Anti-osteoporosis mechanism of Panax quiquefolium L. based on zebrafish model and metabonomics / 药学学报

In this study, we investigated the anti-osteoporotic activity and mechanism of action of extract of Panax quiquefolium L. based on zebrafish model combined with metabolomics technology. A zebrafish model of prednisolone-induced osteoporosis was used to compare the anti-osteoporotic activity of Panax quiquefolium L., and the expression of osteoblast-associated genes and osteoclast-associated genes in zebrafish was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), using bone fluorescence area and fluorescence density as evaluation indexes. Metabolomics based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) was used to explore the change patterns of biomarkers and the metabolic pathways affected. The results showed that the 50% ethanol extracts of Panax quiquefolium L. from Jilin, Canada, Wenden and the United States can significantly improve the bone fluorescence area of zebrafish compared with model group. Furthermore, four sources 50% ethanol extracts of Panax quiquefolium L. except United States also can significantly improve the bone fluorescence density of zebrafish. In addition, PCR showed that extract of Panax quiquefolium L. can significantly up-regulated the expression of vitamin D receptor b (vdrb), collagen type I α2 (col1a2) and cysteine-rich acidic secreted protein (sparc) genes, and down-regulated the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (mmp9), anti-tartrase acid phosphatase (trap) and cathepsin K (ctsk) genes. Metabolomic analysis identified 24 key differential metabolites. Furthermore, pathway analysis showed that Panax quiquefolium L. could regulate the levels of 10 key biomarkers by participating in purine metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle and pentose phosphate metabolism and improve the osteoporosis status of zebrafish. This study preliminically revealed the anti-osteoporosis mechanism of 50% ethanol extract from Panax quiquefolium L. through multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway and also provides theoretical basis for clinical development and utilization of anti-osteoporosis products of Panax quiquefolium L. This experiment was approved by the Experimental Animal Welfare Ethics Committee of the Institute of Biology, Shandong Academy of Sciences (approval number: SWS20181002).

Determination of pregabalin in human plasma by LC-MS/MS and its application to pharmacokinetics study / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To establish an LC-MS/MS method for the determination of pregabalin, which was used subsequently to investigate the pharmacokinetics of pregabalin in healthy Chinese volunteers. METHODS: Gabapentin was used as internal standard. The separation was achieved on a Waters Symmetry C18 column (3.9 mm×150 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile -5 mmoL·L-1 ammonium acetate and 0.3% formic acid aqueous solution (8/92, V/V) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1 within 6.0 min. Pregabalin and the internal standard were measured by a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer in positive electron atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization (APCI) mode using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). The extracted ions monitored following MRM transitions were m/z 160.1→142.1 for pregabalin and m/z 172.1→154.1 for the internal standard gabapentin. Plasma samples were pretreated by methanol precipitation. RESULTS: The calibration curve of pregabalin in human plasma was linear over the concentration range of (30-5 000) ng·mL-1. The lower limit of quantitation was 30 ng·mL-1. The intra- and inter-run precisions at three quality control levels were within 2.0%-6.2%, the relative deviation of the assay was within -10.5%-3.0%. The plasma samples were stable at room temperature (25℃) for 6 h, at -30℃ for 27 d and during three freeze-thaw cycles. The determination and the result of incurred sample reanalysis met the requirements. CONCLUSION: The method is proved to be convenient, accurate and sensitive. The method is proved to be suitable for the pharmacokinetics of pregabalin in healthy Chinese volunteers after a single oral dose of 75 mg pregabalin capsule.

An evaluation study on the level of regional public health development in Zhejiang Province / 预防医学

Objective To evaluate the level of regional public health development in Zhejiang Province,and to learn the development problems in order to provide suggestions for developing public health strategies.Methods The index system established for evaluation included 30 indexes of public health in 4 aspects,namely the health level of residents,the allocation of public health resource,the level of public health service and public health security.Based on the data in 2010,the comprehensive development index was calculated to evaluate the level and speed of public health development. Results The comprehensive development index of Zhejiang Province was 127. 31 in 2012,which was 9. 97 higher than thatof2011.Thespeedofdevelopmentwas108.50%,andthelevelofpublichealthdevelopmentinZhejiangProvincehas increased continuously.Among 1 1 cities,the highest and lowest comprehensive development index of public health development was 146. 35 and 101. 55 respectively.The fastest and slowest speed of development was 122. 76% and 104. 95% respectively.Conclusion The public health in Zhejiang Province kept the good momentum of development,but the unbalanced development still existed among different regions.

Recent advances in the preparation progress of protein/peptide drug loaded PLA/PLGA microspheres / 药学学报

Sustained release drug delivery from microparticles is an excellent alternative for daily protein/peptide drug administration protocol. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) are the most commonly used polymer carriers in the development of protein/peptide microspheres. Basically there are three preparation methods for PLA/PLGA microspheres: the solvent extraction/evaporation based multiple emulsion (W/O/W emulsion) method, the phase separation method and the spray drying method. The stability of the protein/pipetide loaded, encapsulation efficiency, and the burst effect of the microspheres are key problems usually met in the preparation of microspheres. In this review the preparation techniques and progress in the development of protein/pipetide microspheres which aimed to stabilize protein/peptide structural integrity, keep the bioactivity of drugs, increase the encapsulation efficiency and improve the release profile were summarized and evaluated.

Clinical observation on acupuncture combined with medication for intractable angina pectoris / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare clinical effects of acupuncture combined with medication and simple medication on intractable angina pectoris (IAP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy cases of IAP were randomly divided into two groups, a control group and a treatment group, 35 cases in each group. The control group were treated with nitric acid ester, beta-receptor blocking agent, calcium antagonist, aspirin and hypo-molecular heparin, and the treatment group were treated with acupuncture at Danzhong (CV 17) and Neiguan (PC 6) and others, once daily for 10 consecutive days on the basis of the above treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rates for symptoms and electrocardiogram were 88.6% and 62.9% in the treatment group and 60.0% and 31.4% in the control group, respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups; the incidence of acute heart attack and sudden death of 5.7% in the treatment group was lower than 20.0% in the control group, with no serious adverse effect.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture combined with medication is safe and effective for intractable angina pectoris and it can improve short-term prognosis.</p>