Rac1 promotes the formation of heterotypic cell-in-cell structure / 生物工程学报

Heterotypic cell-in-cell structures (heCICs) are closely related to tumor development and progression, and have become a new frontier in life science research. Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) belongs to the classic Rho GTPase, which plays a key role in regulating the cytoskeleton and cell movement. To investigate the role and mechanism of Rac1 in the formation of heCICs, tumor cells and immune killer cells were labeled with cell-tracker, respectively, to establish the heCICs model. Upon treatment with the Rac1 inhibitor NSC23766, the formation of heCICs between tumor and immune cells was significantly reduced. The plasmid pQCXIP-Rac1-EGFP constructed by gene cloning was packaged into pseudoviruses that subsequently infect tumor cells to make cell lines stably expressing Rac1. As a result, the formation of heCICs was significantly increased upon Rac1 overexpression. These results demonstrated a promotive role of Rac1 in heCICs formation, which may facilitate treating cell-in-cell related diseases, such as tumors, by targeting Rac1.

The expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor and aquaporin 4 in the inner limiting membrane from eyes with diabetic macular edema / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective:To observe the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in the inner limiting membrane (ILM) of diabetic retinopathy (DR) with macular edema, and analyze the correlation between VEGF and AQP4 expression.Methods:A cross-sectional study. From September 2019 to September 2020, 38 eyes of 38 patients with DR and idiopathic macular hole (iMH) who underwent vitrectomy (PPV) combined with ILM stripping at the Hangzhou campus of The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University at Hangzhou were included in the study. Among them, there were 25 males and 13 females who aged 37-76 years old, average age was 59±10 years old; All eye included 15 right eyes and 23 left eyes. iMH and DR included 9 eyes in 9 cases and 29 eyes in 29 cases, respectively, and they were divided into iMH group and DR group. The DR group was divided into DME group and no DME group according to whether it was accompanied by diabetic macular edema (DME), with 14 eyes and 15 eyes respectively. After the stripped ILM tissue was fixed, immunofluorescence analysis was performed to obtain a picture of the fluorescence mode of AQP4 and VEGF, and the fluorescence intensity value of VEGF and AQP4 was measured by Image J software. The differences of VEGF and AQP4 immunofluorescence values in the specimens between groups were compared by one-way analysis of variance. The correlation between the fluorescence intensity of AQP4 and the fluorescence intensity of VEGF was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.Results:The average fluorescence intensity valuesof VEGF and AQP4 in ILM specimens of DME group, no DME group and iMH group were 38.96±7.53, 28.25±3.12, 30.07±4.84 and 49.07±8.73, 37.96±6.45, 38.08±5.04, respectively. The average fluorescence intensity of VEGF and AQP4 in the ILM specimens of the DME group was significantly higher than that of the no DME group and iMH group, and the difference was statistically significant ( F=13.977, 9.454; P<0.05). The average fluorescence intensity values of VEGF and AQP4 on IML specimens in the DR group were 33.80±7.91, 43.76±9.44, respectively. The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the fluorescence intensity of VEGF and AQP4 in the ILM specimens of the DR group was significantly positively correlated ( r=0.597, P=0.003). Conclusions:The expressions of VEGF and AQP4 in ILM of eyes with DR and DME are significantly increased compared with those without DME. The expression of VEGF and AQP4 in ILM of eyes with DR is positively correlated.

