Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme levels of intestinal renal and muscle tissues after a 60 minutes exercise in trained mice.

To investigate the effect of blood perfusion difference on oxidant status, mice were trained by a 7-week running program. Two days after the last training session, mice were exercised for 60 minutes at the same training intensity. Changes in the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), as an index of lipid peroxidation, in intestine, kidney and muscle, were studied in trained mice immediately (0 h), 3 h and 24 h after the running exercise and in unexercised control group. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and xanthine oxidase (XO) were determined in these tissues. Tissue SOD activities were unaffected by the exercise. Muscle GPx activity increased after exercise (0 h and 3 h group, P < 0.01) and returned to control levels at 24 h, but there was not any significant difference in intestinal and renal tissues. Renal tissue XO activity could not be determined. There was not any significant difference among groups in intestinal tissue XO activity. The activity of XO was decreased only in skeletal muscle at 0 h (P < 0.05). TBARS levels of exercised groups were higher than control in muscle (P < 0.01). Intestinal TBARS levels decreased at 0 h (P < 0.05), than reached to control level. Renal TBARS levels of 0 h and 24 h group was higher than control (P < 0.01, P < 0.01 respectively). The results show that a long distance running exercise may cause lipid peroxidation damage in skeletal muscle and kidney.

The effect of moderate swimming exercise on antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation levels in children.

Strenuous exercise is characterized by increased oxygen consumption and the disturbance between intracellular pro-oxidant and antioxidant homeostasis. Although there are several studies related to an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity in adults doing exercise, the effect of regular exercise on antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation levels has not been examined in children. In our study, the effects of a four week regular swimming exercise on antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) activities in erythrocytes and plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels, an indicator of lipid peroxidation, were investigated in previously untrained healthy children. We found that superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was increased significantly following a four week swimming course (from 581.1 +/- 146.2 to 791.1 +/- 221.9 U/gHb, P < 0.01). Conversly, plasma TBARS levels were decreased from 1.1 +/- 0.4 to 0.9 +/- 0.3 nmol/ml (P < 0.05). Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity appeared to increase following swimming course, albeit not statistically significant (from 45.5 +/- 16.5 to 50.3 +/- 14.8 U/gHb). According to these findings, regular swimming exercise has beneficial effects on antioxidant defence in healthy children.