Antimalarial activity of the aqueous extract of Euphorbia cordifolia Elliot in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice

Objective: To evaluate the antimalarial activity of the aqueous extract of Euphorbia (E.) cordifolia Elliot against Plasmodium (P.) berghei-infected mice. Methods: Thirty healthy Swiss mice were intraperitoneally inoculated with 200 μL of P. berghei parasitized-erythrocytes and divided into five groups, and then daily treated for 5 d with single dose of 10 mL/kg of distilled water for malaria control, 10 mg/kg of chloroquine for the chloroquine control and 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of the aqueous extract of E. cordifolia for the three test groups. Parasitaemia was monitored by Giemsa-staining. At the end of the treatment, animals were sacrificed, and blood was collected for haematological and biochemical analyses. Organs were collected for biochemical and histopathological analyses. Statistical significance (P<0.05) was evaluated by analysis of variance followed by the Tukey post-test using Graphpad prism 7.0. Results: E. cordifolia extract decreased the parasite load to 2.46%, with an effective dose (ED

Chemical Constituents of Dissotis perkinsiae (Melastomaceae) and Their Antimicrobial Activity.

The phytochemical study of the Methanol/dichloromethane extract of the leaves of Dissotis perkinsiae led to the isolation and identification seven compounds: Ursolic acid (1); Sitosterol-β-D-glucoside (2); Isoquercitrin (3); Quercetin-3-O-β-galactoside (4);Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (5); Kaempferol-7-O-β-D-glucoside (6); Trans-Tiliroside (7). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and by comparison of their spectral data with those reported in the literature. The results of antimicrobial activity indicated that the MIC vary from >0.5 to 0.00078 mg/mL on yeasts and from >0.5 to 0.25 mg/mL on bacteria. Sitosterol-β-D-glucoside was the most active with the broad spectrum (MIC=0.125mg/mL on C. albicans, MIC=0.0625 mg/mL on C. kruseiand MIC=0.0078 mg/mL on C. parapsilosis). Kaempferol-7-O-β-D-glucoside was the most active on C. krusei (MIC=0.0039 mg/mL). The anti yeat activity of Sitosterol-β-D-glucoside and Kaempferol-7-O-β-D-glucoside were better thanfluconazole (0.032mg/mL) on C. parapsilosis (MIC 0.0078 mg/mL) and C. krusei (0.0039 mg/mL) respectively. Sitosterol-β-D-glucoside and Trans-Tiliroside showed weak inhibitotry activity against S. enteric and S. aureus with MIC value of 0.5mg/mL. Respectively this inhibitory effect was lower activities observed with Chloremphenicol and Ampicillin (0.000488 mg/mL). The results of this study suggest that Dissotis perkinsiae represent an untapped source of compounds with potential antimicrobial activity that could be explored in the development of new therapeutic natural products.