[ association of vitamin D receptor gene BsmI polymorphism with multiple sclerosis in Iranian patients]

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 [1,25 [OH] 2 D 3], the biologically active form of vitamin D, exerts an immunosuppressive effect through binding to its specific nuclear receptor. The present case-control study was done to examine the possible association of BsmI polymorphism in vitamin D receptor gene [VDR gene] with severity of multiple sclerosis [MS]. 267 Iranian patients with MS and 292 ethnically and sex matched controls were included in this study. BsmI polymorphism in VDR gene was assessed by PCR-RFLP method. No differences in the allelic distribution were observed in the patients as compared to the controls. Also no difference in genotype distribution of VDR-BsmI polymorphism was observed between patients and controls [p=0.43]. Considering the significance of vitamin D 3 as an immune system regulator and its inhibitory effects on MS, investigation on other VDR gene polymorphisms is recommended

Production of prostate-specific antigen [PSA] by a breast cancer cell line, SK-Br-3

PSA is a 33-KDa serine protease that is produced predominantly by prostate epithelium. However, it has been shown that about 30-40% of female breast tumors produce PSA and its production is associated with the presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors. We have now developed a new tissue culture system to study PSA production in breast cancer and its association with prognostic factors such as progesterone receptor and c-erbB- 2. For this purpose we investigated the ability of PSA production in five different cell lines, including two breast cancer cell lines, SK-Br-3 and MDA-MB-453. The PSA in tissue culture supernatant and cytoplasm of the Sk-Br-3 cell line was detected by western blotting and immunoperoxidase, respectively. Furthermore, we found lower expression of c-erbB-2 in Sk-Br-3 than non-PSA producer breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB453. Progesterone receptor was expressed by both PSA-positive and -negative cell lines and only the intensity of staining and the number of positive cells in SkBr-3 population was higher than MDA-MB-453. According to our findings PSA can be considered as a good prognostic factor in breast cancer and we suggest that these two cell lines are a good in vitro model to study the relationship of different breast cancer prognostic factors and their regulations