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Objective To understand the characteristics of HIV infected persons without long term disease progress [also known as long term non-progressors (LTNPs)],and related factors in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi).Methods Data of persons living with HIV and receiving no antiretroviral therapy in Guangxi by the end of 2016 were collected from the national HIV/AIDS comprehensive control and prevention information system of China.Results By the end of 2016,there were 313 LTNPs in Guangxi,accounting for 2.3 ％ of those being reported for more than 10 years,5.4％ of those being reported for more than 10 years and surviving,and 26.6％ of those being reported for more than 10 years,surviving and receiving no antiretroviral therapy.Among the LTNPs,87.2％(273) were men,94.9％ (297) were aged ≤ 40 years,32.3％ (101) were farmers,55.6％ (174) were single,divorced or widowed,69.3％ (217) were of Han ethnic group,68.1％ (213) were injecting drug users,and 52.1％ (163) were from custody facilities.Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that factors associated with delayed disease progression included age ≤40 years (compared with age ＞40 years,aOR=1.55,95％ CI:1.31-3.12) and injection drug use (compared with sexual transmission,aOR=1.23,95％ CI:1.10-1.74).Conclusions A number of LTNPs existed in HIV-infected individuals in Guangxi.Further research are needed to identify the related factors,and it is necessary to conduct large sample size studies on host immunology,genetics and the virology of HIV to explore the related mechanism.
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Objective To understand the characteristics of HIV infected persons without long term disease progress [also known as long term non-progressors (LTNPs)],and related factors in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi).Methods Data of persons living with HIV and receiving no antiretroviral therapy in Guangxi by the end of 2016 were collected from the national HIV/AIDS comprehensive control and prevention information system of China.Results By the end of 2016,there were 313 LTNPs in Guangxi,accounting for 2.3 ％ of those being reported for more than 10 years,5.4％ of those being reported for more than 10 years and surviving,and 26.6％ of those being reported for more than 10 years,surviving and receiving no antiretroviral therapy.Among the LTNPs,87.2％(273) were men,94.9％ (297) were aged ≤ 40 years,32.3％ (101) were farmers,55.6％ (174) were single,divorced or widowed,69.3％ (217) were of Han ethnic group,68.1％ (213) were injecting drug users,and 52.1％ (163) were from custody facilities.Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that factors associated with delayed disease progression included age ≤40 years (compared with age ＞40 years,aOR=1.55,95％ CI:1.31-3.12) and injection drug use (compared with sexual transmission,aOR=1.23,95％ CI:1.10-1.74).Conclusions A number of LTNPs existed in HIV-infected individuals in Guangxi.Further research are needed to identify the related factors,and it is necessary to conduct large sample size studies on host immunology,genetics and the virology of HIV to explore the related mechanism.
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Objective To understand the impact of HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) co-infectious (HIV/MTB) on related mortality in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,provide evidence for the development of a better HIV/MTB co-infection control and prevention program.Methods A multiple cross-systems check (MCSC) approach was used to confirm the HIV/MTB co-infection individuals on data related to treatment,follow-up,epidemiological comprehensive and Tuberculosis (TB) special report system.Social demography characteristics,incidence of TB among HIV positive individuals,HIV incidence among MTB infection persons etc.,were described.We compared the mortalities and related risks between HIV/MTB co-infection and mono HIV positive individuals as well as between the HIV/MTB co-infection and mono MTB infection persons,using both the Chi Square test and the Cox's proportional hazard regression model (Cox).Results Reported data showed that the incidence of MTB co-infection in the HIV cohort was 17.72％ (2 533/14 293),while HIV incidence in the TB patients was 5.57％ (2 351/42 205),respectively.The mortality of HIV/MTB co-infection in the HIV/AIDS cohort was 15.16％ (384/2 533) within one-year of observation and was significantly higher than the mortality (13.63 ％,1 603/11 760) of mono HIV positive individuals (P＜0.000 1).The percentage of the HIV/AIDS death cases was 19.33％ (384/1 987) who registered and died in the 2011 calendar year were caused by MTB co-infection.Among all the HIV/MTBco-infection patients who had been identified from the HIV cohort,60.05％ (1 521/2 533) had initiated ART,15.48％ (392/2 533) had been cured for TB and 27.48％ (696/2 533) had been under complete TB regimen.Among the confirmed HIV/MTB cases from the TB cohort,the cure rate of TB was 19.70％ (463/2 351) and the percentage of completed TB regimen was 37.26％ (876/2 351).The percentage of the individuals whose CD4+ T lymphocyte cells count appeared less than 200 cell/μl was 64.13％ (785/1 224),upon the HIV diagnoses were made.Compared with individuals who were under mono HIV infection,the mortality risk on HIV/MTB co-infection was 1.17 times higher during the five-year observation period,then the patients with only mono MTB infection and the mortality risk in patients with HIV/MTB co-infection was 25.68 times higher under the 12-month observation period.Conclusions Both the incidence and mortality of HIV/MTB appeared high in Guangxi,with mortality and the risk of mortality in the HIV/MTB co-infection group significantly higher than that in both the HIV mono infection and the MTB mono infections groups.Both the rate of antiretroviral treatment coverage and the cure rate of TB treatment should be increased in no time as well as the capability of early TB case-finding among people living with HIV.
