RESUMEN
Objective@#This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lurasidone (160 mg/day) compared to quetiapine XR (QXR; 600 mg/day) in the treatment of acutely psychotic patients with schizophrenia. @*Methods@#Patients were randomly assigned to 6 weeks of double-blind treatment with lurasidone 160 mg/day (n=105) or QXR 600 mg/day (n=105). Primary efficacy measure was the change from baseline to week 6 in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score and Clinical Global Impressions severity (CGI-S) score. Adverse events, body measurements, and laboratory parameters were assessed. @*Results@#Lurasidone demonstrated non-inferiority to QXR on the PANSS total score. Adjusted mean±standard error change at week 6 on the PANSS total score was -26.42±2.02 and -27.33±2.01 in the lurasidone and QXR group, respectively. The mean difference score was -0.91 (95% confidence interval -6.35–4.53). The lurasidone group showed a greater reduction in PANSS total and negative subscale on week 1 and a greater reduction in end-point CGI-S score compared to the QXR group. Body weight, body mass index, and waist circumference in the lurasidone group were reduced, with significantly lower mean change compared to QXR. Endpoint changes in glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein levels were also significantly lower. The most common adverse drug reactions with lurasidone were akathisia and nausea. @*Conclusion@#Lurasidone 160 mg/day was found to be non-inferior to QXR 600 mg/day in the treatment of schizophrenia with comparable efficacy and tolerability. Adverse effects of lurasidone were generally tolerable, and beneficial effects on metabolic parameters can be expected.
RESUMEN
Objectives@#The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of token economy intervention on the clinical characteristics and global function of patients with schizophrenia. @*Methods@#From June 1, 2022 to September 1, 2022, token economy intervention was conducted for hospitalized patients with schizophrenia in a mental hospital. Assessments were conducted before and after the intervention. Clinical Global Impression-Schizophrenia scale (CGI-SCH), Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS), Insight Scale for Psychosis (ISP), and Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) were used to evaluate clinical characteristics. World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) was used for global functional assessment. @*Results@#A total of 51 patients were included in the study. Through token economy intervention, depressive (p=0.001), cognitive symptom domain scores (p<0.001) in CGI-SCH, and SQLS score were significantly decreased (p=0.044). In the WHODAS evaluated by the clinician, the scores of self-care (p=0.012), life activities (p=0.006), and participation in society (p=0.040) decreased significantly. @*Conclusion@#It was confirmed that token economy intervention had a positive effect on depressive symptoms, cognitive symptoms, quality of life, self-care function, daily living function, and social participation function in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia.
RESUMEN
Objectives@#：This study aimed to compare the characteristics of suicide attempts among Korean patients with mixed and non-mixed depression. @*Methods@#：Patients who visited the emergency room due to a suicide attempt and participated in the Korean Cohort for the Model Predicting a Suicide and Suicide-related Behavior study were included. Using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), 111 patients were classified into the mixed depression (n=46) and non-mixed depression groups (n=65). The Koukopoulos Mixed Depression Rating Scale (KMDRS) score was calculated using the MADRS and YMRS scores. Suicide attempt characteristics were evaluated using the Columbia Suicidal Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) and Suicide Intent Scale (SIS). @*Results@#：In the mixed depression group, the reason item among the ideation intensity score of the C-SSRS was higher, and the deterrent item score was lower. Scores on the timing and suicide note items of the SIS were higher, and scores for overt communication items were lower in the mixed depression group. The KMDRS score was positively correlated with the C-SSRS ideation intensity and total SIS score. After adjusting for additional variables,the KMDRS scores had a significant effect on the C-SSRS ideation intensity and total SIS scores. @*Conclusions@#：The mixed depression group showed a difference in the intensity of suicidal ideation and suicidal intention compared to those in the non-mixed depression group. The overall suicidal ideation intensity and suicidal intention increased according to the degree of mixed depression.
