[Knowledge, attitude and practice of the mothers with anemia of children under five years old in the peadiatric department at Sylvanus Olympio teaching hospital in Lomé]

Background: Anemia remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality of children in Togo despite of prevention effort, due to the parents lack of implication

Aim :To determine the knowledges, attitudes and practices of mothers, with anemia of children under five years old

Methods: Knowledge Attitudes and Practice survey from the first of February to 31 of March 2012, about an interview of a hundred mothers with children under 5, randomly selected in the consultation, vaccination waiting rooms and in the hospitalisation

Results: Forty mothers had never heard about anemia. Health personnel was the main source of mother's information [29%], mass media represented 8% of mothers information source [radio 5%; television 3%]. The decreased of blood in the body is the most given definition from the mothers [44%]. Malaria [24%] and malnutrition [19%] were the main causes cited by mothers. Iron deficiency has been mentioned by 3% of the mothers. Palmar - plantar pallor [32%] was the clinical signe the best known by the mothers. Most of the mothers [90%] had never assist to an information education and communication message about anemia prevention. When their children had anemia, 25 mothers [65,8%] took their children to the health center, five mothers [13,2%] had given tomatoes. The use of iron in prophylactic treatment was known by 43% of the mothers. The blend tomatoes and milk was the prophylactic treatment mentioned by 3% of the mothers. Most of the mothers [77%] would advice a mother with a children suffering from anemia to take him to the hospital. The knowledge of anemia by the mothers was correlated to then level of instruction. But the knowledge of prevention did not depend on the instruction level

Conclusion: anemia is not well known by the mothers of under five children. It's causes, it's treatment are not well known. Mass media are not very implicated on the subject. The reduction of it's frequency goes by information education and communication activities

[Knowledge, attitudes and practices of Sayada high school pupils towards the smoking]

Background: tobacco Is the first cause of preventable death, the prevalence of it'sconsumption in adolescents varies between 10 and 30%. Initiation is the cause of psychological then physical dependence

Aim: study the prevalence of smoking among high school students, assess their knowledge on the subject of smoking addiction and attitudes and practice towards tobacco

Method: This is a descriptive study, transversal, using a self-administered anonymous questionnaire during 2013

Results: The response rate was 70 % [n = 505]. The average age was 16.7 years, girls accounted 40.4 % of the study population. The prevalence of smoking was 15.2%, it was 26 % for boys and 8% for girls. The nicotine dependence was present in 35% of smokers and 53.2% of them reported having previously attempted to quit at least once. More than half of respondents [58.8%] were unaware of the effect of nicotine, 43.3 % of students did not know the origins of addiction and 11.7% of smokers reported smoking in the school. All smokers, had not reported any obstacle to the purchase of cigarettes. The exhibition of smoke in public places was described by 66.5 % of students

Conclusion: The results of this study support the need to develop a complete program that integrates education for students but also for teachers which affects ample smoking behavior of students