Clinical efficacy of Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab in the treatment of initially borderline resectable advanced liver cancer / 中华消化外科杂志

Conversion therapy has become the core in the treatment of borderline resectable or unresectable liver cancer, which provides resectable opportunities for more advanced liver cancer patients. In accordance with the first-choice treatment regimen recommended by the guidelines, the authors reported a successful case of Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab (T+A regimen) conversion therapy. The patient with initially borderline resectable advanced liver cancer was performed liver segment resection sucessfully after conversion therapy, and non-tumor recurrence was observed at postoperative 9 months. Postoperative pathological examination showed combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma, which also indicated the important value of T+A regimen in the conversion therapy of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma.

Primary pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms:a clinicopathological analysis of 60 cases / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To study the clinicopathological characteristics of primary pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. Method 60 cases of resected pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms according to the WHO (2010) classification of the digestive system of neuroen-docrine tumor to evaluate morphological standard, and combining with the literature to discuss the clinicopathological characteristics. Results Among the 60 cases, 23 cases were male patients, the rest were females, with male and female ratio of 1 ∶ 1. 61. The age of the patients were ranged from 19 to 69 years, with mean age of 49. 38 ± 11. 60 years. Tumor maximum diameter ranged from 0. 5 to 16 cm, and the mean diameter was 3. 29 ± 3. 53 cm. 30 cases located in the pancreatic head, 27 cases in the body and end of the pancre-as and 3 cases in the neck. Pathological examination showed the G1 (24 cases), G2 (25 cases), G3 (9 cases), and mixed adenon-euroendocrine carcinoma ( MANEC) in 2 cases. Immunohistochemical staining showed that NSE, CgA, Syn, and CD56 were diffusely positive expression. 45 patients were followed up for 4~80 months, 7 cases died, of which 1 case was G2, 4 cases were G3, and 2 ca-ses were MANEC. Conclusion Primary pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms is a relatively rare pancreatic malignant tumor, and the diagnosis is based primarily on histologic features and immunohistochemical examination. Accurate pathological assessment has impor-tant value to guide clinical treatment and prognosis.

Pathological and immunological changes of renal transplant rejection: report of 56 cases / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the pathological and immunological changes of renal grafts in recipients experiencing graft rejection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinicopathologic data of 56 renal needle biopsy samples obtained from renal transplant recipients were analyzed retrospectively. The specimens were classified histopathologically according to the Banff 2009 classification system and analyzed by immunohistochemical labeling and immunofluorescence.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the 56 recipients, 1 (1.79%) experienced hyperacute rejection, 8 (14.29%) had suspected acute rejection, 12 (21.43%) developed acute T-cell rejection, 6 (10.71%) had acute antibody-mediated rejection, 2 (3.57%) had acute T-cell rejection with acute antibody-mediated rejection, 12 (21.43%) had chronic active T cell-mediated rejection, 2 (3.57%) had chronic active antibody-mediated rejection, 2 (3.57%) had chronic active T cell-mediated rejection with antibody-mediated rejection, 8 (14.29%) had non-specific interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy, and 3 (5.36%) had normal graft function. The expression levels of immune markers CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, GrB and perforin differed with the types of T cell-mediated graft rejection, and the positivity and expression levels of these markers tended to increased with the severity of graft rejection. The expression of C4d was positive in all cases with antibody-mediated graft rejection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The pathological characteristics of the renal biopsy specimens and expression levels of the immune markers allow timely and accurate evaluation of graft rejection type to provide a reliable pathological and etiological basis for clinical treatment and prognostic assessment.</p>

