Effect of low-level laser therapy on bisphosphonate-treated osteoblasts / 대한악안면성형재건외과학회지

BACKGROUND: This study investigates the effect of alendronate-treated osteoblasts, as well as the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the alendronate-treated osteoblasts. Bisphosphonate decreases the osteoblastic activity. Various treatment modalities are used to enhance the bisphosphonate-treated osteoblasts; however, there were no cell culture studies conducted using a low-level laser. METHODS: Human fetal osteoblastic (hFOB 1.19) cells were treated with 50 μM alendronate. Then, they were irradiated with a 1.2 J/cm² low-level Ga-Al-As laser (λ = 808 ± 3 nm, 80 mW, and 80 mA; spot size, 1 cm²; NDLux, Seoul, Korea). The cell survivability was measured with the MTT assay. The three cytokines of osteoblasts, receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) were analyzed. RESULTS: In the cells treated with alendronate at concentrations of 50 μM and higher, cell survivability significantly decreased after 48 h (p < 0.05). After the applications of low-level laser on alendronate-treated cells, cell survivability significantly increased at 72 h (p < 0.05). The expressions of OPG, RANKL, and M-CSF have decreased via the alendronate. The RANKL and M-CSF expressions have increased, but the OPG was not significantly affected by the LLLT. CONCLUSIONS: The LLLT does not affect the OPG expression in the hFOB cell line, but it may increase the RANKL and M-CSF expressions, thereby resulting in positive effects on osteoclastogenesis and bone remodeling.

Induction of Selective Cell Death of Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells by Integrin alpha2 Antibody and EGFR Antibody

Response of Odontoblast to the Bio-Calcium Phosphate Cement

Effect of Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound with Adipose-Derived Stem Cells on Bone Healing around a Titanium Implant in Tibia of Osteoporosis-Induced Rats

Biomechanical evaluation on bone regeneration in mandibular distraction osteogenesis combined with compression stimulation

The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical, biomechanical, and histologic changes in new distraction osteogenesis (DO) technique combined with a compression stimulation in accordance to different compression-distraction force ratio. 23 adult male rabbits underwent open-osteotomy at the mandibular body area and a external distraction device was applied. In the control group of 8 rabbits, only a 8 mm of distraction was performed by conventional DO technique. In an experimental group of 15 rabbits, a distraction followed by a compression force was performed according to the ratio of compression-distraction suggested by authors. The rate of experimental group I was set up as a 2 mm compression versus 10 mm distraction and the rate of experimental group II was set up as a 3 mm compression versus 11 mm distraction. All the rabbits were sacrificed for a gross finding, biomechanical, histomorphometric and histologic findings at the time of 55 days from the operation day. The results were as follows: 1. On the gross findings, because all rabbits had a sufficient healing time, every distracted new bone had good bone quality and we could not find any difference among all three groups. 2. In the histologic findings, rapid bone maturation (wide lamellar bone formation in the cancellous and cortical bone areas) was observed in two experimental groups compared to the control group. 3. On the bone density tests, the experimental group II showed higher bone density than the other experimental group and control group (control group - 0,2906 g/cm2, experimental group I - 0.2961 g/cm2, experimental group II - 0.3328 g/cm2). 4. On the biomechanical tests, the experimental group II had significantly higher bone microhardness than the other experimental group and control group (control group - 252.7 MPa, experimental group I - 263.5 MPa, experimental group II - 426.0 MPa). 5. On the microhardness tests, when we compared the hardness ratio of distracted bone versus normal bone, we could find experimental group II had significantly higher hardness ratio than the other experimental group and control group (control group - 0.47, experimental group I - 0.575, experimental group II - 0.80). From this study, we could deduce that the modified distraction osteogenesis method with a compression stimulation might improve the quality of bone regeneration and shorten the consolidation period in comparison with conventional distraction osteogenesis techniques.

