[Self-care programs in diabetic patients: quality of methodological report in randomized controlled trials published in Iranian journals between 2010-2016]

Introduction: Considering the high prevalence of diabetes is world wides, self-care programs in diabetic patients are important. There are many studies about self-care programs and assess the outcome of these programs. But the quality of methodology and reporting of these investigations in Iran for use in evidence-based practice has not been extensively studied. This study aimed to determine the quality of the methodological reports of randomized controlled trials on self-care programs in diabetic patients, published in Iranian journals

Materials and Methods: In this Secondary study randomized controlled trial articles in Persian and English-language related to diabetes and self-care education, published at local journals magazines in Magiran, SID, Iranmedex, Irandoc databases and Google Scholar and Scopus from 2010 up to June 2016 were searched and assessed using the Jadad scale

Results: Results showed 29 articles based on Jadad 5 and 13 points had average scores of 2 +/- 0.92 and 8.65 +/- 1.11 respectively. Randomized allocation in 89.65 % of the studies was noted. Only 3 cases [6.89 %] of the studies were blinded and 13 studies [44.82 %] were reported withdrawal and its causes

Conclusion: Results of this study showed poor quality of methodological reporting, i.e. [average score below 9]. Weaknesses observed in the reporting of trials, required more accurate guidelines and clinical trial assessment tools for authors and scientific journals reviewers

[Survey of comparing discharge time nursing education with the education standards of diabetes type 2 patients in hospitals affiliated in Yazd University of medical sciences in 2015]

Introduction: Diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder in Iran. Due to the nature of the disease, the patient's cooperation in self care is very important. One of the most effective and affordable ways to empower patients is education, which, to be beneficial, must be provided in accordance with related standards. The current study was conducted to investigate accordance of time of discharge diabetic patients with the standards of education for diabetics Type 2 in hospitals, affiliated in Yazd University of Medical Sciences

Materials and Methods: At discharge, data on patient education provided by nurses to 385 diabetic patients, was documented using the "nursing diabetic patient education-discharge time check list" and were analyzed using descriptive statistics and SPSS 20

Results: Conformity rate of discharge nursing education in patients with Diabetes Type 2 with standards was 14.5%, which indicated a low quality of education. Conformity rate in the dimensions of "insulin therapy" was 34.7%, in "foot care education" was 6.75%, in "diet programs" was 1.8%, in "physical activity" was 0.1%, in "prevention of infection" was 1.8%, and in "oral antihyperglycaemics drugs" was 13.3%

Conclusion: Based on the poor compliance with the standards of education for diabetics Type 2 patients, application of nursing clinical guidelines during discharge for type 2 diabetic patients and clinical supervision by nursing managers for optimizing quality of care is recommended

[Action research: a way to improving quality nursing practice]

Improving the quality of health care is an important priority. However, research has shown that methods of altering clinician's behavior or implementing organizational change are often ineffective. Action research has been used successfully to facilitate change and improve service provision in industry, education and more recently in health care. In this paper action research methodology and why it could be successful in promoting change and quality of nursing services are outlined. Recently published studies using action research demonstrate that action research improves clinical care, teamwork, communication and administration. It also encourages practice teams to audit their work and identify their educational needs. Action research should be a useful means of improving quality in health care and could be used more widely. Action research could be a useful method of transforming theory to practice

[Comparing methods of lecturing, problem solving and self-learning via internet to learn proper interpretation of electrocardiogram among nursing student]

