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1.
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-157249

RESUMEN

Laryngeal cancers account for 4% of all head and neck cancers in India. The disease process has better prognosis if it is diagnosed early. In view of this the objective of the study was to assess the reliability of serum enzyme marker adenosine deaminase and non-enzymatic antioxidant retinol in laryngeal cancer patients as supportive parameters for diagnostic purpose. Materials and methods:-25 clinically and histopathologically confirmed patients of laryngeal cancer in age group of 45-65 years were included in the study and 25 healthy subjects with in the same age group served as controls. Results:-The level of serum ADA was significantly elevated in laryngeal cancer patients in comparison to controls whereas retinol levels were significantly decreased. Conclusion: - Lipid per-oxidation as a result of cancer leads to membrane damage and an increase in cytoplasmic ADA. It is also associated with a decrease in levels of non-enzymatic antioxidant retinol. These biochemical parameters may be used as supportive parameters for diagnostic purpose and may add further for prognostic information. Further studies are required on a larger sample size to explore strategies by which normal levels of anti-oxidant can be maintained by a retinol rich diet which may play a role in reducing the morbidity and mortality due to cancer.

2.
Indian J Cancer ; 1998 Jun; 35(2): 65-72
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-49419

RESUMEN

This is a retrospective case-control study of male tongue cancer patients seen at Tata memorial Hospital, Bombay, during the years 1980-84. The purpose of the study was to identify the association of tobacco, alcohol, diet and literacy status with respect to cancers of two sub sites of tongue namely anterior portion of the tongue (AT) (ICD 1411-1414) and base of the tongue (BT) (ICD 1410). There were 142 male AT patients and 495 BT patients interviewed during the period. 635 interviewed male patients who were free of any disease were considered as control. Bidi smoking was found to be a significant risk factor for BT patients and tobacco chewing for AT patients respectively. Alcohol drinkers showed about 45% to 79% excess risk for both sites of tongue cancer. Illiteracy and non vegetarian diet proved to be a significant factor for AT patients only. The study brings out that the location of cancer has got a direct bearing with the type of tobacco use and other related habits and this inturn may provide meaningful interpretation of variations observed in the incidence of tongue cancer around the world.


Asunto(s)
Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/efectos adversos , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Dieta/efectos adversos , Humanos , India/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Plantas Tóxicas , Factores de Riesgo , Fumar/efectos adversos , Factores Socioeconómicos , Tabaco sin Humo/efectos adversos , Neoplasias de la Lengua/epidemiología
3.
Indian Pediatr ; 1997 Jun; 34(6): 481-90
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-7571

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical, biochemical, hormonal, radiological and histopathological profile of adrenocortical tumors in children; to assess the clinicopathological correlations and note the future outcome. DESIGN: Retrospective and prospective study. SETTING: Hospital based; Endocrine Service of our institution and other institution based services. SUBJECTS: 14 children (Females = 11, Males = 3) with adrenocortical tumor, aged 8 months to 13 years (mean age 5.1 +/- 3.42 years), seen over a period of 9 years. RESULTS: Females predominated (F:M = 3.7:1). Majority (64%) had a mixed picture with cushingoid features and virilization, whereas 36% presented only for virilization. Elevated serum cortisol levels with loss of diurnal variation was noted only in those with mixed clinical presentation. Adrenal androgen elevation was noted in majority of cases as virilization was common to all. CT confirmed the diagnosis of tumor, 7 on either side. Thirteen cases were operated. Histopathologic diagnosis was carcinoma in 7 and adenoma in 6 cases. Three of the seven with carcinoma died within 3 months to 2 years but two of these with small tumours (weight 60-65 g and diameter < 6 cm) were well at 2 and 5 years, while as one of the six with a large adenoma had recurrence and metastasis after three years. CONCLUSION: Female preponderance was marked (4 times), 43% of tumors had occurred by 3 years of age and 64% by 6 years. Neither the hormonal parameters nor the histopathology correlated well with the biological behavior and outcome. Prolonged and vigilant follow up is essential.


Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Neoplasias de la Corteza Suprarrenal/diagnóstico , Adenoma Corticosuprarrenal/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Corticosuprarrenal/diagnóstico , Distribución por Edad , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , India/epidemiología , Lactante , Masculino , Pronóstico , Estudios Prospectivos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Distribución por Sexo , Tasa de Supervivencia
4.
Indian J Cancer ; 1996 Jun; 33(2): 55-75
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-50778

RESUMEN

This is an epidemiological review on cancer of the oesophagus. In this attempt, all aspects of epidemiological factors based on national and international studies on oesophageal cancer have been brought out. The problem of this cancer in Indian context has been documented. The association of tobacco and alcohol habits with oesophageal cancer has been confirmed from the studies conducted in India. There is an urgent need to educate the common people about the harmful effect of these two habits and governments and voluntary organisation should take effective steps for its prevention.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Esofágicas/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , India/epidemiología , Masculino , Factores de Riesgo
5.
Indian J Med Sci ; 1996 Feb; 50(2): 50-2
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-67421

RESUMEN

Cancer control in any part of the world has to be a multi-directional effort addressed in a holistic manner. The general impression that cancer control means only collation of epidemiological data and efforts at primary prevention needs to be redefined because preventive and educative oncology, though an important component of cancer control, can achieve long-term goals only after 20 years or more. Along with such long-term objectives, methodology needs to be developed which takes care of immediate and recent needs in early diagnosis, effective treatment, and appropriate basic research for the ultimate control and cure of cancer. A holistic approach to the cancer control effort will, therefore, need the combined skills of many different specialists.


Asunto(s)
Asia/epidemiología , Instituciones Oncológicas , Servicios de Salud Comunitaria , Países en Desarrollo , Humanos , Neoplasias/diagnóstico
6.
Indian J Cancer ; 1995 Dec; 32(4): 175-8
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-50669

RESUMEN

Primary undifferentiated embryonal of the liver in children is a rare neoplasm with dismal prognosis. Surgery is the treatment of choice. Adjuvant chemotherapy may prove useful in improving the prognosis of these tumours. We report two cases of Primary undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver.


Asunto(s)
Niño , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Masculino , Neoplasias de Células Germinales y Embrionarias/patología , Sarcoma/patología
7.
Indian J Cancer ; 1994 Dec; 31(4): 250-6
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-50208

RESUMEN

Twenty nine cases of primary mediastinal germ cell tumours (MGCT) were seen at the Tata Memorial Hospital over a 16--year period (1974-1989). There were 5 benign MGCT occurring predominantly in females (80%), with these patients having an excellent result after surgery with all patients disease free at an median follow-up of 27 months. Malignant MGCT occurred only in males and demonstrated wide variation in response to treatment depending upon whether the tumour was seminomatous or non-seminomatous. There were 11 Seminomas, 5 Embryonal carcinomas, 5 Endodermal sinus tumours and 3 Teratocarcinomas. The diagnosis was established by surgical exploration or by biopsy of a lymph node or chest wall nodule in 20 patients. Four patients had needle biopsy. Seminomatous MGCT received radiotherapy as their main treatment modality and did well with 75% of the patients alive without disease at an average follow up of 33 months. The non-seminomatous MGCT could be divided into two groups. The mean survival for patients receiving cisplatinum based chemotherapy was 14 months as compared to the group not receiving such therapy where the survival was only 5.3 months. However, because of the advanced disease at presentation even in the group receiving cisplatinum chemotherapy, a long term complete response rate of only 20% could be achieved.


Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Adulto , Carcinoma Embrionario/diagnóstico , Niño , Preescolar , Cisplatino/uso terapéutico , Terapia Combinada , Ciclofosfamida/uso terapéutico , Tumor del Seno Endodérmico/diagnóstico , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Neoplasias del Mediastino/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de Células Germinales y Embrionarias/diagnóstico , Dosificación Radioterapéutica , Seminoma/diagnóstico , Factores de Tiempo
8.
J Postgrad Med ; 1993 Oct-Dec; 39(4): 216-7
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-117446

RESUMEN

Congenital tracheo-esophageal fistula without esophageal atresia was diagnosed on barium swallow radiography and esophagoscopy findings in an adult patient presenting with difficult in swallowing. The fistulous opening seen on the anterior wall of the esophagus led to the trachea. On bronchoscopy, the tracheal opening was located posteriorly 5 cm below the vocal cords. Successful repair was undertaken via a left cervical approach. The anatomical and developmental basis for the preferred approach is discussed with a brief literature review on the subject.


