Research and developing countries: hopes and hypes

The paper outlines the universal problem of ensuring ethical practices in human subject research, and focuses on specific difficulties faced in the developing world with particular reference to Pakistan. It discusses the influence of traditional and hierarchical social norms of physician-patient relationships in heightening these problems. Two emerging issues of specific concern in Pakistan are described: an exponential rise in multinational clinical drug trials, and commercial ventures offering unproven stem cell "therapy" for all kinds of diseases. The importance of introducing ethical practices in research within the context of local cultural and socioeconomic realities is highlighted

Effect of monosodium glutamate [chinese salt] on serum electrolytes in rabbits

Rabbits were intraperitoneally injected various doses [0, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg body weight] of Monosodium glutamate [MSC] in a 50% solution of deionised water. Blood was drawn an hour after the injection to analyse serum elecyrolytes viz. Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium and Chloride. It was indicated that MSG in all doses causes an increase in the level of serum sodium, calcium and magnesium while serum potassium and chloride levels decreased. Therefore, it is concluded that our study is consistent with prior research done upon dose - specific MSG neurotoxicity, hyperosmolarity and blood - brain - barrier dysfunction in laboratory animals. The ingestion of MSG may affect the serum electrolyte balance and influence the interpretation of clinical data of the subjects

Congenital obstruction of the ureterovesical junction

An unusual case of unilateral congenital ureterovesical junction obstruction leading to recurrent urinary tract infection and renal parenchymal damage is reported. Following radiological diagnosis, the five years old patients underwent a distal right ureterectomy and a ureteronecystostomy. The patient is asymptomatic and off all medications 8 months following surgery