The reaction of bone regenerate to the various force ratio and periods on distraction osteogenesis with combined distraction force and compression force

The appearence of proinflammatory cytokines in temporomandibular joint disorders after arthrocentesis and lavage

The purpose of this study is that evaluate the distribution and biological roles of TNF-a, interleukin-1beta(IL-1beta), interleukin-6(IL-6) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1) in the synovial fliud of patients with non-inflammatory chronic temporomandibular joint(TMJ) disorders in relation to pain during joint movements and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) findings. TMJ synovial fluids aspirates were obtained from 36 patients (36 joints) with chronic TMJ disorders and from 8 controls(8 joints). Patients were divided to four groups. The control group was from healthy volunteers(8 joints), group I(18 joints) was patients with anterior disc displacement with reduction, group II(5 joints) was patients with disc displacement without reduction and group III (5 joints) was osteoarthritis. The TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 levels in the aspirates were determined by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the TIMP-1 level was measured by an enzyme immunoassay. Following examinations for pain during joint movements and MRI observations, these cytokines'level and frequencies of detection were compared. The level of IL-1beta was not significant different in all groups. but the level of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and TIMP-1 were significant different among groups. The level of IL-6 and TIMP-1 were correlated to pain during movement(p <0.01) and the level of TNF-a(p <0.05). Also, the level of IL-6 was correlated to the level of TIMP-1(p <0.01). Especially, The level of the TIMP-1 level was significantly correlated to the pain during movement and showed very high levle of Pearson's correlation coefficient (r=0.833)(p <0.001). The results indicated that the TNF-alpha, IL-6 and TIMP-1 levels in the TMJ aspirates of patients with chronic TMJ disorders have been raised. Especially, IL-6 and TIMP-1 were very high levels in the patients who were degraded in the TMJ. Also, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and TIMP-1 showed the significant correlation in the chronic temporomandibular joint disorders. Therefore I suggest that these cytokines were also correlated to the pain during movement in the chronic temporomandibular joint disorders.

Experipental study of role of compression forces on distraction osteogenesis on the rat mandible

Distraction osteogenesis is a biologic process of new bone formation between the surfaces of bone segments that are gradually separated by incremental traction. Distraction osteogenesis is clinically applied as a new treatment modality of mandibular hypoplasia or bony defect area in maxillofacial area by many studies of distraction devices and method. But disadvantage of distraction osteogenesis shows unfavorably long consolidation period and relapse tendency. Therefore. this experiment was designed to investigate the effectiveness of combined application of distraction and compression force for improving of bone quality and shortening of treatment period during distraction osteogenesis. Twenty-one Sprague-Dawley rats with 300-350gm were used. These were divided into two group as distraction group and combination group was applied with compression force in the consolidation period. The rat were sacrificed for gross finding, radiographic and histologic findings. at 2, 4 weeks after distraction. The result were follow : 1. On radiographic finding, all experimental groups appeared more radiopacity than control groups both at 2, 4 weeks after distraction. 2. On histologic finding, trabeculae of bone and mature lamellar bone were showed increasingly in experimental group. Ossification occured rapidly. From this study, we may suggest that compression force application in consolidation period during distraction osteogenesis can be useful method improve bone quality and to shorten the treatment period. But more experimental and clinical studis are necessitated on effects of compression force application during distraction osteogenesis.

The effect of hepatocyte growth factor for repair of the bone defect

Bone healing plays an important role in orthognathic and craniofacial surgery. Bone tissue repair and regeneration are regulated by an array of growth and morphogenetic factors. Bone formation and remodeling require continuous generation of osteoprogenitor cells from bone marrow stromal cells, which generate and respond to a variety of growth factors with putative roles in hematopoiesis and mesenchymal differentiation. In this study, the efficacy of a single application of hepatocyte growth factor to promote bone regeneration in 5-mm experimental calvarial defects of adult male rats was assessed histologically and immunohistochemically. The result of the experimental site were compared with those of the contralateral contral side. None of the control and experimental bone defects demonstrated complete bone closure. Bone regeneration was found close th the margine and central part of the defects. At 1, 2 weeks, there were found much significant cellural mitotic activity and many inflammatory cells and osteoblasts on the experimental site than control site. At 4, 6 weeks, new bone apposition was founded in both site but, more apposition was seen at experimental site. At 8, 12 weeks, also, some differences was found that more apposition of new bone and collagen fiber was seen on experimental site. Our results have some possibility that HGF do a early positive role to repair the bone defect. More study will be needed.

