RESUMEN
This study was designed to examine the effects of ethanolic leaf extracts of Nauclea latifolia and Emilia sonchifolia on anxiety, fear and locomotion in mice infected with plasmodium berghei berghei. Thirty male Swiss albino mice weighing between 26-30g divided into five groups with six mice in each group. Group 1 served as the Control group and was treated with 0.2ml of normal saline, Group 2 served as the parasitized non-treated, Group 3, was parasitized and treated with Coartem®, Group 4 was parasitized then treated with Emilia sonchifolia, Group 5 was parasitized and treated with Nauclea latifolia and Group 6 was parasitized and treated with a combination of Nauclea latifolia and Emilia sonchifolia respectively. The mice were passaged with the parasite intraperitoneally and then administered extract orally using an orogavage cannula for a duration of 5 days. Behavioural tests were performed pretreatment (day 6 after parasite passage) and posttreatment (day 11). The results obtained showed that grooming frequency and stretch attend frequency were significantly (p<0.001) lower in groups 3-5 compared with the Control group. The combined extract treatment in group 5 was significantly (p<0.001) reduced compared with the parasitized non treated group. Line crossing duration was significantly (p<0.001) lower in groups 2 and 4 but significantly higher in groups 3 and 5 compared with the control group. This preliminary study consolidates the view of herbal practitioners that the extract is effective in reducing anxiety and fear and enhances increases locomotion in plasmodium berghei infected mice.
RESUMEN
The aim was to study the effect of preconception gamma irradiation on the gross morphometry of the adult female mice and its embryo. Twenty-seven mice; 18 females and 9 males: subdivided into 3 groups namely (Control, Non-Irradiation and Radiation) containing 6 females and 3 male mice each in 2:1 ratio. A gamma irradiation dose of 1Gy/min was delivered to each batch of mice exposed by a Cobalt 60, Theratron 780c model, by Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL) at the Radiotherapy department of the University College Hospital, Ibadan. All the animals were mated 1 week post irradiation. Vaginal plugs were confirmed, and the pregnant females were sacrificed on day 14 of gestation by chloroform inhalation. The gross morphology of the female mice and their harvested litters were assessed and statistically analysed. A total of 113 embryos were harvested in all groups; 54 for Control, 50 for Non-Irradiated and 9 for the irradiation group. The gross morphologic assessments of the fetuses were statistically significant at P value < 0.05 for all the 3 groups compared. These findings suggest that a preconception irradiation affects the morphology of the female mice and its progeny.
El objetivo fue estudiar el efecto de la irradiación gamma antes de la concepción sobre la morfometría macroscópica de ratones hembra adultos y los embriones de sus crías. Veinte y siete ratones, 18 hembras y 9 machos, divididos en 3 grupos (control, sin irradiación e irradiado) con 6 hembras y 3 machos cada uno en proporción 2:1. Una dosis de radiación gamma de 1 Gy/min fue aplicada a uno de los ratones expuestos por un equipo Cobalt 60, Theratron modelo 780c, Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL) en el departamento de radioterapia del Hospital University College de Ibadan. Todos los animales se aparearon 1 semana después de la irradiación. Se confirmaron los tapones vaginales, y las hembras preñadas fueron sacrificadas en el día 14 de la gestación por inhalación de cloroformo. La morfología general de los ratones hembras y sus camadas fueron evaluadas y analizadas estadísticamente. Un total de 113 embriones se recolectaron en todos los grupos, 54 del grupo control, 50 del grupo no irradiados y 9 del grupo irradiado. Las evaluaciones morfológicas macroscópicas de los fetos fueron estadísticamente significativas (p<0,05) para los 3 grupos de comparación. Estos hallazgos sugieren que una irradiación previa a la concepción afecta a la morfología de los ratones hembra y su progenie.