Factors Influencing the Knowledge Level of Farmers about Solar Pumps in Jodhpur District of Rajasthan, India

The research investigation was carried out in Rajasthan's Jodhpur district. In the Jodhpur district of Rajasthan, there are a total of seven tehsils. Osian and Balesar were chosen as the two tehsils with the most solar pumps installed. On the basis of who would benefit from solar pumps the most, ten villages from each chosen tehsil were selected. Twenty villages were chosen because they had the most solar pumps, and one hundred twenty-five (125) respondents were chosen from them. Age, caste, education level, size of land holding, family type, social participation, annual family income, occupation, extension contact, and mass utilization were identified as the significant variables that may have influenced the level of knowledge of farmers about solar pumps in the research that examined the social economic status of the respondents. This study revealed that although farmers' awareness of solar pumps was positively and strongly correlated with age, educational attainment, social engagement, occupation, extension contact, and media use. Family type, annual income, and size of land holding show positive and significant relationships with farmers' solar pumps knowledge levels, while caste indicates a negative and non-significant association.

Effect of Foliar Application of Nano Urea on Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.): A Review

maize requires large amounts of nutrients for appropriate growth, production and yield, it is regarded as a crop that is nutrient-exhaustive. The nutrient requirements of the maize crop can be maintained with the use of effective nutrient management techniques. Nanotechnology is gradually making its way from the experimental to the useful realms, like the development of slow-release fertilizers, conditional release of pesticides and herbicides, on the basis of nanotechnology has become critically important for promoting the development of environment friendly and sustainable agriculture. Traditional fertilisation techniques may undergo a revolution thanks to the inherent features of nanoparticles, which enable improved nutrient absorption, precision distribution and greater bioavailability. The results, as evidenced by multiple studies, indicate significant improvements in growth parameters, seed production, and overall plant health.

Correlation of serum ferritin, LDH, CRP with chest findings- CT severity index in COVID-19 patients

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by a highly infectious virus primarily transmitted from person to person. The initial clinical manifestations of the condition are non-specific, characterized by the presence of fever and cough. These symptoms may resolve independently or escalate to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multiple organ failure, and ultimately, mortality. Methods: The research was conducted at Moolchand Khairatiram Hospital in the COVID-19 wards and ICU in New Delhi. The blood samples were collected and then analyzed to evaluate the following parameters: C-reactive protein (CRP), serum ferritin, and LDH are the three biomarkers of interest. The statistical significance threshold was established at a p value of less than 0.05. Results: The study included 200 patients, 49% of whom were male and 51% of whom were female. A link was discovered between the outcome and the CT severity index. Patients who had a CT severity index of 21-25 died at the highest rate. The CT severity index and ferritin were found to have a significant relationship, with patients with elevated ferritin levels reporting the highest CT severity index scores. Conclusions: A statistically significant association was observed between the CT severity index and the outcome, with the highest mortality rate observed in patients who had a CT severity index of 21-25. The parameters above are crucial in assessing the condition and predicting the outcome of individuals afflicted with COVID-19.

Health profile of primary school students: a cross sectional study among urban and rural areas of eastern Haryana

Background: Healthy children are the foundation for a healthy nation and nation’s future depends on the status of the children. School Health Program aims to strengthen health promotion and disease prevention intervention. Objective was to assess the health status of primary school students in urban and rural areas of Panipat, Haryana. Methods: This school based cross sectional study was conducted in the urban and rural field practice areas of community medicine department, NCMCH, Panipat during February-March 2023. Convenience sampling was adopted to select primary schools from 1st to 5th standard. A semi-structured proforma was used to record information regarding anthropometric measurements, physical examination, clinical findings etc. Results: Total 261 primary school students were examined. Most common morbidity identified was ENT problems (ear wax, ear discharge) in both urban (80%) and rural (50%) students. Poor personal hygiene was observed in 1/5th students. Skin problems, refractory errors, micronutrient deficiency and respiratory problems were also identified. Difference between the nutritional status in urban and rural students was found to be statistically significant. Conclusions: The common health problems found in children such as ear discharge, anaemia, poor personal hygiene and undernutrition can be addressed with implementation of school health programme in effective way.