Asunto(s)
Sulfato de Bario/diagnóstico , Broncoscopía , Trastornos de Deglución/etiología , Esofagoscopía , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fístula Traqueoesofágica/congénito
9.
Indian J Cancer ; 1992 Dec; 29(4): 210-4
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-50872

RESUMEN

Primary adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is uncommon and the incidence in the middle third is rare, accounting for about 0.7 percent to 1.5 percent. Metastasis of carcinoma to the eye is a rare occurrence. We report here a case of primary adenocarcinoma of the middle third of the esophagus with choroidal metastasis.


Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/secundario , Adulto , Neoplasias de la Coroides/secundario , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patología , Humanos , Masculino
10.
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-64028

RESUMEN

Experience of outpatient esophageal dilation using Savary-Gilliard dilators in 130 patients during a 17 month period is reported. The strictures were radiation induced (48), tumoral stenoses (40), anastomotic (16) and due to other causes (26). Both fluoroscopy and endoscopy were used in 58%, endoscopy alone in 23% and fluoroscopy alone in 19% of patients for placement of the guide wire. One hundred and twenty six stricture dilations (97%) were technically successful. Eighty one (62%) patients could be dilated to 14 mm or more. One hundred and nineteen (94%) patients were dilated in one or two sessions. Among the 109 patients who followed up, dilation was successful in providing adequate dysphagia relief in 97 patients and facilitated the performance of other therapies in 9 patients. Major complications included severe continuous chest pain (1 case), hematemesis (2), fever (4) and transient stridor (2). The patient with persistent pain and 9 patients undergoing other therapies required hospitalization. There were no perforations or death. We conclude that esophageal dilation with Savary-Gilliard dilators is safe and effective even in tumors and post-radiation strictures. It can be performed on an outpatient basis in a majority of patients.


Asunto(s)
Adulto , Anciano , Dilatación/instrumentación , Neoplasias Esofágicas/complicaciones , Estenosis Esofágica/etiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Resultado del Tratamiento
11.
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-64479

RESUMEN

Anastomotic upper gastrointestinal strictures in 32 patients were dilated on an outpatient basis. Strictures had developed following resection-anastomosis of the esophagus in 27, total esophagectomy in two and total/partial gastrectomy in three patients. Patients with benign anastomotic strictures (group A; n = 21) presented within 6 (median 2) months of surgery while those with recurrent tumors at the site of anastomosis (group B; n = 11) presented 7 (median 14) months later. Dilation using Savary-Gilliard (n = 24), through the scope balloon (n = 2) and Eder Puestow (n = 1) dilators or a combination of these (n = 1) was possible in 20 (95%) patients in group A and 8 (73%) patients in group B. All the 28 patients had relief of dysphagia. Median duration of response after first dilation was 4.2 and 1.2 months in groups A and B respectively. Nature of previous surgery, length of the remaining stomach and recurrence of tumor at anastomosis appeared to affect the technique and outcome of dilation. Savary-Gilliard dilators can be used in a majority of patients except those with short stomachs where through the scope balloon dilators may be preferred.


Asunto(s)
Trastornos de Deglución/terapia , Dilatación/métodos , Estenosis Esofágica/etiología , Femenino , Neoplasias Gastrointestinales/cirugía , Humanos , Masculino , Pacientes Ambulatorios , Complicaciones Posoperatorias
12.
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-63575

RESUMEN

Esophageal diverticula are rarely found at the terminal portion, where they are called supradiaphragmatic or epiphrenic diverticula and occur in association with motility disorders of the terminal esophagus. We present here two cases of epiphrenic esophageal diverticulum, one of which was treated surgically.


Asunto(s)
Anciano , Diafragma/diagnóstico por imagen , Divertículo Esofágico/patología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad
13.
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-65020

RESUMEN

Diverticula of the gall bladder are very rare. We present here a patient with a giant diverticulum of the gall bladder with features of cholecystitis and cholelithiasis.


