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Objective To investigate the epidemic factors of human brucellosis in Qiqihar from 2008 to 2014 so as to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of the disease.Methods Descriptive epidemiologic method was used to analyze the monitoring results of human brucellosis in Qiqihar between 2008 and 2014.Indexes observed were:the incidence rate,the distribution of gender,age,occupation,area and time.Results From 2008 to 2014,there were a total of 15 003 cases of brucellosis covering all counties.The average incidence rate was 38.85/100 000.The average incidence rate of Meilisi Daur District was the highest,178.93/100 000.Cases occurred year around and peaked in March-July.The average incidence rate of male and female brucellosis was 57.53/100 000 and 19.35/100 000,respectively,and male patients were more than female (x2 =3 658.973,P ＜ 0.05).Most patients were in the 41-50 years old age group,and the number of patients was 4 386.The major occupation was farmer (herdsmen),which acount for 93.96％ (14 097/15 003).Conclusions Qiqihar is the epidemic area of brucellosis and has a higher incidence.Governments should pay nore attention to the epidemic of brucellosis.Health education and intervention measure for high-risk population should be strengthened and the professional team should be reinforced so as to reduce the incidence of brucellosis.
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Objective To enhance the level and ability of measuring pesticide residues in raw milk and find out the primary factors of affecting measurement uncertainty.Methods The mathematic model of measurement was established in order to evaluate measurement uncertainty of organophosphorus pesticide residues in raw milk with gas chromatography.Results The standard measurement uncertainty of organophosphorus pesticide residues in raw milk made up of weighing,sampling and diluting procedures,standard matter,sample volume,instrument calibration.The calculating formula of expanded measurement uncertainty was U=k?CX?urel(tptal).The expression of measurement result was C=CX?U.Volume of 6 kinds of organophosphorus pesticides residues were 0.4?0.050,0.4?0.029,0.4?0.027,0.4?0.029,0.4?0.057,0.4?0.034(mg/kg) respectively in raw milk which the standard matter of pesticide was added in.Conclusion From the evaluation of measurement uncertainty of pesticide residues in raw milk with gas chromatography,we can see that the measurement uncertainty is composed of many factors,which commonly comes from random variable and fuzzification,and can be assessed by statistic distribution and standard deviation.