Roles of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway on cultured human nasal epithelial cells RPMI-2650 / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the roles of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway on cultured human nasal epithelial cells RPMI-2650.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>RPMI-2650 cells were cultured in vitro, the growth curve was measured and the ultrastructure was observed using scanning electron microscope. When the cells were significantly confluent, they were divided into 4 groups, group A: maintained in Eagle's minimum essential media (EMEM) medium without adding any stimulators; group B: added with epidermal growth factor (EGF) 25 ng/ml; group C: added with AG1478 (EGFR selective inhibitor) 10 micromol/L followed by EGF 25 ng/ml 30 minutes later; group D: added with PD98069 (p44/42MAPK selective inhibitor) 30 micromol/L followed by EGF 25 ng/ml 30 minutes later. After incubated for 24 hours, the expression of EGFR and MUC5AC proteins in the cells of these 4 groups was studied using cytoimmunity and Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>RPMI-2650 cells were significantly confluent after incubated for 5 to 7 days. The shape of cells was round or oval, and a large number of microvilli covered to their surface but without cilia under scanning electron microscope. The EGFR protein was expressed in the cells of group A and D, abundantly in group B, while weakly in group C. The values of comparative absorbance had significant difference between group A, B, D and group C, respectively (P < 0.01). For the MUC5AC protein, its expression was strong in the cells of group A, abundant in group B, and weak in group C and D. Significant difference of the values of comparative absorbance was analyzed between group B and group C, D, respectively (P < 0.01), while no difference between group C and group D (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The production of MUC5AC in human nasal epithelial cells RPMI-2650 is regulated via the expression and activation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway.</p>

Treatment of allergic rhinitis with nasal mometasone furoate / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effects of nasal mometasone furoate on moderate to severe allergic rhinitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Patients with moderate to severe allergic rhinitis were enrolled and received mometasone furoate nasal spray 200 microg once daily for four weeks. Four hundreds and sixty-three patients completed the study. We weekly interviewed the patients to evaluate the symptoms, and the affection of disease on night sleep and daily life. Mini Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (Mini-RQLQ) and Nocturnal Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (NRQLQ) were used to evaluate the quality of life.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The individual and total symptomatic scores of week 1, week 2 and week 4 decreased compared with baseline. The scores of Mini-RQLQ and NRQLQ of week 1, week 2 and week 4 decreased compared with baseline too. The scores of the next visit were significantly lower than those of the previous visit (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>A four-week administration of mometasone furoate nasal spray can effectively treat allergic rhinitis.</p>

Management of sinonasal inverted papilloma: endoscopic excision vs traditional procedures / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of endoscopic resection and traditional procedure in the management of sinonasal inverted papilloma with a staging system based on endoscopic examination of the nasal cavity and computed tomography (CT) scan evaluation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and twenty-two patients with sinonasal inverted papilloma treated surgically were retrospectively reviewed. There were 23 cases in stage I; 119 cases in stage II; 65 cases in stage III and 15 cases in stage IV. Among these patients, 122 cases were treated endoscopically; 100 cases were treated by traditional surgical techniques, including 56 cases with lateral rhinotomy; 27 cases with intranasal approach and 15 cases with Caldwell-Luc technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The inverted papilloma was removed completely and no serious complications were encountered by all four kinds of techniques used. With an average follow-up of 3. 8 years, the recurrence rate for endoscopic group was 14.8% (18/122, four patients were in group I; nine in group II; four in group III; and one patient in group IV. No recurrence was found in group III who underwent endoscopic excision combined with Caldwell-Luc procedure. The recurrence rate for lateral rhinotomy group was 33. 9% (19/56, one patients in group I; six in group II; nine in group III; three in group IV). The recurrence rate for intranasal approach group was 51.9% (14/27, two patients were in group I; ten in group II; and two in group III). The recurrence rate for Caldwell-Luc procedure group was 29.4% (5/17, all in group II and group III). Regardless of approaches, patients who had primary resection had a recurrence of 26. 8%, whereas those with secondary resection had a recurrence of 20. 9% (P = 0.39).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The endoscopic surgical technique was proved to be a better method for treating sinonasal inverted papilloma in stage I and stage II. Better results for patients in stage III would be achieved by combining endoscopic technique with Caldwell-Luc procedure. As to patients with stage IV, radical external approaches should be considered.</p>

Comparative study of the parameters related to type I thyroplasty measured by laryngeal specimens and computed tomography / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the consistence of the parameters related to type I thyroplasty measured by laryngeal specimens and CT scan.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The related parameters of 50 laryngeal specimens (unilateral) obtained following total laryngectomy were measured postoperative immediately, and compared with those measured by spiral CT scan with multiple plain reconstructive (MPR) technique preoperatively. Comparative results were analyzed to evaluate the statistical significance between these two methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no significant statistical differences among the 6 parameters between two methods (P > 0.05), and the results (x +/- s) measured by CT scan and laryngeal specimens showed that the length of the thyroid notch to the inferior thyroid border were (20.7 +/- 1.7) mm and (20.6 +/- 1.7) mm; the length of the vocal cord were (17.3 +/- 1.8) mm and (17.3 +/- 1.8) mm; the length of the oblique line were (28.6 +/- 3.2) mm and (29.1 +/- 2.7) mm; the length of the presumptive horizontal line were (26.2 +/- 2.0) mm and (26.2 +/- 2.0) mm; the endolaryngeal vertical length of the anterior of the vocal cord to the presumptive horizontal line were (4.5 +/- 0.6) mm and (4.5 +/- 0.7) mm; the endolaryngeal vertical length of the vocal process to the presumptive horizontal line were (10.8 +/- 1.1) mm and (10.9 +/- 1.1) mm, respectively. As a result, the endolaryngeal anterior and posterior width of the wedge inserted in the thyroid cartilage were 4 - 5 mm and 8 - 9 mm respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>MPR technique of spiral CT scan is able to design the size of the window and the prosthesis of type I thyroplasty preoperatively, which was testified to be a precise and reliable method to measure the larynx.</p>