Bone mineral density in adult males: multi-factors analysis in the low-to-moderate fluoride exposure areas of Henan Province / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To explore the factors affecting bone mineral density (BMD) in adult males with low-to-moderate fluoride exposure in Henan Province.Methods:Adult male villagers from low-to-moderate fluoride exposure areas in Tongxu County, Kaifeng City, Henan Province were recruited from April to May 2017 based on cluster random sampling. Questionnaire survey, physical measurements and urinary samples collection were conducted respectively. Urinary fluoride (UF) was determined by fluoride ion-selective electrode. Ultrasound bone densitometer was used to measure BMD (T-score). Partial correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the influence factors of BMD.Results:A total of 439 adult males were included in this study. Age, body mass index (BMI), UF content, and T-score of the participants were (47.99 ± 8.49) years, (25.77 ± 3.23) kg/m 2, (1.34 ± 0.74) mg/L, and-1.79 ± 0.79, respectively. Partial correlation analysis showed a significantly positive correlation between BMI and T-score after age adjustment ( r = 0.194, P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression showed that T-score decreased by 0.015 (95% CI:-0.024 -- 0.005, P < 0.05) for each 1-year increase in age and T-score increased by 0.034 (95% CI: 0.009-0.059, P < 0.05) for each 1.0 kg/m 2 increase in BMI. Interaction analysis showed that T-score was closely related to the interaction between overweight (≥24.0 kg/m 2), non-smoking, tea drinking and UF [ β (95% CI): 0.134 (0.001-0.269), 0.163 (- 0.015-0.337), 0.215 (- 0.006-0.436), P < 0.10]. Conclusions:Our findings reveal a negative correlation between age and BMD, and a positive correlation between BMI and BMD in adult males with low-to-moderate fluoride exposure in Henan Province. In addition, low-to-moderate fluoride exposure is more likely to damage the BMD of smokers.

Research Method of Fatigue Performance of Surgically Implanted Heart Valve Stent / 中国医疗器械杂志

The aim of this study was to evaluate the fatigue property

Relationship between circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders and the development of malignant tumor / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

The circadian rhythm regulates many physiological processes of the human body. The circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder refers to a type of disease caused by the mismatch of sleep-wake cycle and circadian rhythm. It affects the human body's cognitive function and metabolic processes. The circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder also promotes the growth of malignant tumors, directly and indirectly, by changing the expression of clock genes and inhibiting the secretion of melatonin. This article discusses circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders; the subgroups it includes, the pathological state it causes, and the relationship between it and the development of malignant tumor. We hope to provide possible treatment measures for tumors affected by circadian sleep-wake disorders.

Meta analysis on the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 by traditional Chinese and Western medicine / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by Meta analysis.Methods:The clinical randomized controlled trials (RCT) and cohort studies on the treatment of COVID-19 with combination of Chinese traditional and Western medicine published on CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP database and PubMed were searched by computer from January 2020 to June 2020. Patients in the simple Western medicine treatment group were treated with routine treatment of Western medicine, and the patients in integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment group were treated with traditional Chinese medicine on the basis of routine treatment of Western medicine. The main outcome was the total effective rate of treatment. The secondary outcome were the antipyretic rate, chest CT recovery rate, lymphocyte count (LYM), C-reactive protein (CRP) level and safety. The Cochrane manual and the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) were used to evaluate the quality of the literature; the RevMan5.3 software was used to analyze the articles that meets the quality standards, and a funnel chart was drawn to evaluate the total effective publication bias.Results:Thirteen articles were analyzed, including 1 039 COVID-19 patients, 559 in integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment group and 480 in simple Western medicine treatment group. The results of Meta-analysis showed that compared with the simple Western medicine treatment group, the combination of routine treatment of Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine Qingfei Paidu decoction, Lianhua Qingwen granule, Shufeng jiedu capsule, Xuebijing injection or Reyanning mixture could significantly improve the total effective rate, antipyretic rate and chest CT recovery rate [total effective rate: odds ratio ( OR) = 2.95, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 2.10-4.14, P < 0.000 01; antipyretic rate: OR =3.01, 95% CI was 1.64-5.53, P = 0.000 4; chest CT recovery rate: OR = 2.53, 95% CI was 1.83-3.51, P = 0.000 1], increase LYM levels [mean difference ( MD) = 0.26, 95% CI was 0.02-0.50, P = 0.03], and reduce of CRP content ( MD = -17.68, 95% CI was -33.14 to -2.22, P = 0.02). Based on the funnel chart analysis of 12 articles with total efficiency, the result showed that the funnel chart distribution was not completely symmetrical, indicating that there might be publication bias. Conclusions:On the basis of routine treatment with Western medicine, combined with traditional Chinese medicine can significantly improve the total effective rate of COVID-19 and improve the laboratory results and clinical symptoms of patients. Compared with the routine treatment of Western medicine alone, the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine has better clinical efficacy and safety.