Modified Alvarado score versus Tzanaki’s Score in diagnosing acute appendicitis: An observational study

Background: Appendix is a blind muscular tube derived from the midgut. During the embryogenic development, in the 6th week appendix and cecum appear as out pouching from midguts caudal limb. Acute appendicitis is one the most common diagnosis made whenever patient presents with right illac fossa pain and mostly encountered in young and middle-aged individuals. The diagnosis and management of acute appendicitis depend on clinical presentation, that is, clinical signs and symptoms. The most common presentations in these cases have abdominal pain along with fever, anorexia, nausea, and vomiting. Various Scoring systems are developed to diagnose acute appendicitis based mainly on the presenting signs and symptoms, but widely none of them are used as an uniform scoring system. Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess effectiveness and comparison of modified Alvarado score and Tzanaki’s Score in the early diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was done in department of General Surgery JLN Medical College Hospital, Ajmer which included 200 patients presenting with the signs and symptoms of acute appendicitis, clinically. During admission the patients were evaluated by Modified Alvarado score and Tzanaki’s Score and final surgical decision was taken by the treating surgeon. Finally, the scores were compared with the histopathological examination of the surgically operated specimen. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of Modified Alvarado Score was 84.26% and 72.7%, respectively, with a positive predictive value of 96.15% and negative predictive value of 36.3%. The sensitivity and specificity of Tzanaki’s score was 88.2% and 72.7%, respectively, with a positive predictive value of 96.31% and negative predictive value of 43.24%. The diagnostic accuracy of Alvarado score was 83% and that of Tzanaki’s score was 86.5%. Conclusions: Our study showed that Modified Alvarado scoring system is a simple tool with limited features for bedside diagnosis of acute appendicitis, but its effectiveness is not as good as that of Tzanaki’s scoring system.

Intestinal obstruction – A retrospective study of 150 cases

Mechanical bowel obstruction presenting acutely is a common surgical emergency and a frequently encountered problem in department of surgery. Intestinal obstruction continues to remain a challenge to surgeons despite advances in field of medicine, pathophysiology, surgical technique and conservative management. This retrospective study in patients operated for acute mechanical bowel obstruction in our department, was intended to highlight the common causes of intestinal obstruction in this geographical location of the study which had suggested measures for prevention and treatment of the condition. 150 patients who underwent exploratory laparotomy for intestinal obstruction were compared in terms of age, sex, symptoms, etiology of intestinal obstruction, site of obstruction, operative procedure performed

Quorum sensing (QS) as etiological phenomenon: the bacterial paradigm.

Signaling mechanisms that govern physiological and morphological responses to change the cell density are common in bacteria. Quorum sensing is signal transduction processes which involves the production and release of and response to hormone-like molecules (auto-inducers) that accumulate in the external environment as the cell population grows. Quorum sensing is found in a wide variety of bacteria, both Gram-positive and Gram-negative and the spectrum of physiological functions that can be regulated is impressive. Variation in the nature of the extra-cellular signal in the signal detection machinery and in the mechanisms of signal transmission demonstrates the evolutionary adaptability of quorum sensing systems for multiple uses.

Antifertility effects of leaf extracts of some plants in male rats.

Ethanolic leaf extracts of different local folklore plants (Azadirachta indica, Beaumontia grandiflora, Chordia dichotoma, Casiarea tomentosa, Diospyros embryopteris, Milletia auriculata and Melia azedarach) were investigated for antifertility effects on male rats in oral doses of 100 mg/kg daily for 21 days. Though, none of these extracts interfered with spermatogenesis, anti-implantational and abortifacient effects were observed in females mated by the males fed with leaf extracts of A. indica and C. dichotoma. Leaf extract of B. grandiflora besides having anti-implantational and abortifacient effects, had luteolytic effects. Abolition of libido in 100% males by leaf extracts of D. embryopteris and M. azedarach and in 60% of males by extract of C. tomentosa preclude these plants for antifertility use.