Activation toll-like receptor7 [TLR7] responsiveness associated with mitogen- activated protein kinase [MAPK] activation in HIOEC cell line of oral squamous cell carcinoma

Statement of the Problem: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most common oral malignancy. Toll-like receptor [TLR] activation led to alterations in the levels of mRNA encoding the TLR accountable for recognizing the inducing agonist and cross-regulation of other TLR

Purpose: The purpose of this study is determination of mitogen-associated protein kinase [MAPK] activation in human immortalized oral epithelial cell [HIOEC] line via up regulating of TLR7

Materials and Method: expression of TLR7 was measured in HIOEC and normal cells by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction [qRT-PCR] and samples were calibrated by Beta-actin

Results: Western blot analysis discovered high expression of TLR7 and MAPK in HIOEC cell lines. TLR7 was over-expressed in HIOEC cell line. Imiquimod-induced expression of interleukin [IL]-6, IL-8, and vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] was inhibited by TLR7 siRNA in HIOEC cells as determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR]. Mean fluorescence intensity of nuclear p38 expression was determined in HIOEC cell lines [p< 0.05]. RT-PCR analysis of IL-6, IL-8, and VEGF mRNA expression in HIOEC cells stimulated with imiquimod [1 Mug/ml] for indicated time points

Conclusion: TLR7 is functionally over-expressed in HIOEC cell line of oral squamous cell carcinoma and development of resistance to cisplatin in human oral squamous cell carcinoma might occur through the mechanism involving activation of TLR7 and its dependent signaling pathway

Correlation of preoperative sinusitis patients' characteristics with final diagnostic findings

Chronic rhinosinusitis [CRS] is a common disease which is usually diagnosed clinically, considering the combination of natural history, physical examination and imaging studies. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of routine postoperative histopathologic examination [POHE] in patients with a clinical diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis with polyposis [CRSWP], or without polyposis [CRSWOP One hundred of patients with clinically approved CRSWP and CRSWOP were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent complete physical examination, scoring paranasal sinuses involvement by Lund-Mackay [LM] CT scoring scale, determining the extent of polyposis by Stumberger's endoscopic classification, and assessing health related quality of life by Sinonasal Test 22 [SNOT22] questionnaire. After FESS, histopathologic results were compared with preoperative clinical diagnosis. Among our patients, 65% were male, and the rest of them were female. Also, 66% of them suffered from CRSWP, and the rest of them were CRSWOP. LM CT score and SNOT22 score was 36.62 +/- 12, 17.11 +/- 6, and 43.62 +/- 20 respectively. Only in one of patients with CRSWP, POHE was other than what was expected preoperatively [adenoid cystic carcinoma]. In all other cases, POHE was well correlated with preoperative clinical diagnosis. HRQOL was better in males, absence of septal deviation and CRSWOP [P<0.05]. Para nasal sinuses involvement in preoperative CT was more severe in the presence of eosinophil in POHE [P=0.008] and in patients with class 3 Stumberger's classification [P<0.001]. This study suggested preoperative clinical diagnosis of CRS considering the combination of natural history, physical examination and imaging studies can be accurate, and POHE is indicated only in suspicious cases.

Augmentation rhinoplasty with combined use of medpor graft and irradiated homograft rib cartilage in saddle nose deformity

We used the irradiated homograft rib cartilage as an augmentation tip support and Medpore alloplast for reconstruction of the dorsum in patients with saddle nose deformities. Thereafter, the safety and efficiency of this method was evaluated to determine if this can be a safe and efficient technique for patients with saddle nose deformities. A total of 32 patients who suffered from saddle nose deformities due to past trauma or aggressive rhinoplasty underwent reconstruction using the Medpor prosthesis for dorsum reconstruction and irradiated rib cartilage as acolumellar strut during the same technique. After at least one year follow up, patients' satisfaction and their aesthetic indexes were evaluated and compared with preoperative results. More than 84% of patients were satisfied from the results of the surgery and only one patient had a complication of the infection which resulted in removal of the prosthesis. There were statistically significant differences between most of the pre- and postoperative aesthetic indexes. Despite the superiority of autogenous material in nose reconstruction, lack of such materials in revision rhinoplasty cases present challenges to surgeons. This study proposes the safety and efficiency of the Medpor alloplast for reconstruction of the dorsum and irradiated rib cartilage for the tip, at least for a short period of time

Does post septoplasty nasal packing reduce complications?

The main issues in nasal surgery are to stabilize the nose in the good position after surgery and preserve the cartilages and bones in the favorable situation and reduce the risk of deviation recurrence. Also it is necessary to avoid the synechia formation, nasal valve narrowing, hematoma and bleeding. Due to the above mentioned problems and in order to solve and minimize them nasal packing, nasal splint and nasal mold have been advised. Patients for whom the nasal packing used may faced to some problems like naso-pulmonary reflex, intractable pain, sleep disorder, post operation infection and very dangerous complication like toxic shock syndrome. We have two groups of patients and three surgeons [one of the surgeons used post operative nasal packing in his patients and the two others surgeons did not].Complications and morbidities were compared in these two groups. Comparing the two groups showed that the rate of complication and morbidities between these two groups were same and the differences were not valuable, except the pain and discomfort post operatively and at the time of its removal. Nasal packing has several risks for the patients while its effects are not studied. Septoplasty can be safely performed without postoperative nasal packing. Nasal packing had no main findings that compensated its usage. Septal suture is one of the procedures that can be used as alternative method to nasal packing. Therefore the nasal packing after septoplasty should be reserved for the patients with increased risk of bleeding

Epidemiologic and clinicopathologic characteristics of tongue cancer in Iranian patients

Oral cancer is considered a great threat to public health. Tongue cancer accounts for nearly 30% of all oral cancers and usually seen in 50 to 60 year old men. Oropharyngeal cancers account for 3% of all cancers in Iran; as reported in 2003. The present study was designed to assess the epidemiologic and Clinicopathologic characteristics of tongue cancer patients in two Tehran's referral university hospital between the years 2003 and 2008. In a retrospective study 87 files of patients, diagnosed with tongue cancer who were referred to Imam Khomeini and Loghman Hospitals and Iranian Cancer linstitute in Tehran-Iran from 2003 to 2008 were reviewed. Participants were selected from all the patients who had a record of their specimens in the pathology ward registry and their tongue cancer diagnosis was confirmed by a expert pathologist. Patients characteristics [age, gender and presence of risk factors] and chief complain at the time of diagnosis and their tumor related data [type of cancer, staging, grading, morphology and location of tumor] were recorded. Tongue cancer was most frequently seen in the eighth decade of life among both men and women, but had the lowest frequency among patients with less than 40 years of age. Squamous cell carcinoma had the highest prevalence in our patients. Tongue cancer was the most common cancer of oral cavity among Iranian patients and similar epidemiologic and chnicopathological characteristics of the disease were found in our patients. Assessing variables such as socioeconomic levels and religious believe require further studies with large sample sizes