RESUMEN
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important pathogen isolated from various clinical samples. It continues to cause complication in nosocomial infections
Objective: To determine the prevalence and antibiotics resistance pattern of P.aeruginosa isolated from a clinical samples at a tertiary care hospital
Methodology: This was a cross sectional study. A total of hundred clinical samples comprising urine, pus, blood and wound swabs were collected from ICU and burn unit, surgical ward, medical ward and OPD of Sheikh Zayed Medical College/Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan. These samples were cultured on MacConkey and Blood agar. Urine was cultured on CLED agar. Plates were aerobically incubated at 35-37 [degree sign]C. Positive cultures were identified by culture characteristics and biochemical reactions. Antimicrobial resistance of all isolated bacteria was done by the disk diffusion testing. Pure culture was obtained then inoculated on Nutrient agar plate using disks of amoxicillin: clavulanic acid, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, imipenem, piperacillin tazobactam and gentacin. After 24 hrs incubation plates were examined to read the inhibition zones
Results: From these samples Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from urine [17%], pus [26%], blood [9%] and wound swab [48%]. Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed resistance against Piperacillin Tazobactam [99%], Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid 91%, Tigecycline 89%, Amikacin 83% and Ceftazidime 79%
Conclusion: Our Study showed that P. Aeruginosa, is the common microorganisms isolated resistance pattern is against common antibiotics. To cope with antimicrobial resistance against critically ill patients with pseudomonas infections it is necessary to follow firm antibiotic policies and SOPs while implementation of surveillance programmes for MDR bacteria and infection control and prevention procedures are needed
RESUMEN
Infections due Hepatitis B and C with co-infection tuberculosis are important health issues all over the world. In TB patients, viral hepatitis infection increases risk of drug related hepatotoxicity up to three to five times more than TB patients which do not have viral infection. The study was designed to determine the frequency of Hepatitis B and C among the tuberculous patients admitted at Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan. This is descriptive and cross sectional study which was conducted at Sheikh Zayed Hospital Rahim Yar Khan from September 2011 to April 2012.Blood samples were collected from TB patients aseptically from Pulmonology Department Sheikh Zayed Hospital Rahim Yar Khan. HBsAg and anti HCV antibodies were detected using ICT and ELISA techniques according to SOP of the kit manual. Among the 110 TB positive patients,5.5% were positive for HBsAg and 9.1% were positive for anti HCV antibodies using ELISA technique. Whereas, 5.5% HBsAg and 10% anti HCV antibodies were positive using ICT. The transmission of HBV and HCV was expected to have occurred were mostly found in barber shop and during ear nose piercing [30%], blood transfusion [20%], visit to quack [10%] as indicated from the history. Detection rate of HCV using ELISA is greater than ICT method. Male to female ratio 1:1 and age mean was 42 with standard deviation 18.2. We found a relatively increased frequency of HBV and HCV among TB patient. Therefore TB patients should also be screened for HBV and HCV for better management of the conditions