RESUMEN
Los pacientes que cursan tromboembolismo, dependiendo de su severidad, pueden recibir variados tratamientos no exentos de efectos adversos. Existe, por lo tanto, la necesidad de estratificar riesgo -magnitud- mortalidad con criterios que le permitan al clínico tomar las mejores decisiones. En este artículo se pretende establecer un sistema de aproximación al tromboembolismo pulmonar de acuerdo a la información hasta ahora disponible.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Femenino , Ecocardiografía , Embolia Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Péptido Natriurético Encefálico , Troponina C , Troponina I , Troponina T , Fibrinolíticos/uso terapéutico , Electrocardiografía , Embolia Pulmonar/fisiopatología , Embolia Pulmonar/mortalidad , Heparina/uso terapéutico , Biomarcadores , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysms has increased. Its predisposing factors are smoking, high blood pressure and dislipidemia. Progressive aneurysmal enlargement may lead to its rupture, which is associated to a mortality rate above 80 per cent. AIM: To assess the prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysms in Chilean subjects with cardiovascular risk factors. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Through announcements in open media we invited individuals aged over 60 years, who smoked, had hypertension and/or had occlusive arterial disease, to participate in a study that included medical history and physical examination. An aortic ultrasound was performed in all subjects in whom the aorta was not palpable or there was a suspicion of dilatation. Aortic diameter over 3 cm was considered aneurysmal. RESULTS: Three hundred fifty six subjects aged 67.1 +/- 6.7 years, (73.9 per cent males), were evaluated. The study group included 62 per cent hypertensives, 39 per cent with abnormal lipids and 46 per cent smokers. Known coronary heart disease or peripheral arterial diseases were present in 14 per cent and 10 per cent, respectively. Ultrasound was required in 159 subjects. Aneurysms were detected in 21 persons (5.9 per cent), 7.6 per cent in males and 1.1 per cent in females. The mean transverse diameter of the aneurysm was 4.1 cm (3-7.5). Aneurysm was found in 2.3 per cent of subjects younger than 65 years and 8.3 per cent of subjects aged over 65 years. CONCLUSIONS: In this sample the prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysms was 5.9 per cent, affecting predominantly males, with a notorious increase with advanced age.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/epidemiología , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal , Aorta Abdominal , Chile/epidemiología , Distribución por Edad , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Factores de Edad , Factores Sexuales , Factores de Riesgo , PrevalenciaRESUMEN
Se presentan 9 pacientes con litiasis de ureter alto que se someten a extracción percutánea de sus cálculos. El tipo de extración fué mecánica usando el nefroscopio de Wickham-Miller. Se tuvo éxito en el 66% de los casos, con tres complicaciones menores que se manejaron conservadoramente
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Cálculos Ureterales/terapiaRESUMEN
1.-Se propone la angiografía de sustracción digital como un método poco invasivo y que permite controlar la vascularización del riñón transplantado. 2.- Se encuentra estenosis de arteria renal en 4 (2 normotensos, 2 hipertensos) de 10 pacientes estudiados (5 normotensos y 5 hipertensos)