RESUMEN
Background: Vitamin D deficiency is pandemic, yet it is the most under-diagnosed and under-treated nutritional decency in the world. It is a serious public health problem, particularly in the Indian sub- continent. This study was done to evaluate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in apparently healthy individuals. Methods: The data of 25-hydroxy(OH) vitamin D assay of 540 healthy individuals, enrolled under executive health checkup at orthopedics ward of S.K. Hospital SIKAR over a period of two years, were extracted from the hospital information system and was reviewed. 25(OH) vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25(OH) vitamin D< 20 ng/ml, insufficiency as 25(OH) vitamin D between 20 and 29 ng/ml and 25(OH) vitamin D sufficiency (VDS) as 30-100 ng/ml, Potential toxicity>100 ng/ml. Results: A total of 540 healthy individuals were included in this study. There were 300 females and 240 males.365 healthy adults were found to be Vitamin D deficient. Prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency was found to be 67.5%. 225 females and 140 males were found to be Vitamin D deficiency, prevalence being 75% in female and 58.3% in male. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in apparently healthy individuals.
RESUMEN
Background: Providing adequate anxiolysis and sedation with a patent airway while performing fiberoptic bronchoscopic intubation is a challenging task to an anaesthetist. Ideal sedation would ensure calm and cooperative patient maintaining spontaneous ventilation. Dexmedetomidine is such a α2a adrenergic agonist with sympatholytic, analgesic, and sedative properties. Though its role is very well documented for sedation, proving it better than propofol for the procedure is being considered in this study. Methods: In total of 60 patients, after nebulizing with 5 ml of 4% lignocaine over 10 minutes, 30 patients were infused with dexmedetomidine @1μg/kg over 10 minutes followed by 0.3μg/kg and rest with propofol @1mg/kg. Fiber-optic bronchoscopy was done after 10 minutes of infusion. Monitoring was done considering heart rate, blood pressure, Ramsay sedation score and patient tolerance. Results: had shown successful intubation in both cases but dexmedetomidine had a better outcome with respect to sympathetic response and patient tolerance. P value was significant for sedation score, pre and post bronchoscopic intubation sympathetic response. No episodes of airway obstruction and hypoxia were noted with dexmedetomidine as compared with propofol. Mean Ramsay sedation score was 3.77 as compared to 2.33 with propofol. Conclusion: In our comparative study, Dexmedetomidine had offered better patient tolerance with adequate sedation and preservation of airway as compared to propofol and a reduced hemodynamic response to intubation.
RESUMEN
Disturbances in autonomic functions have been observed in many diseases including hormonal disorder (Banisters 1983). Present study was undertaken to study the autonomic functions in thyroid hormones on in 60 untreated hypothyroid patients, using Valsalva and deep breath test, cold pressor test, hand grip test and orthostatic test to assess the sympathetic and parasympathetic reflexes. The results obtained in this study were compared with the age sex matched controls. It is concluded that the sympathetic response is not altered in the hypothyroid cases while reflex vagal activity is significantly reduced.