Considering present inadequacies of educational system in preparing students professionally as well as the medical team's need for novel and holistic knowledge, the educational methods should be applied which can promote independency, self-directing, reasoning and judgment of the students. The study compared the teacher oriented and learner oriented educational methods. A semi-experimental study was conducted to compare the three groups, after and before the intervention. 41 nursing students in their forth semester were recruited in the study. Pre-test and post-test was taken before and after the intervention in all three groups to. assess the effects of applied methods on learning. The results revealed a significant difference in mean scores of post-test among the three groups by means of one-way analysis of variance [f=12.695, df=2.38, [P<0.001]. All thee methods were effective. Tukey test showed a difference between the self-learning via internet group with the others, but no difference between the other two. The kruskal-wallis test showed a significant difference between students' level of learning and learning methods [df =2, chi-square=16.615, P<0.001]. The study showed the effectiveness of all three methods but the effect of self-learning via internet was lower than others. The study recommends future research studies with bigger sample size, also on other course subjects due to its small sample size

[Frequency of gestational diabetes and its related factors in pregnant women in prenatal clinics of educational hospitals, in Tehran [Oct 2000-March 2002]]

Gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM] is a metabolic disorder of carbohydrates which is first diagnosed during pregnancy. It could remain undetected without screening tests therefore, lead to severe effects on both mother and fetus. The aim of this study was to estimate the frequncy of GDM and some of its related factors in pregnant women who referred to the obstetrical clinics of educational Hospitals in Tehran from October 2000 to March 2002. In this cross- sectional study [during 18 months from Oct 2000 to March 2002] 2221 pregnant women were evaluated regarding medical history, risk factors for GDM, and physical examination. Fasting blood sugar [FBS] oral glucose challenge test [OGCT] and taking 50gr glucose were performed. The cut off point of screening tests was 130mg/dl glucose. All cases with positive screening tests underwent for three hours, OGTT with 100gr glucose. The frequency of GDM in our study was 4.8% [CI 95%, 3.9-5.7%] according to the Carpenter Coustan criteria. The mean age of GDM group [27.44 +/- 5.85 years] was significantly higher than non GDM group [25.95 +/- 5.5 years]. The mass index [BMI] were significantly higher in the GDM group, compared to the non GDM group [p<0.05]. The three risk factors of age >/= 25 years [p<0.01], history of familial diabetes [X[2]=27.125] and BMI >/= 27Kg/m[2] were correlated with GDM [p<0.05]. According to the results of this study, it seems that the frequency of GDM is relatively high and screening of all pregnant women for GDM, regardless of the risk factors for GDM or clinical manifestations of diabetes, is necessary

[Relationship between chemotherapy regimen and fatigue severity in patients with breast cancer at Shohada and Imam Hossein hospitals affiliated to Shaheed Beheshti university of medical sciences, 2003]

Background: Fatigue is one of the most common side effects of chemotherapy with a prevalence of 90% in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemeherapy. Althogh some reasons are suggested for it, the relationship between chemotherapy regimen and fatigue severity has not yet been thoroughly examined

Purpose: This correlational descriptive study was conducted to determine the relationship between chemotherapy regimen and fatigue severity in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy in Shohada and Imam Hossein Hospitals, affiliated to Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences

Method: Subjects included patients in stages I, II, and III of breast cancer with mean age of 42.3 +/- 9.19. Data were collected by a 3-part questionnaire [1.demographic characteristics; 2. disease and treatment characteristics and 3. fatigue rating scale]. Fatigue was measured by the fatigue scale over 3 times [before chemotherapy, and 48 hrs. after the first and second chemotherapy courses]. Data wer analyzed by SPSS software

Findings: Results indicated that the mean difference of fatigue was not significant before chemotherapy in two regimens [AC and CAF], but the mean difference of fatigue 48hrs, after the first and scecond chemothorapy courses was significant in the two regimens [AC: 28.77 +/- 1.1777 and CAF: 22.4 +/- 1.2]. In fact, fatigue severity in AC regimen is more than CAF regimen. In addition, there was a significant relationship between fatigue and menopause as well as BMI categories

Conclusion fatigue assessment is an important aspect in cancer nursing. Based on these findings, there was a relationship between fatigue severity and chemotherapy regimen. Therefore, nurses have to assess these patients completely to recognize potential factors in relation to fatigue and, finally, provide necessary nursing care