Asunto(s)
Colecistectomía , Divertículo/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades de la Vesícula Biliar/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X
14.
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-64740

RESUMEN

Five patients of medication-induced esophageal injury are reported. A history of ingestion of medications preceding the onset of dysphagia was obtained in all patients. Endoscopy revealed localised mucosal ulceration with surrounding edematous mucosa at the level of the aortic arch in four, and in the retro-cardiac esophagus in one patient. The medications involved were sustained release potassium chloride, doxycycline, ibuprofen, and an unidentified antibiotic and antihypertensive (one each). Healing of the esophageal ulcers was confirmed in all the patients by endoscopy.


Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Doxiciclina/efectos adversos , Enfermedades del Esófago/inducido químicamente , Humanos , Ibuprofeno/efectos adversos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cloruro de Potasio/efectos adversos
15.
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-64688

RESUMEN

Of the 312 cases of esophageal cancer seen over 2 years, four patients had associated varices. Three patients gave history of alcohol abuse. All had malnutrition and splenomegaly. Endoscopic biopsies were safe in the presence of varices. External radiation did not have any untoward effect on the varices. Prophylactic sclerotherapy was not required in these patients. The association between esophageal carcinoma and varices could be secondary to alcohol consumption or merely coincidental.


Asunto(s)
Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/complicaciones , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Neoplasias Esofágicas/complicaciones , Várices Esofágicas y Gástricas/complicaciones , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Plantas Tóxicas , Escleroterapia , Fumar , Tabaco sin Humo
16.
Indian J Cancer ; 1990 Dec; 27(4): 220-8
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-50194

RESUMEN

A study of clinical and pathological features, patterns of relapse and prognosis of breast cancer in various religious communities--viz. Hindu, Muslim, Christian and Parsi--was undertaken among 4377 evaluable cases treated at Tata Memorial Hospital between 1965 and 1982. Of these 82.4 per cent were Hindus, 7.3 per cent Muslims, 7.4 percent Christians and 2.7 percent Parsis. The mean age at diagnosis was 55 years for Parsis which was 7 to 8 years older than that for the other communities. There were no remarkable differences in histological tumour type or grade; except that parsis had higher incidence of uncommon histological types, such as dust carcinoma in situ and colloid carcinoma, and had a slightly more favourable grade distribution. When classified according to the TNM system (UICC 1978), the Parsis had the most favourable stage at presentation followed by Christians, Hindus and Muslims in that order. This trend was highly statistically significant (p less than 0.001). Despite this significant differences between stage of disease at diagnosis, no differences in the overall 5-year survival was observed between the communities. This remained true even after matching for disease stage and menopausal status. Even the Parsis, in whom the disease was detected relatively early, failed to register a survival advantage. Much work need to be done with regard to early detection of Breast Cancer in India.


Asunto(s)
Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Neoplasias de la Mama/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , India/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico , Religión y Medicina , Tasa de Supervivencia
17.
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-64202

RESUMEN

Gastric metastases from esophageal cancer are seldom diagnosed antemortem. Two patients who had endoscopically detected gastric metastases from esophageal cancer are reported. One patient had a metastasis developing 6 months after radiation therapy; the other developed metastasis after surgical resection of the primary tumor.


Asunto(s)
Anciano , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/secundario , Endoscopía Gastrointestinal , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Gástricas/secundario
18.
Indian J Cancer ; 1989 Jun; 26(2): 85-91
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-50707

RESUMEN

Forty patients of advanced ovarian carcinoma were treated with monthly cycles of cyclophosphamide, adriamycin and cisplatin. Debulking surgery was done in 29 cases. Clinical complete response was seen in 70 percent and an overall response in 85 percent of cases. The median follow-up was 30 months. The actuarial overall survival was 45 percent and the disease free survival was 35 percent at 3 years. The present protocol appears to have an important influence on initial control of disease but relapses continue to occur following the treatment. Cytoreductive surgery before or after three cycles of chemotherapy has a favourable influence on disease free survival (DFS). Prolonged follow up will be necessary to determine the overall influence on long term survival.


Asunto(s)
Análisis Actuarial , Adenocarcinoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Adenocarcinoma Papilar/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Carcinoma Papilar/tratamiento farmacológico , Cisplatino/administración & dosificación , Ciclofosfamida/administración & dosificación , Cistadenocarcinoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Doxorrubicina/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Humanos , India , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Ováricas/tratamiento farmacológico
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