Genetic Polymorphisms of 24 Y-STR Loci in Nanjing Han Population / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the genetic polymorphism of DYS391 and other 23 Y-STR loci and to explore its application value in forensic science.@*METHODS@#Y-STRs loci of 580 unrelated Han males in Nanjing were amplified using AGCU Y-PLUS PCR （24） kit. The genetic parameters of 24 Y-STR loci such as gene frequency were calculated by software, and compared with the data of Hubei, Liao- ning, Guangdong, Beijing and Chengdu Han population.@*RESULTS@#Total 580 haplotypes were detected among 24 Y-STR loci in 580 unrelated Han males in Nanjing. The genetic diversity （GD） of each locus was from 0.294 6 to 0.939 8, and the haplotypes diversity （HD） was 0.983 7. There was a significant difference between the GD of 6 areas.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The 24 Y-STR loci such as DYS391 in Nanjing Han population have an application value in forensic science. They can also be used for cases testing and pedigree investigation.

Analysis of clinical features and early warning indicators of death from hand, foot and mouth disease in Shandong province / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the clinical features of death from hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and to explore the early warning index of HFMD death.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 41 HFMD death cases were collected as case group in Shandong province between 2009 and 2011, and another 123 serious HFMD cases were selected as control group according to the similar gender, place of origin and hospital level, with the ratio at 1:3. We investigated the general situation, clinical treatment, past medical history, clinical symptoms and signs of the ill children, and applied the conditional logistic regression to explore early warning index of HFMD death.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rate of patients who had symptoms in nervous system, digestive system, circulatory system and respiratory system were separately 90.2% (37/41), 58.5% (24/41), 53.7% (22/41) and 90.2% (37/41) in case group; and the proportions were 44.7% (55/123), 13.8% (17/123), 10.6% (13/123) and 12.2% (15/123) respectively in control group. The difference between the two groups showed statistical significance (χ(2) = 25.881, 32.791, 34.011, 86.505, P < 0.05). In case group, 37 patients had neurogenic pulmonary edema, 26 patients got encephalitis, 15 patients had respiratory and circulatory failure, 7 patients got pulmonary hemorrhage, 4 patients had multiple organ failure, 4 patients got myocarditis and 1 patient had cerebral hernia. According to multi-factor logistic regression analysis, the early warning indicators of HFMD death included neck resistance (case group: 34.1% (14/41), control group: 4.1% (5/123); OR = 7.145, 95%CI: 1.748 - 29.204), vomiting (case group: 58.5% (24/41), control group: 13.8% (17/123); OR = 5.632, 95%CI: 1.793 - 17.685) and increase of heart rate (case group: 53.7% (22/41), control group: 10.6% (14/123), OR = 6.370, 95%CI: 1.517 - 26.743).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In the process of clinical treatment and care, we should interfere the serious HFMD patients with neck resistance, vomiting and increase of heart rate, and thereby reduce the death from HFMD.</p>

Research on frequency of application with modern Chinese herbal medicine / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between 500 kinds of commonly used Chinese herbal medicine and the classification of their efficacies in Chinese Materia Medica in relation to the common diseases listed in Internal Medicine.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Database retrieval frequency of the quantitative statistical method was adopted. First, the 8 980 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine recorded in Chinese Materia Medica were used as the original search objects, and 4 493 kinds which were cited in more than five articles were picked out and then rechecked for further title citations. Second, as judged based on the Criterion, the numbers of articles which included the medicines in the line of standards were examined. As a result, 500 species of Chinese herbal medicine were singled out based on their retrieval frequency and were then used for compilation of the classification statistics according to their efficacy and the common diseases in Internal Medicine.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From the classification of Chinese medicines, herbs with wide efficiency and a meek nature had higher frequencies, but those which were not appropriate as decoctions had relatively lower frequencies. However, according to the average frequency, the Chinese herbal medicine for nourishing qi and tonifying blood, at 36,346 times and 34,544 times, respectively, were the most commonly used. Analyzed from the frequency of application of the Chinese medicine in the treatment of common diseases, most of the top 10 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine with the highest frequencies generally coincided with the 500 selected medicines. In addition, the Chinese medicines with clear pharmacological efficiency were easily isolated and purified to be made into injections, although other forms are more commonly used.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results of the research objectively reflected the current applications of Chinese herbal medicine, and could be used as references in teaching, research, clinical applications, and in compiling and increasing the drugs in textbooks and Pharmacopoeia.</p>