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Objective To understand the impact of HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) co-infectious (HIV/MTB) on related mortality in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,provide evidence for the development of a better HIV/MTB co-infection control and prevention program.Methods A multiple cross-systems check (MCSC) approach was used to confirm the HIV/MTB co-infection individuals on data related to treatment,follow-up,epidemiological comprehensive and Tuberculosis (TB) special report system.Social demography characteristics,incidence of TB among HIV positive individuals,HIV incidence among MTB infection persons etc.,were described.We compared the mortalities and related risks between HIV/MTB co-infection and mono HIV positive individuals as well as between the HIV/MTB co-infection and mono MTB infection persons,using both the Chi Square test and the Cox's proportional hazard regression model (Cox).Results Reported data showed that the incidence of MTB co-infection in the HIV cohort was 17.72％ (2 533/14 293),while HIV incidence in the TB patients was 5.57％ (2 351/42 205),respectively.The mortality of HIV/MTB co-infection in the HIV/AIDS cohort was 15.16％ (384/2 533) within one-year of observation and was significantly higher than the mortality (13.63 ％,1 603/11 760) of mono HIV positive individuals (P＜0.000 1).The percentage of the HIV/AIDS death cases was 19.33％ (384/1 987) who registered and died in the 2011 calendar year were caused by MTB co-infection.Among all the HIV/MTBco-infection patients who had been identified from the HIV cohort,60.05％ (1 521/2 533) had initiated ART,15.48％ (392/2 533) had been cured for TB and 27.48％ (696/2 533) had been under complete TB regimen.Among the confirmed HIV/MTB cases from the TB cohort,the cure rate of TB was 19.70％ (463/2 351) and the percentage of completed TB regimen was 37.26％ (876/2 351).The percentage of the individuals whose CD4+ T lymphocyte cells count appeared less than 200 cell/μl was 64.13％ (785/1 224),upon the HIV diagnoses were made.Compared with individuals who were under mono HIV infection,the mortality risk on HIV/MTB co-infection was 1.17 times higher during the five-year observation period,then the patients with only mono MTB infection and the mortality risk in patients with HIV/MTB co-infection was 25.68 times higher under the 12-month observation period.Conclusions Both the incidence and mortality of HIV/MTB appeared high in Guangxi,with mortality and the risk of mortality in the HIV/MTB co-infection group significantly higher than that in both the HIV mono infection and the MTB mono infections groups.Both the rate of antiretroviral treatment coverage and the cure rate of TB treatment should be increased in no time as well as the capability of early TB case-finding among people living with HIV.
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Objective To explore the influencing factors of late diagnosis for newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS positive patients in Guangxi in 2015.Methods The CD4 + T lymphocytes count which was first detection for newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS positive patients in Guangxi during 2015 was collected.Data were statistically analyzed.Results We collected 8 586 newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS whose median CD4+ T lymphocytes counts was 237.5 cells/μl,and 43.12％ of them had less than 200 cells/μl.Gender,age,occupation,marriage,nation,education,route of transmission,types of testing and region had effects on late HIV diagnosis(all P ＜ 0.05).Logistic analysis found that risk factors associated with the late diagnosis of HIV were male(OR =1.851,95％ CI:1.673-2.048),migrant worker (OR =1.387,95％ CI:1.242-1.549),education below middle and secondary school(OR =1.619,95％ CI:1.400-1.873),currently married(OR =1.207,95％ CI:1.075-1.354),divorced or widowed(OR =1.508,95％ CI:1.309-1.738).Voluntary testing was a protective factor.Conclusions The prevalence the late diagnosis of HIV was high in Guangxi in 2015,it is crucial for related departments to enhance the testing and screening effort for HIV/AIDS.
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Objective To understand dynamic variation of CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes counts and influencing factors among patients receiving highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) in Guangxi.Methods Adult patients who received antiviral treatment for the first time after 1 January 2013 were selected.Their CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes counts at baseline,6 months and 12 months after treatment were analyzed.By using the general linear model repeated measures ANOVA,CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes dynamic variations and influencing factors were described and analyzed.Results The average CD4 cell counts of 4 082 patients at baseline,6th months and 12th months were (195.3 ± 155.7) cells/mm3,(331.9 ± 202.6) cells/mm3 and (380.9 ± 221.3) cells/mm3,respectively.The time specific differences in CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes count among them were statistically significant (F=3 161.124,P=0.000).CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes counts increased over time after treatment.The main influencing factors were sex,age,baseline CD4 cell count,medication,discontinuation of treatment or dose miss.Influenced by sex,age,medication,discontinuation of treatment or dose miss,the increased CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes count showed a linear trend.Influenced by baseline CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes counts and dose miss,the increase of CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes count showed a trend which was conformed to quadratic curvilinear equation.Conclusion CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes counts among patients receiving HAART in Guangxi were influenced by many factors.It is necessary to select the time to start treatment according to patient' s characteristics to get good outcome.