RESUMEN
The infertility is an important health problem, affecting about 15% of couples. The important role of genetic factors in pathogenesis of infertility is now increasingly recognized. The value of karyotyping women in the routine work-out of couples referred for sterility has long been recommended. The aim of this study was to define the frequency of all chromosomal aberrations among women which referred to our department due to infertility during the 21-year period. In this 21-year retrospective study, for the first time, we investigated 896 women which referred to our department due to infertility during 1986 to 2006. For chromosome analysis, heparinized peripheral blood samples were cultured, harvested and banded according to standard methods. Out of 896 patients, 710 patients [79.24%] had a normal karyotype, and 186 patients [20.76%] showed abnormal karyotype. Among the abnormal ones 48 patients [25.81%] showed Turner's syndrome [45,X], and 45 patients [24.19%] were sex reversal with 46,XY karyotype. The rest of 93 patients [50%] revealed a wide range of chromosome abnormalities. Our results emphasized the importance of the standard cytogenetic methods in assessing the genetic characteristics of infertile females, which allows detecting a variety of somatic chromosome abnormalities, because some of these may interfere with the success of reproduction