Impact of respiratory infections by influenza viruses A and B in pediatrics patients from Federal University of Paraná, Brazil

The objective of the present study was to determine the impact of influenza virus on pediatric hospitalized patients. We retrospectively reviewed records of children with laboratory diagnoses, by cell culture and/or indirect immunofluorescence assay, of influenza virus seen in a period of 6 years. A total of 1,033 samples were analyzed, 45 (4.3 percent) of them being reactive to influenza virus. Thirty-one samples were positive to influenza A virus and 14 to influenza B. The frequency of hospitalization in intensive care and medical emergency was found to be high. Three (8.6 percent) patients died, two of them due to respiratory failure. Low frequency of influenza virus infection was observed in the study. The data suggest the need of more efficient epidemiological surveillance measures in order to obtain reliable information to better assess the impact of the virus on our region and determine the need of preventive measures, such as immunization.

Case report: Trichoderma longibrachiatum infections in a pediatric patient with peritoneal dialysis

A case report of an intrahospitalary Trichoderma longibrachiatum peritonitis in a female 13-year-old pediatric patient who had been previously diagnosed a terminal chronic renal insufficiency while being under peritoneal dialysis is presented. Nowadays literature recognizes certain members of the genus Trichoderma to be opportunistic pathogens of increasing occurrence in immunocompromised patients. The above girl received a satisfactory Amphoterin B treatment yet she died due to an hypertensive emergency appearing secondarily to her basic pathology.