RESUMEN
Malnutrition is a clinical disorder and a usual risk factor in older people, that was considered as a natural part of geriatrics process in the past, but nowadays it is found that malnutrition is detectable, preventable and treatable and its early diagnosis can lead us to on time intervention. Thus, older people's nutritional status and detecting its causes can help caregivers to plan and implement appropriate interventions. The aim of this study is nutritional status assessment in the retired senile by some demographic characters in two parts: screening and complementary. This study is a descriptive-cross sectional one on 194 senile retired from governmental organizations who were assessed by simple sampling. In this study, we use a questionnaire consisting of two parts: one part for demographic data and the other called MNA [Minimal Nutrition Assessment] that has 18 items and two parts: screening and complementary parts. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 using statistical tests including Krauskal Wallis, Man Whitney and Spierman. Findings showed that 87.1 percent of the participants had normal nutrition and 12.9 percent of them had probable malnutrition and 4 percent were with malnutrition. Among the demographic factors [age, sex, marital status, educational status, income and co morbidity], nutrition was found to be related to sex [0/002] and income [p<0.013] significantly. Thus, the normal nutritional status was high in female older people and in senile with higher income. Considering the high probability of malnutrition demonstrated in this study, it is necessary for the clinicians and authorities to receive related education and become aware of this issue and respective consequences. Also, it is necessary to implement plans and programs to relieve poverty as a main risk factor in malnutrition
RESUMEN
Introduction: Psychologists and Sociologists believe that happiness affects the psychological, social, educational and cultural dimensions of all individuals. So to pay attention to this issue as an indicator of students' mental health is very important. Therefore, assessment of nursing students' happiness is very important because they are encountered to multiple stresses and tensions. The aim of this study was to investigate the happiness status of Abhar's nursing students and also its correlation with sex, age, marriage, educational course, and the number of family members
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted between 2007-2008 in Abhar School of nursing. In this study the Iranian version of Oxford Happiness Inventory was used to measure the students' happiness status. After providing written informed consent questionnaires were distributed among 75 samples and finally 64 students [17=male, 47=female] were measured. Then, the collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and appropriate tests like independent-t and one-way ANOVA, by SPSS software version 11.5
Results: Data analysis showed that 17.5% of students had low level of happiness, 69.8% reasonable level and 12.7% were very happy. There was no significant association between the level of happiness and gender [P=0.7], marital status [P=0.4] and age [P=0.2]. But, there was significant relationship between happiness and educational terms [P=0.01]
Conclusion: Based on this study only 12.7% of students were very happy and two groups of junior and senior students were less cheerful. So, it is necessary to consider appropriate plans and interventions to improve and retain the happiness of nursing students in the acceptable levels and thus improve their mental health
RESUMEN
Today, quality of life measurement is important in health care systems especially for patients with chronic diseases. Heart failure has several complications that affect patients' lives. The aim of this study was to investigate the quality of life and its dimensions in patients with heart failure. It is a cross-sectional study. Two hundred and fifty patients with heart failure referred to Tehran medical centers were selected using convenience random sampling method. Data were collected using [Ferrans and Powers quality of life Index]. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, and Pearson correlation coefficients. The study findings showed that 76/4% of the participants possessed undesirable and less desirable levels of quality of life. There was significant statistical relationship between quality of life with age, gender, education, marriage status, ejection fraction, length of heart disease, co-morbidity, and readmission. Cardiac heart failure has negative effects on quality of life. So, it seems that if assessing the QOL of these patients becomes one of the nurses' duties, it will promote the major caring goals