RESUMEN
Objectives@#：This study aimed to investigate quality of life, severity of depression, suicidality, subjective health and subjective stress of depression with subjective cognitive decline in Korean adults. @*Methods@#：We used the 7th KNHANES data to enroll 415 participants with a score of 10 or higher on Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), aged 20-64. Depression was divided into two groups based on the presence/absence of subjective cognitive decline. Demographic and psychological characteristics were compared between two groups. Correlation analysis of subjective cognitive decline, quality of life, depression, suicidal idea was car-ried out. To detect which variables influenced quality of life, a multiple regression analysis was carried out. @*Results@#：Among the 415 participants, 98 had depression with subjective cognitive decline. We identified sig-nificant differences in age, marital status, education, employment between the two groups. After adjusting for these variables, depression with subjective cognitive decline had lower EuroQol-5D index scores, more severe depressive symptoms without cognition and worse subjective health than depression without cognitive decline. There was a significant correlation between subjective cognitive decline and quality of life (r=-0.236, p<0.001), suicidal idea (r=0.182, p<0.001), depression score without cognition (r=0.108, p=0.028). Through multiple regression analysis, subjective cognitive decline was predictor of reduced quality of life (β=-0.178, p<0.001). @*Conclusions@#：Depression with subjective cognitive decline has poor quality of life and severe depression. Cognitive decline should be considered to improve treatment result in depression.
RESUMEN
Objective@#The Measurement and Treatment Research to improve Cognition in Schizophrenia Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) is used to measure the cognitive function of patients with schizophrenia. In some situations, interview-based measures such as the Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale (SCoRS) may be appropriate. In this study, we analyzed the correlation between performance- and interview-based measurements in patients with schizophrenia. @*Methods@#Fifty-six clinically stable patients were recruited. To evaluate cognitive function, we used the MCCB performance-based measure and the SCoRS interview-based measure. Measurements were taken at baseline, and 2 weeks and 3 months later. Spearman correlations were computed between each SCoRS item’s interviewer rating and each MCCB score. @*Results@#The correlation between the MCCB overall T score and the SCoRS global score was the strongest (r=-0.52), while the SCoRS total score and the MCCB Speed of Processing score also correlated (r=-0.48). The SCoRS global score showed statistically significant correlations with all seven MCCB domains and the overall T score. @*Conclusion@#This study reveals correlations between MCCB domains and SCoRS items. Since we find that interview-based measurements are highly correlated with performance-based measurements, we suggest them as a useful cognitive function evaluation tool that can easily be applied in clinical settings.
RESUMEN
Objective@#Cognition of peritoneal dialysis patients is influenced by various factors including dialysis adequacy such as fractional urea clearance (Kt/V) and relative overhydration (RelOH). This study aimed to discover the potential contribution of dialysis adequacy to cognitive function in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. @*Methods@#Fifty-nine patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis were recruited. Demographic information, comorbidities, and clinical lab findings were retrospectively collected, and dialysis adequacy was determined by the Kt/V and RelOH calculation. Cognition and depression were measured with Digit Symbol Substitution Test, Hopkins Verbal Learning Test, Wechsler memory scale (spatial span), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and Beck’s depression inventory. Partial correlation test was used to explore the correlation of dialysis adequacy with cognitive function. @*Results@#RelOH showed significant correlation with some of the Wisconsin Card Sorting test results. The categories achieved showed negative correlation (r=-0.32, p=0.02) and trials to complete first category showed positive correlation (r=0.31, p=0.02) with RelOH. Other tasks showed no significant correlation with RelOH. Kt/V. @*Conclusion@#Our study demonstrates that peritoneal dialysis adequacy, measured by RelOH, seems to be significantly correlated with the occurrence of cognitive impairment. The outcome suggests that RelOH may have the potential to clarify the role of cognitive impairment in peritoneal dialysis patients.
RESUMEN
Objectives@#：We aimed to evaluate the relationship between disability self-awareness and insight in patients with schizophrenia. @*Methods@#：We enrolled 58 clinically stable patients with schizophrenia. The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) self-report was used to identify self-awareness of functional ability. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Clinical Global Impression-Schizophrenia Scale (CGI-SCH), and Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP) were utilized to evaluate clinical symptoms and global function. Whereas Insight Scale for Psychosis (ISP) was applied for insight. Statistical analyses were performed using correlation and linear regression. @*Results@#：The WHODAS had a significant correlation with the general psychopathology subscale and total score of PANSS, CGI-SCH, and PSP. Moreover, ISP had a strong correlation with the overall WHODAS score and all domains. In the linear regression analysis, ISP had significant effects on the overall WHODAS score after adjusting for additional variables. @*Conclusion@#：Disability self-awareness was significantly correlated with the level of insight in patients with schizophrenia. Clinicians need to consider patients’ insight during the discussion of functional ability.
