RESUMEN
BACKGROUND:Endogenous neurogenesis and exogenous stem cell transplantation in the brain show great therapeutic potential for neurological diseases including ischemic stroke,repairing and replacing lost neurons,promoting synaptic remodeling,and inhibiting apoptosis.Traditional Chinese medicine and compound therapy for supplementing qi,activating blood circulation and inducing resuscitation for the treatment of neurological dysfunction after ischemia have certain advantages,targeting nerve repair through a variety of ways,including promoting endogenous neurogenesis and exogenous stem cell survival,proliferation,homing,and inducing neuronal differentiation. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine and compound for supplementing qi,activating blood circulation and inducing resuscitation to promote nerve repair in the acute phase of ischemic stroke,in order to provide a reference for the research and treatment of new drugs in ischemic stroke. METHODS:The articles from CNKI and PubMed databases about traditional Chinese medicine and compound for supplementing qi,activating blood circulation and inducing resuscitation in promotion of nerve repair in the acute phase of ischemic stroke from 2010 to 2022 were searched,with"supplementing qi and activating blood circulation;inducing resuscitation;traditional Chinese medicine(TCM);compounds;ischemic stroke;nerve repair;stem cells"as Chinese and English search terms.After excluding old and duplicate views,the retrieved literature was analyzed and collated,and a total of 124 articles were included for analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The definition of stem cells,ischemic stroke and the nerve repair pathway in the acute phase of ischemic stroke were sorted out.(2)The mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine and compound for supplementing qi,activating blood circulation and inducing resuscitation to promote nerve repair in the acute phase of ischemic stroke was summarized,mainly including promoting stem cell proliferation,improving stem cell viability and survival rate,promoting nerve cell homing,inducing stem cell differentiation to neurons,inhibiting apoptosis of nerve cells,promoting axon regeneration,regulating angiogenesis and remodeling,improving the level of neurotrophic factors and repairing the integrity of the blood-brain barrier.(3)Through the existing research,the relevant factors and signaling pathways of traditional Chinese medicines and compounds for supplementing qi,activating blood circulation and inducing resuscitation to promote nerve repair in the acute phase of ischemic stroke were summarized,such as Nestin protein expression,DCX protein expression,brain-derived neurotrophic factor,vascular endothelial growth factor and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,Notch signaling pathway,PI3k/Akt signaling pathway,BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway and ERK/MAPK signaling pathway.It provides a relevant reference for future research on ischemic stroke-specific drugs and new clinical treatment methods.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND:The aging of mesenchymal stem cells is one of the main causes of aging-related diseases,and seriously affects its clinical application.Traditional Chinese medicine has a good anti-aging effect,and it can inhibit the aging of mesenchymal stem cells to promote its application in tissue engineering and prevent and treat aging-related diseases. OBJECTIVE:To review the effect and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine on inhibiting the aging of mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS:We searched CNKI and PubMed for the literature on inhibiting mesenchymal stem cell aging with traditional Chinese medicine from 2012 to 2022.The keywords were"traditional Chinese medicine,mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),aging"in Chinese and English,respectively.Finally,92 articles were included for further review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)We summarized five main mechanisms of the aging of mesenchymal stem cells:DNA damage,telomere shortening,oxidative stress,autophagy disorder and mitochondrial dysfunction.(2)This paper reviewed the phenotypic characteristics of senescent mesenchymal stem cells,including increases in cell volume,decreases in proliferation and multi-directional differentiation,increases in β-galactosidase activity,and activation of p21 and p16 pathways,and so on.(3)We summarized the main mechanisms of Chinese medicine inhibiting the senescence of mesenchymal stem cells at present,including inhibiting the activation of the Wnt pathway,inhibiting the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species,promoting the silencing of information regulator factor 2 homolog 1,phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B,adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 pathway activation,and promoting the expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase.(4)At present,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are the most widely studied in the research of traditional Chinese medicine to inhibit the aging of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,and the effect is better.(5)Zuogui Wan,Bushen Tiaogan Formula,resveratrol,Astragalus membranaceus and other traditional Chinese medicines can prevent and treat osteoporosis by promoting the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of aging mesenchymal stem cells.However,the mechanism of Chinese medicine in improving the paracrine function of mesenchymal stem cells and preventing other aging-related diseases by inhibiting the aging of mesenchymal stem cells needs to be further explored.