Visual analysis of influenza treated by traditional Chinese medicine based on CiteSpace / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To analyze the research status, research hotspots and frontier trends of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of influenza in the past 20 years through the knowledge graph, so as to provide reference basis for further research.Methods:The related literatures of TCM in the treatment of influenza were collected in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) from 2000 to 2019. The relevant graphs of authors, research institutions and key words were drawn by CiteSpace 5.6, the distribution and cooperation of main research forces in this field were analyzed, and the research frontiers and hot spot information in this field were discussed.Results:A total of 3 048 related literatures were obtained, involving 949 authors and 242 research institutions. The analysis of the number of articles showed that the volume of articles related to the treatment of influenza with TCM fluctuated greatly in the past 20 years, which was obviously affected by the sudden hot spots around 2010, but showed an overall upward trend, with an average annual volume of about 152 articles. The analysis of the author's cooperation map showed that a total of 77 core authors had published more than 5 articles, accounting for only 8.1% of all authors, and 5 authors had published more than 30 articles. Five major teams had been formed with Gu Ligang, Liu Qingquan, Lu Fangguo, Cui Xiaolan and Zhang Fengxue as the core. The analysis of the cooperation map of research institutions showed that the cooperation among institutions was not good, and only the scientific research institutes in Beijing and Guangzhou had formed a closely related cooperation network. The keyword co-occurrence map showed that 8 keywords appeared more than 100 times, especially ultra-high-frequency keywords, influenza virus ranked first ( n = 518). There were 14 key nodes, such as influenza virus, TCM treatment, viral pneumonia and so on, which supported the current research field of TCM in the treatment of influenza. Fourteen clusters were formed to classify the current research hotspots, including the nomenclature of influenza, virus type, TCM treatment, western medicine knowledge, etc., and the map showed that the clustering was reasonable and the structure was significant. Timeline graph showed that parainfluenza virus, virus disease, pharmacodynamics, heat-clearing and detoxifying drugs, bacteriostasis and experimental research had all been studied for more than 8 years, revealing the research hotspots and trends of TCM in the treatment of influenza. Conclusions:The overall research related to the treatment of influenza with TCM is relatively perfect. In the future, the close cooperation among authors and institutions should be strengthened. The molecular mechanism research, clinical and animal trials of TCM should be further studied, so as to improve the research system of TCM treatment of influenza.

Understanding and prevention of D-dimer elevation in coronavirus disease 2019 in traditional Chinese medicine / 中华危重病急救医学

2019 Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection caused a pandemic in the world. From the reported cases in the literatures, the level of D-dimer in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is positively correlated with the severity of illness, which needs the attention of clinical workers. According to Western medicine, the increase of D-dimer is related to the hyperactivity of fibrinolytic system and the shortening of prothrombin time (PT), resulting in excessive production and degradation of plasma fibrin and hypercoagulable state of blood, while traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) believes that the above syndromes belong to the pathogenesis of "blood stasis" according to TCM theories. Over the years, TCM has a significant effect on promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis and improving microcirculation. This article reviews the mechanism, clinical significance, understanding of TCM and common methods of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis caused by 2019-nCoV, in order to provide ideas for the prevention and treatment of impaired blood coagulation in patients with COVID-19.

