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OBJECTIVE: To determine the mass scores of naringin and neohesperidin in Fructus aurantii and Citrus chang-shan-huyou with their processed products and evaluate the quality of Fructus aurantii and Citrus changshan-huyou with their pro-cessed products. METHODS:According to the requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2010 edition)and Zhejiang Province Tradi-tional Chinese Medicine Preparation Standards (2005 edition),the moisture and ash of F. aurantii and C. changshan-huyou with their processed products were detected. And the contents of naringin and neohesperidin were determined. The ZORBAX SB-C18 column was used with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water(20∶80,V/V)at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The detection wave-length was set at 283 nm,and the column temperature was 40℃.The samples size was 10μl. RESULTS:The moisture of F. au-rantii and C. changshan-huyou was decreased after processing with no obvious change for ash. The contents of naringin and neohes-peridin were decreased,significantly for F. aurantii,and all consistent with the requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2010 edi-tion)except F. aurantii. The linear range was 0.028 45-0.284 5μg(r=0.999 7)for naringin and 0.085 9-0.858 6μg(r=0.999 6)for neohesperidin;the RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were no more than 1.36% and the average recovery was re-spectively 96.45%-100.43%(RSD=1.45%,n=6) and 98.36%-102.00%(RSD=1.26%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference in the inspection and determination re-sults in F. aurantii and C. changshan-huyou. It is suggested to adjust the limitation of content determination in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2010 edition)and processed standards.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish the HS-GC method for the content determination of menthol in Qiangli Pipa syrup,and the content of menthol in 56 batches of Qiangli Pipa syrup commercially available was determined. METHODS:HS-GC was per-formed on the column of Agilent HP-INNOWAX,column temperature was 130 ℃(maintaining 7 min),FID was used as detector, inlet temperature was 200 ℃,detector temperature was 250 ℃,carrier gas was high-purity nitrogen,flow rate was 3 ml/min,split ratio was 10∶1 and the injection volume was 1 000 μl. RESULTS:The linear range of menthol was 0.007 07-0.141 40 mg/ml(r=0.999 1);RSDs of precision,reproducibility and stability tests were no more than 3.37%;average recovery was 94.3%-99.6%(RSD=1.86%,n=6). There was significant difference in the contents of menthol in 56 batches Qiangli Pipa syrup. CONCLU-SIONS:The method is simple,sensitive,accurate and reliable,and can be used for content determination of menthol in Qiangli Pi-pa syrup. The sampling results show it is necessary to update the detecting items for the content of Qiangli pipa loquat and strength-en the quality control of it.
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Objective To determine the placental transfer of epidural levobupivacaine for cesarean section. Methods Sixty parturients (ASA ⅠorⅡ) aged 24-35 yr weighing 60-80 kg undergoing elective cesarean section under epidural anesthesia were studied. Epidural anesthesia was performed at L1,2 or L1,3 interspace. The catheter was advanced 3 cm cephalad into the epidural space. A test dose of 0.5% levobupivacaine 5 ml with 1:200 000 epinephrine was injected. If there were no signs of subarachnoid injection in 5 min, 9-12 ml of 0.5% levobupivacaine was administered twice at 5 min interval. Arterial blood samples were taken from the double- clamped umbilical cord segment at delivery for determination of blood pH. Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min after birth were recorded. Blood samples were taken from maternal and umbilical vein for determination of plasma levobupivacaine concentration by high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC). Results The pH of the umbilical arterial blood was ≥ 7.25. The Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min after birth were ≥ 7.0. The levobupivacaine concentration of maternal and umbilical venous blood was 0.35±0.24 and (0.24 ±0.21) μg/ml respectively at the time of delivery. The ratio of umbilical and maternal venous blood levobupivacaine concentration was 0.7 ± 0.3. Conclusion Epidural levobupivacaine can cross the placenta during cesarean section. The ratio of umbilical and maternal venous blood levobupivacaine concentration is 0.7.
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0.05) between the general anesthesia group and the epidural anesthesia group in NBNA scores, mean pH,PaO2,PaCO2,SPO2 and Hct of newborn infants. Conclusion It study suggests that general anesthesia for the elective cesarean section does not influence significantly the outcome of the newborn infants.
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0.05). Conclusions Our prospective study suggests that mode of anesthesia does not influence significantly the outcome of newborn infants delivered by elective cesarean section. It seems that both general and epidural anesthesia can be used in elective term cesarean sections safely.