RESUMEN
Objective@#：Older adults are at greater risk for malnutrition than younger adults, and malnutrition can be associated with a variety of mental problems. This study was undertaken to investigate differences in mental health indicators according to nutritional risk administered to elderly people living in the community. @*Methods@#：Nutritional risk score was assessed using the ‘Determine Your Nutrition Health’ checklist, developed by the Nutritional Screening Initiative. The study enrolled 400 elderly people living in the community. Study subjects were divided into 3 groups based on their nutritional risk score: good nutrition (score ≤2; n=275), moderate nutritional risk (score 3-5; n=63), and high nutritional risk (score ≥6; n=62). The General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), suicide risk screening tool, memory decline awareness, sleep disorder questionnaire, and health-related quality of life (EuroQoL-5 dimension, EQ-5D) were used to assess mental health problems. Statistical analyses were performed using chi-square test, analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation analysis. @*Results@#：In the high nutrition risk group, GHQ-12 score was highest. In the good nutrition group, subjective memory impairment score and sleep difficulty were lowest, and EQ-5D index was highest. The risk of suicide tended to increase with increasing nutritional risk. Nutritional risk score was significantly correlated with GHQ-12, subjective memory impairment, sleep latency time, total sleep duration, sleep difficulty, and EQ-5D index. @*Conclusion@#：This study confirms that nutritional risk in the elderly is related to various psychological symptoms and low quality of life. High nutritional risk in the elderly warrants clinical attention to mental health and quality of life.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVES@#This study aimed to investigate the association between depression with atypical features and metabolic syndromes in Korean adults using the 2016 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data.@*METHODS@#We used the 2016 KNHANES data to enroll 277 participants with a score of 10 or higher on Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Depression with atypical features was diagnosed when at least two of the following criteria were met : 1) sleeping more than 10 hours a day ; 2) weight gain of more than 3 kg in a year ; and 3) fatigue/anergia. Depression was divided into two groups based on the presence/absence of atypical features. Physical and mental health, and risk of metabolic syndrome were compared between the groups.@*RESULTS@#Among the 277 participants, 91 had depression with atypical features. We identified significant differences in age, sex, income, and education between the two groups. After adjusting for these variables, depression with atypical features had lower EuroQol-5D index scores (p<0.001) and higher prevalence of metabolic syndromes (p=0.035) compared to the depression without atypical features. Depression with atypical features had higher odds ratio (OR) in association with metabolic syndromes after adjusting for confounding variables (OR=1.923 ; 95% confidence interval : 1.069–3.460).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Depression with atypical features increases the risk of metabolic syndromes and lowers the quality of life.
RESUMEN
Schizophrenia is a major chronic mental illness with various symptoms that is often accompanied by substance use disorders. Patients with schizophrenia have a higher smoking rate than the general population and a lower smoking cessation success rate. Further, their motivation for smoking cessation is often low. Individuals with schizophrenia that are past or present cigarette smokers are more difficult to treat in terms of psychotic symptoms, are more likely to have physical illnesses, and have higher mortality rates. A variety of treatments, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, are used to aid smoking cessation in patients with schizophrenia. Among these, bupropion, varenicline, and nicotine replacement therapy can be safely used in patients with schizophrenia, and several studies have demonstrated their effects. Cigarette smoking is an important health problem. The study of smoking cessation in individuals with schizophrenia may help improve their ability to function and their quality of life through active evaluation and treatment.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Bupropión , Quimioterapia , Mortalidad , Motivación , Nicotina , Calidad de Vida , Esquizofrenia , Humo , Cese del Hábito de Fumar , Fumar , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias , Productos de Tabaco , VareniclinaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The objective of present study is to analyze the prevalence of depression and anxiety following breast cancer surgery and to assess the factors that affect postoperative psychological symptoms. METHODS: The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Body Image Scale (BIS), and Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES) were used to assess the psychological states of patients who had been diagnosed with and had undergone surgery for breast cancer. Blood concentrations of the stress markers adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, arginine-vasopressin, and angiotensin-converting enzyme were measured. Pearson’s correlation analysis and multilinear regression analysis were used to analyse the data. RESULTS: At least mild depressive symptoms were noted in 50.5% of patients, while 42.4% of patients exhibited at least mild anxiety symptoms. HAM-D score was positively correlated with HAM-A (r=0.83, p < 0.001) and BIS (r=0.29, p < 0.001) scores and negatively correlated with RSES score (r=-0.41, p < 0.001). HAM-A score was positively correlated with BIS score (r=0.32, p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with RSES score (r=-0.27, p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant associations between stress markers and depression/anxiety. CONCLUSION: Patients with breast cancer frequently exhibit postoperative depression and anxiety, which are related to low levels of self-esteem and distorted body image.