Visión del profesorado de educación física hacia su asignatura en Chile / Physical education teacher's vision towards its subject in Chile

RESUMENEN: El propósito de este estudio es determinar cómo los profesores de Educación Física perciben su asignatura, en cuánto a los factores que afectan la calidad de la clase, las condiciones del establecimiento educacional, y el apoyo que se recibe de la autoridad educativa, según sexo y establecimiento educacional en donde los docentes se desempeñan. Se encuestó a 93 profesores de Educación Física, de 6 Regiones de Chile, pertenecientes a establecimientos Municipales, Particulares Subvencionados y Particulares Privados. Los resultados más significativos revelan que el profesorado de Educación Física considera que el factor predominante sobre la calidad de la clase tiene relación con la falta de motivación por parte de los estudiantes, y el que menos afecta es el poco conocimiento de algunas áreas por parte de los docentes. Profesores y Profesoras consideran que sus establecimientos cuentan con las condiciones para desarrollar una buena clase y también tienen el apoyo de las autoridades educativas. Como conclusión, se logró identificar que no existen grandes diferencias en cuanto a la visión del profesor de Educación Física en Chile según sexo, sin embargo, se detectaron mayores diferencias según tipo de establecimiento donde los docentes se desempeñan.

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to determine how Physical Education teahers perceive their subject, in terms of the factors that affects the quality of the class, the conditions of educational establishment, and the support received from the educational authority, according to the sex and the educational establishment where teachers work. 93 Physical Education teachers from 6 different regions of Chile, belonging to Municipal establishments, particular subsidized and private individuals, were surveyed. The most significant results reveal that physical education teachers believe that the factor that most affects the quality of the class, is related to the lack of motivation from the students, and the factor which least affects is the little knowledge about some areas on the part of teachers. Teachers consider that their establishments have the conditions to develop a good lesson and also have the support from educational authorities. As conclusion, it was possible to identify that does not exist great differences in terms of the vision of Physical education teacher in Chile according to the sex, however, huge differences were detected according to the type of establishments where the teachers work

Productos finales de glicación avanzada (AGEs) y su importancia en enfermedades crónicas relacionadas con la nutrición / Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and its importance in chronic diseases related to nutrition

Maillard reaction occurs when reducing sugars react in a non-enzymatic way with amino groups from proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Products of this reaction are known as Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs). These products are formed from endogenous sources (within the body) and exogenously (produced in food preparation, as well as those supported in their formation by tobacco smoke). In the food industry this reaction is known as “browning” and is directly related to cooking time of these, affecting its color and flavor. After food preparation and the formation of exogenous AGEs, these are absorbed in the digestive tract and are part of the pool of total body AGEs. AGEs alter structure and function of molecules and increase oxidative stress in biological systems. AGEs generally refers to non-reactive terminal products as CML (3,4-Ne carboxymethyl-lysine), but alsoincludes intermediate or precursor of AGEs as 3DG (3-deoxyglucosone), or MGO (methyl -glyoxal) and its derivatives. Glycation corresponds to a non-enzymatic glycosylation. This process contributes to protein post-translational modification. This process causes quantitative and qualitative changes in the extracellular matrix components which can affect cell adhesion, growth, and others. The process of protein glycation has been associated with development mechanisms of various diseases and complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy associated with diabetes, macrovascular disease, Alzheimer’s disease, cataracts, and aging.

Tromboelastografía como guía para terapia transfusional en paciente con síndrome de Turner, hipoplasia de arco aórtico y coartación aórtica sometido a aortoplastia con «técnica de deslizamiento¼: reporte de un caso / Thromboelastography as a guide for transfusion therapy in a patient with Turner's syndrome, hypoplasia of the aortic arch and aortic coarctation, undergoing aortoplasty with sliding technique: Case report

Una de las lesiones más comunes en el grupo de cardiopatías congénitas es la hipoplasia del arco aórtico y la coexistencia de coartación aórtica en niños mayores, lo cual es de muy difícil manejo. Recientemente se describió una técnica para tratar esta patología que requiere extensas líneas de sutura y un preciso manejo de las alteraciones de coagulación asociadas con el empleo de circulación extracorpórea. Presentamos el caso de una niña de 8 años y 9 meses de edad con síndrome de Turner, coartación aórtica e hipoplasia de arco aórtico, que ingresó para plastia del arco por deslizamiento y que recibió terapia transfusional guiada mediante tromboelastografía.

One of the most frequent lesions in congenital heart disease is hypoplasia of the aortic arch and the co-existence of aortic coarctation in older children, which is very difficult to treat. A new technique for treating this condition was recently described and it requires extensive suture lines and an accurate management of coagulation disorders associated with the use of extracorporeal circulation. We present a case of an 8 years and 9 months old girl with Turner’s syndrome, aortic coarctation and aortic arch hypoplasia that was admitted for sliding arch aortoplasty and received thromboelastography guided transfusion therapy.