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Background: Diabetes and depression are two major issues related to community health. Diabetes patients frequently co-occur with depression. Diabetes patients frequently co-occur with depression, which calls for serious attention because delayed diagnosis and treatment can worsen the patients' complications. Assessing the prevalence of depression in diabetic patients and identifying the various factors associated with it were the objectives of this research study. Methods: In this study 70 adult patients suffering from type 2 DM participated in this 6-month prospective study. Sociodemographic data and clinical features of the participants were collected. The presence and severity of depressive symptoms in patients have been assessed by a PHQ9 questionnaire. Ethical approval was taken before the commencement of the study. SPSS (Version 20) was used for data analysis. Results: The majority of the patients were from 41-50 years of age group (32.9%) with a female predominance (58.6%), with no symptoms of depression before type 2 DM (92.9%). Most of them had primary education (32.9%) and majority were homemakers (44.3%) residing in urban are (65.7%) living joint family setup (68.6%). Most of them had 11 to 20 years of type 2 DM duration (745.8%) with a high family history of type 2 DM (75.7%). Majority of them were on Oral therapy (47.1%) with ophthalmic complications (32.9%). The majority of them had mild depression (5-9) i.e. 67.1%. Conclusions: Due to patient-specific diabetes management and inappropriate diabetes treatment, the majority of cases were found to have depressive disorders. This article focused on a few common factors and their relationships that lead to depression in people with diabetes.
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Background: The prevalence of type 2 DM is alarmingly rising on a global scale. Improved treatments for type 2 DM are still needed, in order to slow the disease抯 development. A role in the pathophysiology of type 2 DM has been suggested by the correlation between vitamin D insufficiency and several non-skeletal illnesses, including DM. The goal of the study was to determine if vitamin D supplementation may help type 2 DM patients whose glycemic status was uncontrolled even after using oral antidiabetics. Methods: 60 individuals with type 2 DM and vitamin D insufficiency participated in this 12-week open-label, before-and-after study. For 12 weeks, in addition to oral anti-diabetic medications, these patients also received 60,000 IU of vitamin D3 orally every week. HbA1c, FBS, and 25(OH)D levels parameters were included. Results: The majority of the patients were from 41-50 years of age group (48.3%) with a male predominance (60%). Most of them were having >1 year of type 2 DM duration (78.3%) with a high family history of type 2 DM (70%). After 12 weeks, there was a substantial (p<0.001*) drop in FBG levels and a significant (p<0.001*) decrease in HbA1c. 25(OH)D levels showed a high rise (p<0.001*). None of the patients had any side effects. Conclusions: Vitamin D treatment improves glycemic status, which slows the development of type 2 DM and its associated effects. As such, vitamin D supplementation is a safe and promising adjuvant treatment for individuals with type 2 diabetes who are low in vitamin D.
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A 25-year-old male presented with features of acute airways obstruction. He was diagnosed to have a lower tracheal mass with near total tracheal obstruction and complete obstruction of the left main bronchus. The tumour was resected successfully using a two-step method of ventilation. Histopathology of the mass revealed it to be a spindle cell sarcoma. Subsequently, local irradiation and systemic chemotherapy was given.