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Hormona Adrenocorticotrópica , Ansiedad , Imagen Corporal , Neoplasias de la Mama , Mama , Depresión , Hidrocortisona , Plasma , Prevalencia , AutoimagenRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the bone mineral density of male patients with alcohol dependence with that in healthy controls and to assess changes in bone density after abstinence. METHODS: Forty-four inpatients with confirmed the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition diagnosis of alcohol abuse and 42 controls were recruited. Bone density was determined with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in the lumbar spine as well as in the femoral neck, trochanter, and Ward’s triangle regions of the proximal right femur. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in age and body mass index between patients with alcohol dependence and healthy controls. In the alcohol dependence group, osteopenia and osteoporosis were found in 54.5% and 34.1% of the patients, respectively, whereas in the control group, the corresponding values were 45.2% and 11.9% (p=0.001). Although the actual bone density in the femur and the corresponding T-scores were significantly lower in the alcohol dependence group, no significant differences were found in the lumbar spine. In both groups, body mass index showed a significant correlation with bone mineral density in all areas. After 3 to 4 years of abstinence, bone density significantly increased in the lumbar and femur. CONCLUSION: We conclude that bone mineral density in patients with alcohol dependence was significantly lower than that in healthy controls, and the rates of osteopenia and osteoporosis are higher. Importantly, abstinence from alcohol increases bone density.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Absorciometría de Fotón , Abstinencia de Alcohol , Alcoholismo , Índice de Masa Corporal , Densidad Ósea , Enfermedades Óseas Metabólicas , Diagnóstico , Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales , Fémur , Cuello Femoral , Pacientes Internos , Osteoporosis , Columna VertebralRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The study’s aim was to develop and standardize a Korean version of the University of California San Diego Performance-based Skills Assessment (K-UPSA), which is used to evaluate the daily living function of patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: Study participants were 78 patients with schizophrenia and 27 demographically matched healthy controls. We evaluated the clinical states and cognitive functions to verify K-UPSA’s reliability and validity. For clinical states, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Clinical Global Impression-Schizophrenia scale, and Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale and Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale-fourth revision were used. The Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale, Short-form of Korean-Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test were used to assess cognitive function. RESULTS: The K-UPSA had statistically significant reliability and validity. The K-UPSA has high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha, 0.837) and test-retest reliability (intra-class correlation coefficient, 0.381–0.792; p<0.001). The K-UPSA had significant discriminant validity (p<0.001). Significant correlations between the K-UPSA’s scores and most of the scales and tests listed above demonstrated K-UPSA’s concurrent validity (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The K-UPSA is useful to evaluate the daily living function in Korean patients with schizophrenia.
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Humanos , California , Cognición , Inteligencia , Calidad de Vida , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Esquizofrenia , Pesos y Medidas , WisconsinRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study's aim was to develop and standardize a Korean version (SCoRS-K) of the Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale (SCoRS), which is used to evaluate the degree of cognitive dysfunction affecting the everyday functioning of people with schizophrenia. METHODS: Eighty-four schizophrenia patients with stable symptoms who were receiving outpatient treatment and rehabilitation therapy, and 29 demographically matched non-patient controls, participated in the study. Demographic data were collected, and clinical symptoms, cognitive function, and social function were evaluated to verify SCoRS-K's reliability and validity. Clinical symptoms were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Clinical Global Impression-Schizophrenia Scale. Cognitive function was evaluated using a short form of the Korean Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Social function was evaluated using the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale, the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale, and the Social Functioning Scale. RESULTS: Data analysis demonstrated SCoRS-K's statistically significant reliability and validity. SCoRS-K has high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha; patient 0.941, informant 0.905, interviewer 0.964); test-retest reliability [patient 0.428 (p=0.003), informant 0.502 (p<0.001), interviewer 0.602 (p<0.001); and global rating 0.642 (p<0.001)]. The mean scores of subjects were significantly higher than those of the controls (p<0.001), demonstrating SCoRS-K's discriminant validity. Significant correlations between the total scores and global rating score of SCoRS-K and those of the scales and tests listed above (except WCST) support SCoRS-K's concurrent validity. CONCLUSION: SCoRS-K is a useful instrument for evaluating the degree of cognitive dysfunction in Korean schizophrenia patients.