Construction and assessment of a three-dimensional finite element model of mandibualr second molar mesialization using customized lingual appliance and mini-implant / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective@#To construct a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model and analyze the biomechanical characteristics during mandibular second molar mesialization using customized lingual appliances and mini-implant.@*Methods@#One adult student volunteer from The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University with lower left first molar extraction was selected. After CT scanning, Mimics, Geomagic, ANSYS were employed to develop a 3D finite element model including customized lingual brackets, stainless steel lingual arch wire, buccal buckles, lower dentition, periodontal ligaments and alveolar bone. Four different loading methods (1. the force of 1.470 N loaded at the lingual side only; 2, 3, 4. the forces of 0.490, 0.735 and 0.980 N loaded at both buccal and lingual sides, respectively.) were included. The initial displacements of the lower second molar and stress distribution in the periodontal ligaments were analyzed.@*Results@#More uniform stress distributions in the periodontal membrane of mandibular left second molar were found when the mesial force were loaded at both buccal and lingual sides than the force loaded at lingual side only. More inclination of the second molar was observed when force loaded at both sides than at lingual side only. With the values of the force increased, the mesial inclination potential of the second molar, the initial movement of the second molar and the stress distribution in the periodontal membrane increased. Under the force of 0.735 N at both buccal and lingual sides, mesially inclined initial displacements of the mandibuar second molar were observed and the stress values of von Mises was in the suitable area.@*Conclusions@#Less second molar rotation was found when the force loaded at both buccal and lingual sides than loaded at lingual side only. However, force loaded at both sides would increase the measial inclination potential of the second molar.

Changes of maxillary teeth and maxilla following quad helix maxillary expansion observed by Cone-Beam CT (CBCT) / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To evaluate dental and skeletal changes following slow maxillary expansion with quad helix using Cone-Beam computer tomography (CBCT).Methods:13 patients(5males and 8 females,mean age 14.38 ±2.22 years)requiring maxillary ex-pansion as a part of their comprehensive orthodontic treatment were included.Each patient had CBCT images taken pre-(T1 )and post-(T2)maxillary expansion with quad helix.Changes of the distances between bilateral canines,first premolars,second premo-lars,first molars,the width of basal bone and palatal suture were measured.paired t-test results were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 soft-ware.Results:The distances between the 4 bilateral teeth increased by (2.47 ±1.05)mm,(2.97 ±1.90)mm,(2.79 ±1.21) mm and (3.15 ±1.15)mm,the apical distances decreased by (1.19 ±0.40)mm,(2.12 ±0.68)mm,(2.02 ±0.65)mm and (1.34 ±0.63)mm,respectively.The inclination of the first molars were decreased by (4.45 ±2.86)°and (4.02 ±1.45)°on the left and right side respectively.The width of basal bone and palatal suture increased by (2.37 ±0.96)mm and (1.21 ±0.50)mm respectively,the differences between T1 and T2 were all statistically different(P <0.001).Conclusion:Quad helix expands maxil-lary arch by greater dental changes than by skeletal changes.

Comparison of Her-2 status in primary gastric cancer with the corresponding endoscopic biopsies and lymph node metastases / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:This study aimed to validate the accuracy and validity of Her-2 assessment used for endoscopic biopsies and lymph node metastases by comparing these samples with the surgical materials obtained from the same patients. This study also aimed to analyze the relationship between primary tumor and clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer. Methods:Her-2 sta-tus was evaluated according to Gastric cancer Her-2 testing guidelines in 107 cases of gastric cancers with coupled endoscopic biopsies and surgical materials and in 76 cases of the corresponding lymph node metastases. Results were then compared and analyzed. Re-sults:The complete concordance of the Her-2 status of endoscopic biopsies and surgical samples (n=107) was noted in 86.9%of the cases. This result is consistent between the two different samples (Z=6.381 3, P<0.000 1). Primary gastric cancer and the corresponding lymph node metastases also displayed uniformity (Z=3.027 4, P=0.002 5). The positive rate of Her-2 was significantly associated with Lauren type, tumor histological grade, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage. Conclusion:A high concordance was observed between primary tumor and biopsy specimen (endoscopic biopsies and lymph node metastases), in which Her-2 status exhibit-ed a high predictive value. Her-2 status is correlated with invasion and cancer metastasis. Hence, the most appropriate criteria for Her-2 status assessment in lymph nodes should be considered to improve the Her-2 diagnosis system of gastric cancer.

