Randomized controlled clinical trial of domestic oseltamivir in patients with influenza / 中华传染病杂志

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of domestic oseltamivir in patients with influenza. Methods A randomized, single-blinded, controlled clinical trial was performed.Patients in the study group received domestic oseltamivir, while the patients in control group received foreign oseltamivir. The doses were both 75 mg every time, twice a day. The treatment durations in both groups were 5 days. Chi square test was performed to compare baseline characteristics and the difference of side effects. Paired t test was used to compare the efficacy. Results Two hundred and nine patients were enrolled in this study (98 cases in study group. 111 cases in control group). The trend in body temperature change was similar in the two groups (t = 0. 061, P>0. 05). The score of symptom severity decreased more quickly in patients treated with foreign oseltamivir compared to those treated with domestic oseltamivir during the period from 24 h to 48 h. However, the difference between the two groups diminished gradually and was not statistically significant at 72 h (t=0. 875,P>0. 05). The safety of the domestic and foreign oseltamivir were comparable(X2 = 0. 197,P>0. 05). Conclusion The domestic oseltamivir is as effective and safe as the foreign oseltamivir.

Category of Clinically Isolated Gram-positive Bacterium in Our Hospital and Their Drug Resistance in Recent 5 Years / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To probe into the category and drug resistance of clinically isolated gram-positive bacterium(G+)in our hospital. METHODS:The category and drug resistance of clinically isolated gram-positive bacterium(G+)in our hospital in the recent five years were surveyed and analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS:Of clinical isolated gram-positive bacterium(G+), Staphylococcus accounted for 65.47% and Enterococcus 20.24%. Majority of Staphylococcus were coagulase negative Staphylococcus,followed by Staphylococcus aureus. The most of Enterococcus were Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis. The drug resistance rates of Staphylococcus to nitrofurantoin and ifampin reached low level and the sensitivity of Staphylococcus to vancomycin was 100%. There was difference between drug resistance of Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis. Vancomycin has better effect than other drugs on Enterococcus. CONCLUSIONS:Doctors must pay attention to the component and drug resistance of bacteria so as to improve the application of antibiotics.

Composition of Clinically Isolated Gram-negative Bacilli and Drug Resistance in Our Hospital from 2001～2008 / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide clinicians with reliable basis about rational use of antibacterials. METHODS:The gram-negative bacilli isolated clinically in our hospital from 2001 to 2008 and their drug resistance were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS:A total of 14 428 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 2001 to 2008,of which,9 391 strains (65.1%) were gram-negative bacilli,leading the list were Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Enterobacter cloacae,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter,and the detected rate of Acinetobacter baumannii increased year by year. Gram-negative bacilli were resistant to commonly used antibacterials more or less,with their resistance rates to ampicillin on the high side,but their resistance rates to imipenem,pipercillin/tazobactam and amikacin were low. CONCLUSION:The composition of clinically isolated Gram-negative bacilli and their drug resistance patterns were always in a change,therefore,clinicians should familiarize with this change as well as the change of drug resistance and improve their level of rational use of antibiotics.