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Humanos , Cognición , Inteligencia , Manifestaciones Neuroconductuales , Pacientes Ambulatorios , Calidad de Vida , Rehabilitación , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Esquizofrenia , Estadística como Asunto , Pesos y Medidas , WisconsinRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: With the burgeoning elderly population, mental health among the elderly has surfaced as an important medical, social, and economic issue. This study was a pilot study testing the assessment module that was developed to survey mental health among the elderly living in the city of Busan. METHODS: Basic demographic data and mental health problems were investigated using the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), suicide risk screening tool, subjective memory deterioration scale, sleep disorder and sleep pattern scale, health-related quality of life scale (EuroQoL-5 dimension), and alcohol abuse screening tool (Cut down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener Questionnaire). RESULTS: Four-hundred adults aged 65 years or older living in either of two districts in the Busan metropolitan city participated in the study, of whom 219 (54.8%) were female. About 26.8% of the participants were obese, while 2.3% were underweight. One hundred and twenty-five (31.3%) participants were in need of attention to or improvement of nutrition management, and 19.1% perceived themselves to be in poor health. In the GHQ-12, 68.8% were in psychological distress (≥2). About 49.8% of the participants had insomnia, 61.8% had subjective memory disturbance, and 6% were at risk of suicide. The GHQ-12 score, proportion of participants with sleep disturbance, and subjective memory deterioration was significantly higher among women than in men, while health-related quality of life was higher in men. CONCLUSION: A considerable number of older adults living in the Busan region were suffering from psychological stress, were in need of nutrition management, had low quality of life, and had poor mental health, and women were particularly more vulnerable.
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Alcoholismo , Tamizaje Masivo , Memoria , Salud Mental , Proyectos Piloto , Calidad de Vida , Trastornos del Inicio y del Mantenimiento del Sueño , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia , Estrés Psicológico , Suicidio , DelgadezRESUMEN
One important purpose of premedical education is to help students attain core competencies during the two-year premedical program. Since premedical curriculum is the foundation of medical education, it is necessary to develop the premedical curriculum in accordance with the overarching curriculum of a medical school. Inje University's College of Medicine (IUCM) has attempted to integrate competency-based medical education into the premedical education curriculum. The revised premedical curriculum aims to develop students' intrinsic competencies during premedical years. In an effort to do so, IUCM defined competencies for premedical education, analyzed and designed premedical courses according to the defined competencies, and suggested learner-centered instructional methods. As a result of implementing the revised premedical curriculum, students have reported both positive experiences and difficulties. Based on the results, it will be necessary to continuously improve the premedical curriculum as well as develop appropriate methods for evaluating student achievement of the defined competencies.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Educación Basada en Competencias , Curriculum , Educación Médica , Educación Premédica , Facultades de MedicinaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: According to the recent Korean National Police Agency report, rape victims were 17.1%, but sexual molestation victims were more than the rape victims by 78.0%. Despite many international reports about the occurrence of severe psychiatric symptoms in sexual molestation victims, there is no domestic research. Therefore in this study, we investigated psychiatric symptoms of sexual molestation victims, and we also compared it with psychiatric symptoms in rape victims. METHODS: 58 women who visited Busan Smile Center within 3months after sexual violence were the study subjects. Questionnaire about sociodemographic and sexual violence related characteristics were retrospectively investigated. Of the psychiatric symptoms, Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI) for severity of depression and anxiety, and Impact of Event Scale-Revised(IES-R) to check the presence of posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) symptoms were used. RESULTS: Of 58 sexual violence victims, sexual molestation victims were 36(62.1%) and rape victims were 22(37.9%). In sexual molestation victims, 80.6% had more than moderate severity of depression, 83.3% had more than moderate severity of anxiety, and 94.4% had significant scores at PTSD screening test. Compared with rape victims' psychiatric symptoms(each 95.5%, 95.5%, 95.5%) there were no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of sexual molestation victims were also accompanied by depression, anxiety and PTSD symptoms as rape victims. There results suggest that appropriate assessment and early treatment for psychiatric symptom must be made in the early stage of injury in sexual molestation victims.
