RESUMEN
Wound healing is an important physiological process as well as one of the problems to be solved in clinical medicine. Plant-derived exosomes are green, safe and efficient, and are expected to provide a new solution for wound healing. In this paper, ginseng exosomes were extracted and purified by hypervelocity centrifugation, and were identified to be consistent with the microscopic identification characteristics of exosomes. Fluorescence dye was used to label exosomes, which showed that exosomes could be ingested by skin cells. CCK-8 methods indicated that ginseng exosomes could promote the proliferation of skin cells at 24 h and 48 h (P<0. 05). Panax ginseng exosomes detected by real-time quantitative PCR increased the transcription levels of human collagen type 1 琢1 chain (COL1A1) and fibronectin-1 (human fibronecin-1) genes in skin cells (P<0. 05).Western blotting analysis showed that ginseng exosomes could increase the protein levels of TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-β Ⅰ), Vimentin and Ki67 in skin cells (P<0. 05). The skin injury experiment in mice confirmed that ginseng exosomes could accelerate recovery after skin injury. Moreover, the inflammatory cytokines such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), INOS (nitric oxide synthase) and cycoxidase (COX-2) could be decreased (P < 0. 05). In this study, ginseng exosomes were successfully extracted and purified by hypervelocity centrifugation combined with density gradient centrifugation, which suggested that ginseng exosomes can regulate the skin cell cycle, activate the TGF-β pathway, promote the proliferation of skin cells, accelerate the recovery of damaged skin, and reduce the level of inflammatory factors.
RESUMEN
To assess the outcomes of partial cricotracheal resection (CTR) and extended cricotracheal resection (ECTR) for severe laryngotracheal stenosis. From November 2009 to September 2017, 18 patients underwent CTR and ECTR at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University for severe laryngotracheal stenosis were reviewed retrospectively. There were 12-male and 6-female patients, with the age ranged from 4 to 56 years (median 25 years). The causes were postintubation in 11 cases, cervical trauma in 4, idiopathic in 3. The stenosis located in subglottic and tracheal (12), glottic and subglottic and tracheal (3), subglottic (2), and glottic and subglottic (1). Two patients had concurrent unilateral vocal cord palsy.One patient had undergone previous endoscopic balloon dilation and 8 patients had previous laryngotracheal reconstruction. The stenosis was graded according to modified Myer-Cotton classification as follows: Ⅲb (1), Ⅲc(1), Ⅳa (2), Ⅳb (12), Ⅳc (2). The surgical outcomes and complications were recorded. Among 18 patients,11 of the 12 patients undergoing CTR were decannulated. Five of the 6 patients undergoing ECTR were decannulated. Resected airway length ranged from 1.5 to 4.0 cm (median 2.8 cm). Surgical complications included infection of incision wound in 2 cases, anastomotic granulation in 2, cervical subcutaneous emphysema in 1, aspiration in 1, and unilateral arytenoid prolapse in 1. No recurrent laryngeal nerve injury or tracheoesophageal fistula occurred. The median follow up was 11 months. CTR is efficient for severe subglottic and upper tracheal stenosis while ECTR is efficient for subglottic stenosis extended to the glottis. Both procedures also provide a salvage therapy for patients with previous failed treatments.
RESUMEN
Ginseng is a plant in the family Araliaceae and the genus Panax with the formal name of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer and the treasure of traditional herbal medicine resources as the "king of herbs". Ginseng has been traditionally used for over 2,000 years in Asian countries, especially in China and Republic of Korea. During the ginseng industry chain, the cultivation in farmland and seed breeding are important for sustainable development of ginseng resources. Active components in ginseng including ginsenosides, polysaccharides, phenolic compound and their therapeutic benefits for multiple diseases are being studied. This paper aimed to review current research status and problem-solving strategies for each step of ginseng industry, including ginseng growing cultivation and seed resources, basic and clinical studies as well as comparison of ginseng industry between China and Republic of Korea, hoping to provide a reference for research direction and future development of ginseng industry.
RESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop an HPLC-ELSD method for determination of vetatramine. in Veratrum nigrum.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The analy fical column was Shim-pack ODS - C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 4 microm) column, the mobile phase was acetonitrile-water (containing 0.1% triethylamine) (50:50), at a flow rate of 0.8 mL x min(-1). The temperature of drift tube was 90 degrees C and the gas flow was at the rate of 2.5 L x min(-1).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.36-3.6 microg (r = 0.999 8). The average recovery was 100.9% (RSD 2.3%, n = 6). The contents of veratramine in Veratrum nigrum. from the ten different sources were determined.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method may be used as a accurate and reproducible way to determine the content of veratramine in V. nigrum.</p>