Carcinoma oculto de la mama. Experiencia en el Centro Clínico de Estereotaxia ­ CECLINES / Occult breast cancer. Experience in Centro Clinico de Estereotaxia ­ CECLINES

A pesar de los avances científicos y las numerosas reuniones de expertos en todo el mundo y quizás por su presentación poco frecuente, aún existen dudas en el manejo de los pacientes con carcinoma oculto de la mama (COM). Algunos autores señalan que su comportamiento es similar a los carcinomas estadio II/III. Métodos: Retrospectivamente estudiamos en la base de datos del Centro Clínico de Estereotaxia CECLINES en Caracas, 841 pacientes, de las cuales el grupo de COM representa el 0.71% (6/841) y pacientes con St II el 16.52% (139/841). Resultados: Para COM el seguimiento promedio fue de 4.33 años (0.08 a 10.25, DS 4.04). En el estudio definitivo de la disección axilar las pacientes COM presentaron promedio de 2.17 ganglios (1-6 + 0.83) positivos y el grupo ST II un promedio de 2.72 ganglios (0-9 + 0.26) (p>0.05). La tasa de recaída para COM fue de 16.7% (1/6) y para ST II fue 15.1% (21/139)(p=0.089). La sobrevida a los 5 años, para COM fue 83.2% y para ST II 80.4% (p=0.630). Conclusión: La sobrevida de pacientes con COM es discretamente mejor que la de STII. El esquema propuesto parece ser factible en el manejo de pacientes con COM, ya que ha arrojado cifras de recaídas y sobrevida similar a lo reportado a nivel internacional(AU)

Despite scientific advances and the numerous meetings of experts around the world and perhaps it´s rare presentation, there are still doubts in the management of patients with occult breast carcinoma (OBC). Some authors suggest that it´s behavior is similar to those breast cancer stage (ST) II/III. Methods: Retrospectively we studied in the database of Centro Clínico de Estereotaxia CECLINES at Caracas, 841 patients, in which OBC represents 0.71% (6/841) and ST II breast cancer 16.52% (139/841). Results: For OBC the median follow up was 4.33 years (0.08-10.25, SD 4.04). In the definitive study of the axillary disecction of OBC there was a median of 2.17 (1-6 + 0.83) positie nodes and for the grup ST II a median of 2.72 (0-9 + 0.26) positive nodes (p>0.05). The recurrence rate for OBC was 16.7% (1/6) and for St II 15.1% (21/139)(p=0.089). The 5y survival for OBC was 83.2% y and for ST II 80.4% (p=0.630). Conclusion: The 5y survival for OBC patients was quietly better than that of ST II. The algorithm proposed seems to be feasible for the management of patients with OBC because it has produce results such as recurrence and survival similar as those reported internationaly(AU)

Água e saúde: (des)integração entre vigilâncias e as lições da práxis / Water and health: (dis)integration of surveillance and the lessons of practice

A integração entre as ações intra e intersetoriais na área de saúde constitui desafio para gestores municipais, uma vez que prevalece no cotidiano do serviço a prática fragmentada da geração de dados e da análise dissociada das informações, resultando em obstáculos para um planejamento integrado. Um possível caminho para essa almejada integração funcional permeia o estabelecimento de canais de comunicação permanentes, possibilitando a programação conjunta das intervenções envolvendo diferentes departamentos e setores. Uma avaliação do processo de articulação entre as vigilâncias epidemiológica e ambiental em saúde relacionada à água para consumo humano (Vigiagua), desenvolvida no município de Contagem-MG, identificou, por meio de análise do conteúdo de entrevistas realizadas com a coordenação da Vigilância em Saúde Ambiental, os condicionantes que interferem em sua institucionalização. A busca por maior domínio e valorização do trabalho pelos profissionais do Vigiagua, e a expectativa de agregar diferentes interlocutores e áreas de conhecimento na resolução de problemas comuns foram identificados como principais motivadores e facilitadores do processo. Em outro polo, foram detectados como pontos de estrangulamento: recursos humanos e financeiros; materiais insuficientes; falta de autonomia técnico-gerencial para o estabelecimento de canais de comunicação coesos; e incipiente prática de planejamento no serviço. Seminários e reuniões caracterizaram-se como espaços de interação dialógica no serviço e possibilitaram uma aproximação de gestores do nível central com "executores" das instâncias locais. Entretanto, pleiteia-se que o estímulo para essa interlocução seja contínuo, o que demanda capacitação e desejo de gestores e profissionais para esse exercício.