Amyloid nephropathy:a clinicopathologic analysis of 31 cases / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the clinical and pathological features of amyloid nephropathy. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in 31 cases of amyloidosis nephropathy. The clinical data and pathologic features of kidney biopsy were analyzed. Re-sults 31 cases of amyloid degeneration accounted for 1. 19% (31/2 603) in all patients of kidney biopsy in the same period. 15 pa-tients were female, and 16 males. Patients’ age ranged from 36 to 77 years old, with mean age of (61. 28 ± 10. 95) years. Clinical staging showed that simple proteinuria were 4 cases (12. 90%), nephrotic syndrome, 21 cases (67. 74%), and renal failure, 6 cases (19. 35%). Under microscope, amyloid deposits were observed in the glomerular mesangial area, capillary basement membrane and small arteries, and those also deposited between renal interstitial and tubular basement membrane in severe cases. Potassium permanga-nate oxidation Congo red staining showed that AL type were 27 cases and AA 4 cases. Immunofluorescence study in some cases showed some degree of weak immunoglobulin and complement deposition, but some cases were negative. Immunohistochemical staining showed different expression of immunoglobulin light chain κ and λ light chains. Under electron microscope, amyloid fibrils were noted in the mesangial area and capillary walls. Conclusion Amyloidosis nephropathy occurs in middle-aged patients with kidney disease, some-times lack of specific clinical manifestations. Renal biopsy is the only approach to confirm the diagnosis. For suspicious patients, renal biopsy should be done as early as possible.

In vitro effects of asiaticoside on the proliferation of and connective tissue growth factor expression by keloid-derived fibroblasts / 中华皮肤科杂志

[Objective] To investigate the m vitro effect of asiaticoside on the proliferation of and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression by keloid-derived fibroblasts.[Methods] Tissue samples from patients with keloid were obtained for primary culture of fibroblasts.After 3 to 7 passages,the fibroblasts were incubated with different concentrations (100,10,1,0.1,0.01 mg/L) of asiaticoside or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for 24,48 and 72 hours followed by the determination of cell viability by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay.Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were carried out to quantify the expression of CTGF in the fibroblasts at 48 hours after treatment with different concentrations of asiaticoside.The morphology of fibroblasts was observed before and after the treatment with asiatieoside.[Results] As morphological observation showed,different concentrations of asiaticoside induced an obvious apoptosis and growth inhibition in fibroblasts.The growth of fibroblasts was suppressed by asiaticoside of 1-100 mg/L in a dose-dependent manner (r =0.95,0.90,0.92 for 24-,48- and 72-hour treatment respectively,all P ＜ 0.01 ),and one-factor analysis of variance revealed statistical differences in the growth inhibition rate in fibroblasts between different treatment durations for each tested concentration of asiaticoside (all P ＜ 0.01 ).There was a strong expression of CTGF in untreated fibroblasts,which was weakened by the treatment with asiaticoside for 48 hours.The number of CTGF-positive fibroblasts per 100 cells was 73 in untreated fibroblasts,significantly higher than that in fibroblasts treated with asiaticoside at 1 mg/L (54,t =4.34,P ＜ 0.01 ) and 10 mg/L (46,t =6.26,P ＜ 0.01 ),and statistical differences were observed between the fibroblasts treated with asiaticoside at 1 mg/L and 10 mg/L (t =1.95,P ＜ 0.05).Western blot also showed that the expression of CTGF was inhibited by 48-hour treatment with asiaticoside,and the inhibitive effect displayed a trend to increase with the rise in the concentration of asiaticoside.[Conclusion] Asiaticoside can effectively inhibit the oroliferation of and CTGF expression by fibroblasts in vitro.

Satoh typing for tumor thrombi in hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor thrombi in the bile duct / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To evaluate Satoh typing for tumor thrombi in the bile duct in patients of hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on clinical data of 51 hepatocellular carcinoma patients with tumor thrombi in the bile duct undergoing hepatectomy in Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital from Jan 2004 to Dec 2005.The cumulative disease-free survival by the three Satoh types were compared by Kaplain-Meire analysis.and log-rank test.Results There was no operationrelated motality and the postoperative complication rate was 22%(11/5 1).The overall survival rates at 1-and 2-years were respectively 76%(39/51)and 55%(28/51).The overall disease-free survival rates at 1-and 2-years were respectively 53%(27/51)and 22%(11/51).The disease-free survival rates at 1-and 2-years in type Ⅰ patients were respectively 61%(19/31)and 29%(19/31).The disease-free survival rates at 1-and 2-years in type Ⅱ and Ⅲ patients were respectively 35%(7/20)and 10%(2/20).The cumulative disease-free survival rates at 2-years was statistically different between type Ⅰ,type Ⅱ and Ⅲ (v=7.489,P=0.006)).Conclusions Satoh typing of tumor thrombi helps to determine the surgery plan and assess the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor thrombi in the bile duct.