The study of the predictors in arthrocentesis and lavage of temporomandibular joint disorder : retrospective evaluation of anterior disc displacement without reduction

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to find the predictors for successful arthrocentesis for anterior disc displacement without reduction(ADD without Reduction) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Arthrocentesis and lavage was carried out in 25TMJs of 22patients whose MRI findings were all anterior disc displacement without reduction. The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated in terms of the postoperative range of maximal mouth opening (MMO) and the degree of postoperative pain score. Predectors which was analyzed were age, duration of painful locking, MMO, the degree of pain, perioperative clicking and the amounts of irrigation fluid. RESULTS: 18cases (72%) was included to criteria for success. There were no significant differences in age, duration of locking, MMO and the degree of pain statistically. But In 15cases(83%) of successful cases, amouts of irrigated solution recovered to normal MMO were less than 150ml. And In 8cases (44%) of successful cases, perioperative clicking was appeared. CONCULSION: Amounts of irrigated solution recovered to normal MMO and the appeareance of perioperative clkicking may be predictors of the successful results of arthrocenetesis of ADD without reduction of TMJ.

Reconstruction of palatal defect using palatal flap

The Reconstructive techniques of palatal defect are palatal island flap, palatal mucoperiosteal expansion, buccal flap, tongue flap, pushback palatoplasty, free flap and so on. We report a reconstruction of palatal defect using palatal flap. Excellent results were obtained by palatal connective tissue island flap and split thickness pedicle flap. Healing of defect occured rapidly. There were no postoperative complications except dull pain.

Pleomorphic adenoma of the cheek in the young patient: report of a case

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common intraoral salivary gland tumor and characteristically presents as slow painless growth. The cheek are rarely affected site of all pleomorphic adenoma arising from minor salivary glands. In this report, we present the case of a patient with pleomorphic adenoma that affects the cheek. The purpose of this paper is to report this case and review the features of the pleomorphic adenoma occuring in this site.

Comparative Study of Panoramic Mandibular Parameters in Postmenopausal Osteoporotic women

Osteoporosis has recently been recognized as a major health problem in the elderly population. The disorder is manifested as a loss of bone mass accompanied by structural alteration of bone and increased incidence of fracture. Mandible also may be affected. So, I evaluated panoramic views of 66 postmenopausal women for finding the possibility of useful diagnostic mandibular parmeters of osteoporosis. To know the correlationship between skeleton and mandible, the average of the bone mineral density of lumbar from 2nd to 4th by the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA, LUNAR DPZ. USA), and age and mandibular parameters, that is, the number of residual teeth, alveolar ridge resorption ratio, panoramic mandibular index (PMI), mandibular cortical width (MCW), angular cortical thickness (ACT), ramus cortical thickness (RCT), morphology of mandibular inferior cortical (MIC) were compared. And I divided the all tested women to the osteoporotic group and non-osteoporotic group by the use of T-score-2.0, which was derived from skeletal bone mineral density (BMD). To find the correlationship of the each group with mandibular parameters, t-test and discriminant analysis were done. The results of the t-test were that all parameters were highly related with 2 groups (p<0.05). Especially ACT, MIC, age have had even higher correlationship than others (p<0.001). The results of the discriminant analysis by the use of these ACT, MIC and age were that the discriminant function was Z =-2.973+(-1.447)x(ACT)+1.131x(MIC score)+(0.052)x(age), the cutting score was 0.257 and the classification accuracy was 84.8%. Therefore I suggest that the consideration of the angular cortical thickness (ACT), the age of patient and the morphology of mandibular inferior cortical(MIC) may help find the osteoporosis.

Orthrognathic Surgery in Severe Chronic Renal Failure Patient

The kidneys play a vital role in the maintenance of normal body fluid volumes and in the composition of the extracellular fluid compartments. There are normally more than 2 million functioning glomeruli that regulate total body water and solute concentrations. As renal failure progresses, there is a decrease in the number of functioning nephrons. Chronic renal failure(CRF) is the consequence of a multitude of diseases that cause permanent destruction of the nephron. Azotemia is an elevation in blood urea nitrogen(BUN) and serum creatinine levels subsequent to a decreased glomerular filtration rate(GFR), which results in uremia. This loss of renal function can cause functional and metabolic abnomalities of body. For this problem, oral & maxillofacial surgeons have demanded to routinely treat patients with CRF. However, there has not been a reported case of orthognathic surgery by bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy(BSSRO) in patients with CRF, which can cause multiple complications in healthy patients. We report developmental mechanism of complication associated with CRF and preop. and postop. care of orthognathic surgery by BSSRO in ClIII patient with severe chronic renal failure.

Histological Comparative Study of Chided Bone Regeneration With Gore-Tex(TM) Membrane and Collacote(R)