Realization of DICOM medical image compression technology / 中国医疗器械杂志

This paper introduces the implement method of DICOM medical image compression technology, The image part of DICOM files are extracted and converted to BMP format. The non-image information in DICOM file are stored into the text. When the final image of JPEG standard and non-image information are encapsulated to DICOM format images, it realizes the compression of medical image, which is beneficial to the image storage and transmission.

Cluster application in PACS system / 中国医疗器械杂志

How to use clustering techniques in PACS system is introduced. Two kinds of cluster solution to configure PACS system is proposed.

Analysis of 34 Cases with Laparoscopic Supracervical Hysterectomy / 医学研究杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical results of patients submitted to laparoscopic assisted supracervical hysterectomy for benign uterine disease.Methods Women referred for supracervical hysterectomy for benign uterine diseases were divided into laparoscopy group(n=34)or open group(n=30).The operative time,blood loss,complications,morbidity,ileus,wound infections were compared between the two groups.Results In terms of Operative time,both of total operative time and oophosalpingorectomy time,there was no significant difference between laparoscopic group and open group.Less blood loss was found in laparoscopic group than open group.No complications were found in both groups.Conclusions Laparoscopic assisted supracervical hysterectomy is a safer and easier approach to complete supracervical hysterectomy with reduced blood loss and quick convalescence.It can be successfully integrated into a large health maintenance organization/residency-training program.

The Induced Differentiation of Hepatic Stem/Progenitor Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Blood / 医学研究杂志

Objective To study the possibility of umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells(UCB MNCs) having polydifferential potention to be induced and differentiated into hepatic stem/progenitor cells.Methods Collecting 32 cases fresh UCB from mature delivery,UCB MNCs were isolated by density-step centrifugal effect and were randomly divided into two groups:(1) control group 8 cases:the basic medium supplemented without cytokines;(2) trial group 24 cases,divided into four groups randomly,and the experimental results were detected at 0d,7d,14d,21d,respectively.The basic medium supplemented with various combinations of growth /differentiation factors(FGF-1,FGF-2,LIF,SCF,HGF,and OSM);cell morphological change was observed,hALBmRNA was examinated using RT-PCR methods,the expressions of ALB、CK18、CK19 were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results In trial group cell number increased,cell volume enlarged,refraction strong,polymorphic cells(mostly oval cells) appeared and obviously attached on the culture dishes.The expression of CK18、CK19、ALB were positive by immunohistochemistry,and the level of hALBmRNA improved along with the culture time.Conclusions UCB MNCs can be induced and differentiated into hepatic stem/progenitor cells in vitro.Human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells may be a new source of transplantable hepatic stem/progenitor cells and hepatocytes.

Cell ultrastructure and function studied by scanning near-field optics / 中国病理生理杂志

Scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) is developing on the base of near-field optical theory and SPM technique, and producing the highest optical resolution to break through the diffraction limit. It is able to study cellular ultrastructure, function and interaction between biomolecules without destructing the living cells. Recent advances in applying SNOM to cellular and molecular biology were introduced in this review.

Ultrastructure and function of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To study the cytoskeleton of mesench ymal stem cells (MSCs), the ultrastructure and function relationship by using atomic force microscope (AFM). METHODS: The ultrastructures and morphological feature of MSCs c ultured for 1 d and 5 d were studied by AFM. RESULTS: The special structures that possess peculiar morphologi cal characteristic of MSCs such as cytoskeleton, pseudopod, microfilament etc we re identified by AFM, and these special structures are difficult to observe unde r electronic microscopy or other conventional optical microscopy. CONCLUSIONS: AFM is a powerful tool to study ultrastructures, mo rphological features, and cytoskeleton of stem cells in near physiological condi t ions. Its application prospect in cellular biology is extensive. The special cyt oskeleton and other structures of MSCs observed above may represent the structur al base of multi-differentiation potential of MSCs.