Quality Assurance and Quality Control in Body X-ray Knife / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To analyse quality assurance(QA) and quality control (QC) during the process of X-ray stereotactic treatment.Methods The dosage of body X-ray irradiation,the treatment room of linear accelevator and the position of targe were measured using the standard inonizing and film dosage methods.Results The maximum error rate of body X-ray irradiation treatment system was 3%,it was in keeping with the national standard level which is 5%.Conclusion It is an essential to establish a comprehensive QA and QC program to guarantee a good treatment precision of X-ray stereotactic irradiation.

Diagnosis and treatment of hepatic hemangioma:a report of 50 cases / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To study the diagnosis and treatment of hepatic hemangioma. Methods (Retrospective) analysis was made on the clinical data of 50 patients with hepatic hemangioma in our hospital from January 1998 to January 2003. Results The accuracy diagnotic rate of ultrasound, CT, MRI were 90%(45/50), 97.6%(40/41), 100%(5/5) respectively.The correct diagnostic rate was 96.0% in this series. The operative indications were symptomatic hemangioma, diameter of tumor larger than 4.0 cm, or tumor with uncertain diagnosis. The operations performed were as follows:Laparoscopic(enucleation) of hemangioma in one cases. 3 patients treated by transcatheter arterial embolization, and(thirty-nine) patients underwent surgical(excision).No death occurred in this series. Four(10.3%, 4/39) had postoperative complications. (Conclusions) Hepatic hemangioma can usually be correctly diagnosed.Ultrasound, CT and MRI are the main(diagnostic) methods for the diagnosis of hepatic hemangioma.For patients with hepatic hemangioma that is(symptomatic), increasing in size,or of uncertain diagnosis, surgical treatment is safe and effective. Laparoscopic(enucleation) of hemangioma can be performed in selected cases.

Clinical diagnosis and treatment of splenic tumor / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To summarize the experience on diagnosis and treatment of splenic neoplasm. Methods Clinical data of 40 patients with primary splenic space occupying lesion treated in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results Thirty four out of the 40 cases were diagnosed as primary splenic neoplasm preoperatively. The detectable rate of B-US was 94%, and that of CT was 96%. The discrimination rate of benignancy and malignancy by CT was 84%. Serum AKP and ?-GT were significanfiy increased in most of the malignancies. Seventeen among 22 cases with benignancy were treated by splenectomy, and the others underwent partial splenectomy or tumor resection. Sixteen of 18 patients with malignancy underwent splenectomy, and two did biopsy. Pathology revealed cysts in 13, angiocavernoma in 4, inflammatory pseudotumor in 3, caverous lymphangioma in 1, and cystic degeneration of liomyoma in 1; malignant lymphoma and lymphsarcoma in 9, hemangiosarcoma in 3, and fibrosarcoma, liomyosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma in 1 each. Three cases with malignancy have survived more than 5 years. Conclusions Splenic neoplasm is diagnosed mainly according to clinical manifestation and image examination. The discrimination of benignancy and malignancy depends on CT, angiography, and serous AKP and ?-GT level. Radical operation and complex treatment could improve the prognosis of splenic malignant tumor.

Experimental study on the anticancer effect of Curcumine on mice of S180 in vivo / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To study Curcumine's growth-inhibitory effects and morphological changes on sarcoma grafts of S180 mice,with further inquiry into the possible mechanism.Methods A total of 30 cases of S180 mice were assigned randomly into 3 groups: saline group(blank control),CTX group(positive controlled) and Curcumine group.① The anti-tumor effect on internal organ of mice was observed to study the tumor inhibition rate in different groups.② Influence of curcumine on mice's immune system was studied by comparing the index of thymus and spleen.③ The growth and patho-morphologic changes of tumor cells were observed.④To calculate the index of apoptosis cells and observe the morphological changes of all groups' apoptosis cells under electroscope.Results ① The inhibitory rate was 68.32% in the curcumine group,70.43% in the positive controlled group.Compared to blank control group, these two groups had significantly elevated tumor inhibition rate(P0.05);however,positive thymus index in control group had significant decrease compared with that in the other two groups(P0.05).③ Under electroscope,curcumine group and positive control group had significant decrease in growth of tumor,degree of tumor infiltration,number of nucleus fission,and blood vessel number compared to those in negative control group(P