the effects of different soil water contents on the yield and quality of R.glutinosa.Different soil water contents were adjusted in different periods of growth of R.glutinosa.The yield,content of water extract,catalpol,verbascoside and polysaccharide were determined and analysed by the grey pattern recognition after harvests.The impacts of soil water content from the most important to the least important were medium moisture content (M2),high moisture content (M3),low moisture content (M1) and blank (M4).In the cultivation of R.glutinosa,the soil water content should be remained in the range of 40％-50％ at seedling stage,while 50％-60％ at the stage of root formation and tuber enlargement,and 20％-30％ during harvesting,which can significantly improve the yield and quality of R.glutinosa.

Correlation Study on Iron Content, Yield and Quality ofCornus ofifcinalis / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This article was aimed to study the correlation between iron content inCornus officinalis leaves and its yield as well as quality. The method of microwave digestion atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine the content of iron element inCornus officinalis leaves. HPLC was used to determine the content of loganin and ursolic acid in fruits. Correlation analysis was made among the content of iron element, yield of fruits, loganin and ursolic acid in fruits. The results showed that iron element in leaves of different yield level cornus officinalis was different. It also had some correlation with yield and quality of fruits. It was concluded that the research can improve relations of source-sink inCornus ofifcinalis, adjust source-sink balance, guide farmers to master the period of spraying iron fertilizer, and increase production and quality ofCornus ofifcinalis.

A study of stress response to different ways of indwelling gastric tube in patients with severe craniocerebral injury / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the effect on stress response to indwelling gastric tube assisted by bronchofiberoscope and traditional way in patients with severe craniocerebral injury in intensive care unit(ICU). Methods 126 patients admitted in Department of Surgery ICU in Lanzhou University Second Hospital were randomly divided into bronchofiberoscope assisted indwelling gastric tube group(experimental group) and the traditional way of indwelling gastric tube group(control group), 63 cases in each group. In the experimental group, the rod of mirror, Olypus BF-P60, was coated with lidocaine gel, through the nasal cavity it was sent into interior, when arrived at epiglottis, the operator adjusted the mirror head and let it go into the esophagus(about 10 cm), then put a steel wire as a guide into a hole for biopsy, and simultaneously, as the operator pulled out the rod, the wire was continuously pushed slowly further inside; after the bronchofiberoscope was completely withdrawn, valelinum liquidum was used to ensure sufficient lubrication to the external and internal walls of the indwelling gastric tube ready to be sent into the stomach, afterwards the tube was slowly pushed along the guide wire to an appropriate location and then the wire was pulled out, the operator injected air, when he or she heard the gurgling sound as the gas passing water, fixed the tube. In the control group, the traditional way of indwelling gastric tube was applied. Before and after indwelling gastric tube for 1, 3, 5 minutes, the changes of systolic pressure(SBP),diastolic pressure(DBP),heart rate(HR), end-expiratory carbon dioxide partial pressure(PETCO2) and plasma concentrations of norepinephrine(NE), adrenaline, angiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ), glucose(GLU) were examined.Results The plasma levels of SBP, DBP, HR, PETCO2, adrenaline, NE, AngⅡ and blood GLU had no statistical significant differences before operation in comparisons between both groups(allP>0.05). Compared to those before indwelling the tube, the levels of SBP, DBP, HR, PETCO2, NE, adrenaline, AngⅡ and GLU at various time points after the indwelling in experimental group were of no statisticalsignificant differences(allP>0.05), while the levels of SBP, DBP,HR, adrenaline, NE, AngⅡand GLU in control group at various time points after indwelling were higher obviously than those before operation, and the level of PETCO2 was decreased significantly compared with that before operation. The differences in the above indexes were significant between the treatment and control groups at 1 minute after indwelling〔SBP(mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa): 125.1±15.4 vs. 135.5±13.6, DBP(mmHg): 85.6±16.1 vs. 91.1±17.2, HR(bpm): 99.4±13.8 vs. 107.9±16.5, PETCO2(mmHg): 32.5±2.8 vs. 29.8±4.1, NE(ng/L): 365.4±29.7 vs. 475.7±49.9, adrenaline(ng/L): 75.4±7.2 vs. 83.6±7.4, AngⅡ(ng/L): 65.3±6.9 vs. 73.3±9.1, GLU(mmol/L): 10.1±1.9 vs. 13.4±3.0, allP<0.05〕; the differences in the above indexes remained significant between the treatment and control groups till 5 minutes after indwelling〔SBP(mmHg): 123.7±14.8 vs. 129.7±15.1, DBP(mmHg): 84.3±14.6 vs. 88.4±14.2, HR(bpm): 97.7±13.6 vs. 31.6±3.9, PETCO2(mmHg): 33.5±3.1 vs. 31.6±3.9, NE(ng/L): 363.9±31.3 vs. 457.7±48.4, adrenaline(ng/L): 74.6±7.8 vs. 83.5±8.5, AngⅡ(ng/L): 64.3±8.4 vs. 71.9±5.9, GLU(mmol/L): 9.6±2.3 vs. 12.7±3.1, allP<0.05〕.ConclusionCompared with traditional way, the indwelling of gastric tube assisted by branchofiberoscopy can induce milder stress response.

Identification of Fat-soluble Constituents of Cornus officinalis and Its Preparation by LC-MS / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for identification of Cornus officinalis and its Preparations. METHODS: LC-MS method was adopted. The separation was performed on Hypersil C18 column (150 mm?2.1 mm,5 ?m) with a mobile phase of methanol-acetic acid(84 ∶ 16) at a flow rate of 0.2 mL?min-1. The column temperature was set at 30℃. Mass spectra were equipped with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source with negative ion detection model as ion scanning. The conditions of determination were sheath gas flow rate of 1.5 L?min-1,sweep gas flow rate of 0.45 L?min-1,spraying voltage of 4.5 kV, high temperature capillary temperature of 350℃ and scan range of 110～600 amu. RESULTS: The three-level mass spectrometry of the ursolic acid and oleanolic acid was well separated. The results were stable. Three-level mass spectrometry of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid were established and identification of C. officinalis preparations was carried out.CONCLUSION:Three-level fragment peaks of fat-soluble constituents of C. officinalis can be used for indentification of C. officinalis and its preparations.