Systematic study of the quality and safety of chilled pork from wet markets, supermarkets, and online markets in China / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

BACKGROUND@#With increasing media coverage of food safety incidents, such as that of clenbuterol residues in pork, food safety has become a major public health concern in China. Rapidly developing online markets attract increasing numbers of Chinese consumers to purchase food on the Internet. However, the quality and safety of food sold online are uncertain and are less reported on.@*OBJECTIVE@#This research aimed to systematically study the quality and safety of chilled pork from wet markets, supermarkets, and online markets in China.@*RESULTS@#The chilled pork samples from online markets were fresher than those from wet markets and supermarkets based on the surface redness (a* value). Chilled pork contained high levels of nutritional elements, especially the magnesium and phosphorus levels in samples from online markets. The levels of heavy metal element residues and veterinary drug residues in all chilled pork samples were within the standards limits. In addition, huge differences existed in the quality and freshness of the chilled pork samples from online markets according to principal component analysis (PCA).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Most chilled pork sold in Chinese markets was qualified and safe. It is necessary to establish an effective online market supervision system for chilled pork.

Corporate Income Tax Policy, Implementation Difficulties and Its Response Solutions Suitable for Public Hospitals / 中国卫生经济

On the basis of combing applicable corporate income tax rules for public hospitals in the tax law,regulations and the Government Accounting System,it analyzed the implementation difficulties of corporate income tax policy in public hospitals,such as the level limited average salary brought difficulties for non-profit organization of enterprise income tax exemption qualification in public hospitals.Public hospitals had not fully conducted the accounting for obtaining taxable income,tax-exempt income and its cost accounting respectively.It suggested to combining the characteristics of the industry,emboding the spirt of public hospital reform remmeration in the supplemtary provisins of the financial acounting system;detail the accounting taxable income and related cost under G overnment Accounting Standard and Government Accounting System.

The Applicable Value-added Tax Policy, Accounting Treatment and Tax Planning in Public Hospitals / 中国卫生经济

Based on combing the value-added tax policy for public hospitals,it analyzed the tax burden influence of substituting the value-added tax for business tax to public hospitals.It pointed out that,in the case of the tax rate,the phenomenon of the tax burden did not decrease but increases to some degree occurs in public hospitals because the deductible input tax was less.In addition,it introduced the value-added tax related public hospital accountant course setting and the main accounting treatment under Government Accounting System,suggested that public hospitals should attach importance to the tax planning of value-added tax taxable items,detail cost,the corresponding expenditure of the taxable items and the corresponding expenses of tax-free income shall be separately accounted,to realize the matching of taxable income and cost,obtain the deductible value-added tax invoices of taxable behavior.

Investigation and Evaluation on the Implementation Situation of Financial Information Disclosure Policy for Public Hospitals in Pilot Cities / 中国卫生经济

Objective:To investigate and evaluate the status of financial information disclosure in public hospitals.Methods:Taking the method of policy analysis,descriptive statistics,consult the relevant policy and the hospital website of 200 countries for public hospital reform pilot cities,sum up the change trend and implementation status of public hospital financial information disclosure regulation policy from 2006 to 2017.Results:There were obvious differences in public financial information in public hospitals from various regions,only 130 hospitals(65％) disclosed financial information in the website,the goal of "hospitals in comprehensive reform of all urban public hospitals should disclose financial information to the public by the end of 2016" was not fully achieved,the standardization and comparison of financial information was not high.Conclusion:In order to achieve the goal of "opening the financial information disclosure system to all public hospitals and all regions in China by the end of 2018",it suggested to integrate the existing documents,combined with the beneficial practices in pilot cities,unified public hospital financial disclosure guidelines and perfect supporting measures for policy implementation.

Effect of Necrostatin-1 on the inflammation in unilateral ureter obstruction mice / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To observe the effect of Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1),a necroptosis inhibitor,on the inflammation in unilateral ureter obstruction mice.Methods Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into sham operation group,unilateral ureter obstruction operation group and UUO + Nec-1 treatment group,and the mice were sacrificed at 7th day after operated.Scr and BUN were measured.The pathological changes in the kidney were observed by HE staining.Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the protein expression of necroptosis-related indicators RIP1,RIP3,MLKL and inflammatory cytokines TNF-α,IL-1β and MCP-1.Results Compared with sham operation group,the expression of RIP1,RIP3 and MLKL protein increased in the renal tissue of UUO mice,accompanied with increased expression of TNF-α,IL-1β and MCP-1.Nec-1 treatment significantly decreased above-mentioned protein expression in UUO mice,and also reduced renal interstitial inflammation and renal tubal injury according to HE staining.Scr and BUN levels suggested improved renal function.Conclusion Nec-1 could relieve the inflammatory reaction in renal tissue of the UUO mice by inhibiting necroptosis,which may be a new target for the treatment of secondary inflammation.

Analysis of System Design, Implementation Progress of Hospital Cost Accounting and its Limitations / 中国医院管理

The paper reviews the standard and requirement of hospital cost accounting in hospital financial and accounting system,and policy documents of public hospital reform,introduces the implementation development of hospitals cost accounting,and through combining with the reform of government accounting,analyzes the limitations of hospitals cost accounting,including department cost accounting results are difficult to satisfy both hospital internal management and government pricing compensation needs;project cost and disease cost accounting a.re lack of operational guidelines and report format.Proposals are offered for linking up hospital cost accounting with governmental accounting.

Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of hysteromyoma before and after uterine artery embolization / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To explore the significance of signal and volume change from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of hysteromyoma before and after uterine artery embolization (UAE) in the therapy evaluation. Methods MRI was performed in 30 patients (50 hysteromyoma) before and 3,6 and 12 months after UAE. They were grouped by location, signal and size. The MRI signal changes and the hysteromyoma's volume reduction ratio were measured. Results After 3,6,12 months, MRI of hysteromyoma was changed significantly, and all hysteromyomas had lower T2WI signals than before, some of which had higher T1WI signals. Hysteromyoma's volumes were progressively reduced, the majority of which shrinked significantly within 3 months. Evaluated by 12 month's volume changes, significant volume reduction was found in submucous fibroids, and significant difference was showed compared with intramural fibroids and subserosal fibroids (88.9 % vs. 73.7 % and 68.3 %, P=0.036, P=0.019), meanwhile,the latter two had no significant difference (P=0.384). The volume reduction rate in rich cell fibroids was higher than those in ordinary no degeneration fibroids and degeneration type, and there were significant differences (85.7 % vs. 72.1 % and 63.4%, P=0.038, P=0.014). Besides, the latter two had no significant difference (P=0.364). Large fibroids shrinked more obviously than small ones with significant difference (75.2 % vs. 59.6 %, χ2=4.563, P=0.044). Conclusion MRI is useful for the evaluation of efficacy in hysteromyoma before and after UAE, which can provide the better interventional treatment for the patients in regard to different sensitivity of hysteromyoma to UAE.

Promotive effect of recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops on the corneal epithelial healing in rabbit / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background Corneal epithelial abrasion results in corneal ulcer and stroma cloudy evenb irreversible visual impairment.Previous drugs for corneal epithelial injury can only alleviate the inflammatory irritation.So it is very important to seek a drug which regulate the growth of corneal epithelium.Objective This study was to investigate the effects of recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops on corneal epithelial abrasion.Methods Fifty right eyes of 50 clean adult New Zealand white rabbits were collected.Two rabbits were sacrificed right away following establishment of corneal epithelial abrasion models (0 hour group).The other 48 rabbits were randomly divided into recombinant human epidermal growth factor (EGF) derivative group (positive control group),normal saline solution group (negative control group),0.25％ or 0.5％ recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops group.Corneal abrasion models were created with alcohol corrosion method with a defect area of 7 mm2.The corresponding eye drops were used separately in 4 groups for four times per day after operation.Experimental eyes were examined by the slit lamp microscope,and fluorescein vital staining were performed 12,24,36,48,72 hours after operation.Planimetry was performed and the corneal photographs were analyzed with computer software.The rabbits were sacrificed 12,24,36,48 and 72 hours after operation,respectively,and the histopathological examination of corneal tissue was carried out.Results No obvious irritation response was seen after administered of eye drops in the recombinant human EGF derivative group,normal saline solution group,0.25％ and 0.5％ recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops groups.Histopathological examination revealed a full-thickness defect of corneal epithelium after modeling.The defect area was gradually smaller with time lapse,and corneal epithelium migrated from periphery toward the center zone.Corneal epithelial cells increased with time lapse.Compared with normal saline solution group,the defect area of corneal epithelium lessened 12,24,36,48 hours after operation in the 0.25％,0.5％ recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops groups and recombinant human EGF derivative group (all at P =0.000),but at 12and 24,36 hours after operation,no significant differences were found between the recombinant human EGF derivative group and normal saline solution group (P =0.321,0.057,0.126).The defect area was smaller in the 0.5％recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops group than that of the recombinant human EGF derivative group at various time points (P=0.042,0.039,0.025,0.008).However,significant smaller defect area was exhibited only at 12 hours and 24 hours after operation in the 0.25％ recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops group (P=0.047,0.042).No significant differences were seen in corneal defect area at various time points between 0.25％ and 0.5％recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops groups (P =0.358,0.259,0.108,0.062).In addition,the corneal defect area was (0.51 ±0.42)mm2 72 hours after operation in the normal saline group;while that in the recombinant human EGF derivative group and recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops groups was disappeared.The repairing curves in the recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops groups were superior to those of the recombinant human EGF derivative group and normal saline solution group.Conclusions 0.25％ and 0.5％ recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops have facilitation effect on the growth of corneal epithelial cells and the healing of corneal injury.

Treatment experience of severe acute pancreatitis on 1033 cases / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summary the treatment experience of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 1997 to March 2009, a total of 1033 patients suffered SAP were admitted with a mean APACHE II score 12.0 +/- 4.3. There were 622 males and 411 females, aged from 13 to 98 years old. All patients were cared by the multidisciplinary team with intensivist, endoscopists, gastroenterologists, radiologist, nephrologist and surgeons.Patients treated in SICU in the early phase of the disease. In these 1033 patients, 365 cases received mechanical ventilation, 218 with tracheotomy, 159 cases received high-volume continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH), 179 received nasobiliary drainage, 513 were treated with early enteral nutrition. CT-guided percutaneous catheter drainge for peripancreatic fluid collection was pefromed for 477 times and 438 patients received surgical debridement for infected pancreatic necrosis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In all these 1033 cases, 975 patients (94.4%) survived, and 38 patients died (3.7%). The mortality of patients who received surgical debridement for infected pancreatic necrosis was 7.1% (31/438).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The muti-discipline management of severe acute pancreatitis can remarkably improve the prognosis of patients.</p>