The integration of intra and inter-sectoral actions in health care is a challenge for municipal managers, once fragmented data generation and analysis of dissociated information prevail in the daily practice of the service, resulting in barriers to integrated planning. A possible path to that desired functional integration permeates the establishment of permanent communication channels, enabling the joint programming of interventions involving different departments and sectors. An evaluation of the process of articulation between the epidemiological surveillance and environmental health related to drinking water (Vigiagua), developed in the municipality of Contagem-MG, identified through content analysis of interviews with the coordination of the Environmental Health Surveillance, the factors that interfere with their institutionalization. The search for greater appreciation of the work area and by professionals of the Vigiagua, and the expectation of bringing together different agents and areas of expertise in solving common problems were identified as key drivers and facilitators of the process. Still, the obstacles identified were: human and financial resources; inadequate materials; lack of technical and managerial autonomy to establish cohesive communication channels; and incipient planning practice in the service. Seminars and meetings were characterized as spaces of interaction and dialogue in the service and allowed an approximation of central-level managers to "executors" of local authorities. However, the stimulus to this dialogue should be continuous, which requires training and desire of managers and professionals for this exercise.

Es carcinoma lobulillar infiltrante igual a carcinoma ductal infiltrante?: seguimiento a largo plazo / Is lobulillar infiltrante carcinoma equal to ductal infiltrante carcinoma?: long term follow

Comparar carcinoma lobulillar infiltrante y carcinoma ductal infiltrante a largo plazo según estadio, tratamiento quirúrgico, terapia neoadyuvante, adyuvante. Estudiamos en la base de datos de CECLINES 841 pacientes, el lobulillar representa 7,25% (61) y ductal 51,24% (431). El seguimiento global 22 años con promedio de 5 años. La sobrevida global: lobulillar 68,1% vs. 60,9% ductal (P=0,772), por estadio fue: I lobulillar 96,3% ductal 90,5 II 94,4% y 88,4% III 90,5% 83,2% (P=0,023). La expresión de receptores de estrógenos positivos en comparación a los CDI fue 87,7% vs. 74,7%,(P=0,031) sobrevida 96,9% vs. 94,0% (P=0,033). El tratamiento preservador del lobulillar en comparación aductal 57,4% vs. 63,2% (P=0,949) y la sobrevida 85,4% vs. 82,9% (P=0,001). La sobrevida de lobulillar sometidos a quimioterapia primaria, quimioterapia adyuvante, radioterapia y hormonoterapia adyuvante en relación al grupo ductal fue 93,4% vs. 91,3%, 91,5% vs. 89,7%, 92,5% vs. 89,8% 92,5% vs. 88,4%, respectivamente (P<0,05). La sobrevida global es igual, la sobrevida por estadio favorece al lobulillar estos presentan más receptores positivos y sobrevida mejor. La tendencia a tratamiento preservador en lobulillar es mayor encontrando excelentes cifras de sobrevida. Dado el perfil hormonal y sobrevida según receptores las pacientes con lobulillar infiltrante son candidatas a participar en protocolos de hormonoterapia primaria. Generalmente el tratamiento para ambos grupos es similar.

Compare infiltrante lobulillar carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in long-term follow up as stage surgical treatment, neoadyuvante, adjuvant therapy. We studied in CECLINES data base 841 patients; lobulillar represents 7.25% (61) and 51.24% ductal (431). The overall followup was up to twenty two years with an average of five years. The overall survival for lobulillar was 68.1%and for ductal 60.9% (P=0.772), the survival according to state was: I lobulillar 96.3% ductal 90.5, II 94.4% vs. 88.4 III 90.5 and 83.2 respectively (P=0.023). Estrogen receptors positive expression for lobulillar compared to ductal was 87.7% vs. 74.7%, (P=0.031) and its survival 96.9% vs. 94.0% (P=0.033). The breast conserving surgery for lobulillar compared to ductal was 57.4% vs. 63.2% (P=0.949) survival 85.4% vs. 82.9% (P=0.001). The survival reported for patients with lobulillar who received neoadyuvante chemotherapy adjuvant chemotherapy radiotherapy and adjuvant hormonotherapy compared to ductal was 93.4% 91.3%, 91.5% 89.7%, 92.5% 89.8% 92.5% 88.4%, respectively P<0.05. The overall survival is equal, survival favors. The lobulillar have more positive receptors and survival is better. The tendency to conservative treatment in lobulillar is increasingly. Given the hormonal profile and survival according to estrogen receptors patients with ILC, are probably good candidates to participate in neoadyuvante hormone therapy protocols. Usually the treatment is the same or similar for both groups.

Wild birds as hosts of Amblyomma cajaennense (Fabricius, 1787) (Acari: Ixodidae)

We evaluated the prevalence, mean intensity and relative density of ticks in 467 wild birds of 67 species (12 families) from forest and cerrado habitats at two protected areas of Minas Gerais, between March and September 1997. Ticks collected (n=177) were identified as larvae and nymphs of Amblyomma cajennense and four other species of Amblyomma. Wi report for the first time 28 bird species as hosts of the immature stages of A. cajennense, demonstrating the lack of host specificity of the larve and nymphs. A. cajennense had 15 (por cento) prevalence on birds, with a mean infestation intensity of 0.37 ticks per host sampled, and 2.5 ticks per infested bird. Prevalence varied in relation to host species, diet and between birds from forests at two seccessional stages. There were no differences in relation to host forest dependence, participation in mixed flocks of birds, and nest type constructed. A. cajennense es a species of medical and veterinary importance, occurring on domestic animals but is known littles of its occurrence on wildlife.