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Ansiedad , Depresión , Tamizaje Masivo , Policia , Violación , Estudios Retrospectivos , Delitos Sexuales , Trastornos por Estrés PostraumáticoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: With the observation of factors influencing depression, self-reported happiness, self-reported stress and suicidal attempt, this study compared and evaluated the mental health of adolescents from multicultural families and monocultural families in Korea. METHODS: This study compared the characteristics of adolescents from multicultural and monocultural families based on the analysis of data of The Tenth Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey and analyzed the factors influencing adolescent depression, self-reported happiness, self-reported stress and suicidal attempt. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the levels of depression, self-reported happiness, and self-reported stress between adolescents from multicultural and monocultural families. However, suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt were significantly higher in adolescents from multicultural families. CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference between the mental health of adolescents from multicultural and monocultural families. Because depression is the greatest factor for suicidal attempt, and violence has stronger relationship with depression of adolescents from multicultural families, further study is needed to prevent this trend.
Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Humanos , Depresión , Felicidad , Corea (Geográfico) , Salud Mental , Asunción de Riesgos , Ideación Suicida , Suicidio , ViolenciaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Cognitive dysfunction is common in people with schizophrenia, and language disability is one of the most notable cognitive deficits. This study assessed the use and comprehension ability of the Korean language in patients with schizophrenia and the correlations between language ability and cognitive function. METHODS: Eighty-six patients with schizophrenia and a group of 29 healthy controls were recruited. We assessed both clinical symptoms and cognitive functions including Korean language ability. For clinical symptoms, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Clinical Global Impression-Schizophrenia Scale, and Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale were used. For the Korean language ability assessment, a portion of the Korean Broadcasting System (KBS) Korean Language Test was used. The Short-form of Korean-Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, the Korean version of the University of California San Diego (UCSD) Performance-based Skills Assessment (K-UPSA), and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) were used to assess cognitive functions. RESULTS: Schizophrenic patients had significantly lower scores in the language and cognitive function tests both in the total and subscale scores. Various clinical scores had negative correlations with reading comprehension ability of the KBS Korean Language Test. The WCST and a part of the K-UPSA had positive correlations with multiple domains of the language test. CONCLUSION: A significant difference was found between schizophrenic patients and controls in language ability. Correlations between Korean language ability and several clinical symptoms and cognitive functions were demonstrated in patients with schizophrenia. Tests of cognitive function had positive correlations with different aspects of language ability.
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Humanos , California , Cognición , Comprensión , Inteligencia , Pruebas del Lenguaje , Lenguaje , Esquizofrenia , WisconsinRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to analyze the clinical variables associated with occurrence of delirium tremens (DT) in inpatients with alcohol dependence initially admitted with diseases unrelated to alcohol. METHODS: This study included 132 inpatients seeking treatment for medical problem with acute alcohol withdrawal. The cases were divided into two groups : with DT group (n=44), without DT group (n=88). We compared the epidemiologic data, alcohol withdrawal symptoms and serum analysis data between two groups. We used the logistic regression to predict risk factors for DT. RESULTS: The DT group had more severe alcohol withdrawal symptoms, more amount of drinking alcohol, more number of drinking per month, higher blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, amylase, C-reactive protein and lower serum total protein than the without-DT group. According to the result of a logistic regression, occurrence of DT showed correlation with the following factors : sweating, hallucination, agitation, amount of alcohol consumption, number of drinking per month. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests development of DT was correlated with severe alcohol withdrawal symptoms, high BUN, creatinine and low total serum protein. Therefore, during assessment of alcohol dependent patients, clinicians should keep these parameters in mind in order to prevent DT.