RESUMEN
Background: Neurosonography is an important test in the diagnosis of hemorrhage and other acquired and congenital brain pathologies of the newborn. Portability of the study, lack of need to transport baby to radiology services, and the wealth of diagnostic information available from a large open anterior fontanelle makes this study a highly challenging one. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of neurosonogram in diagnosing intracranial pathologies and to analyze the results of our study with the studies in the present literature. Materials and methods: Patients who were referred to Department of Radiology for neurosonogram in NRI Medical College in the period of December 2015 to October 2017. 62 neonates with age less than 28 days were included in the study. It was a descriptive observational study with no potential risk. Results: The present study included 62 babies of which (32) 52% were male and (30) 48% were female babies, of which majority of them are of age less than 1 week (66%) and preterm 58% (36). Most common indication for the scan was as a part preterm care (25.8%) and rest of them had respiratory distress, convulsions and birth asphyxia, shock, sepsis and jaundice. 52% of the babies had abnormal findings of which most common pathology was intraventricular/ germinal matrix hemorrhage of different grades accounting to 13(21%) babies. Others cases include 8(12%) hydrocephalus, 5(8%) periventricular leucomalacia changes, 8(13%) congenital anomalies, 2 (3%) had signs of infection (TORCH) and 2 miscellaneous cases. Conclusions: This study shows that neurosonogram is the best modality for non-invasive bedside imaging for cranial abnormalities in neonates. Despite the advances in multi-slice CT and MRI, NSG is the most commonly used first baseline modality, considering growing economic pressure, and low Sameera Allu, T. Rajeswara Rao, Akhila Sai Sree Cherukuri. Neurosonogram for cranial abnormalities of neonates. IAIM, 2019; 6(9): 1-6. Page 2 invasiveness as well as easy availability of US that can easily be repeated at any time. It has good sensitivity for picking up most of the common pathologies in a neonate brain.